\n| (v) They can work for longer periods without getting fatigued.<\/td>\n | (v) They work for shorter periods and get fatigued.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n Question 2.
\nName the cells \/ tissues in the human body, which
\n(i) Exhibit amoeboid movement
\n(ii) Exhibit ciliary movement
\nAnswer:
\n(i) Amoeboid Movement: Macrophages and Neutrophils.
\n(ii) Ciliary Movement: Epithelium of nasal tract, urinary tubule and fallopian tube.<\/p>\n Question 3.
\nLocomotion requires a perfect coordinated activity of muscular, and … system.
\nAnswer:
\nSkeletal, neural.<\/p>\n Question 4.
\nWhat tissue is affected by myasthenia gravis? What is the underlying cause?
\nAnswer:
\nTissue affected by Myasthenia Gravis is Muscles. Cause. Non – stimulation of muscles by nerves due to the auto immune destruction of Na channel protein, so that muscles become weak and the patient suffers from paralysis.<\/p>\n Question 5.
\nWrite true or false. If false, change the statement so that it becomes true.
\n(a) Actin is present in thin filament
\n(b) H-zone of striated muscle fibre, represents both thick and thin filaments.
\nAnswer:
\n(a) True.
\n(b) False : H-zone is light zone of A-band where thin actin filaments are absent.
\n(d) False: There are 12 pairs of ribs.<\/p>\n ![\"1st](\"https:\/\/kseebsolutions.guru\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/06\/KSEEB-Solutions.png\") <\/p>\n
1st PUC Biology Locomotion and Movement Three Marks Questions and Answers<\/h3>\nQuestion 1.
\nDefine sliding filament theory of muscle contraction.
\nAnswer:
\nIn humans, the muscles are broadly classified into three categories, as given below:
\n![\"1st](\"https:\/\/kseebsolutions.guru\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/06\/1st-PUC-Biology-Question-Bank-Chapter-20-Locomotion-and-Movement.1.png\") <\/p>\n Question 2.
\nDescribe the important steps in muscle contraction.
\nAnswer:
\nAbout 40-50% of the body weight of an adult human is contributed by muscles.<\/p>\n \n- Muscle is a specialised tissue, that arises from the mesoderm.<\/li>\n
- Muscles show special properties like excitability, contractility, extensibility and elasticity.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
Muscles have been classified using criteria like
\n(i) location,
\n(ii) appearance\/morphology and
\n(iii) nature of regulation of their activities.<\/p>\n 1st PUC Biology Locomotion and Movement Five Marks Questions and Answers<\/h3>\nQuestion 1.
\nDraw the diagram of a sarcomere of skeletal muscle showing different regions.
\nAnswer:<\/p>\n In humans, the muscles are broadly classified into three categories, as given below:
\n<\/p>\n <\/p>\n Question 2.
\nHow do you distinguish between a skeletal muscle and a cardiac muscle?
\nAnswer:
\nSkeletal muscle<\/p>\n \n- An organised skeletal muscle is made up of a number of muscle cells\/fibres grouped into bundles called fascicles.<\/li>\n
- The fascicles are held together by a collagenous connective tissue layer called fascia.<\/li>\n
- Each muscle bundle has a number of muscle fibres\/cells.
\n![\"1st](\"https:\/\/kseebsolutions.guru\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/06\/1st-PUC-Biology-Question-Bank-Chapter-20-Locomotion-and-Movement.2.png\") <\/li>\n - Each muscle fibre has a membrane called sarcolemma that encloses the cytoplasm called sarcoplasm.<\/li>\n
- The sarcoplasm contains mitochondria (sarcosomes), endoplasmic reticulum (sarcoplasmic reticulum) and many thin parallelly arranged filamentous or rod-like structures called myofibrils.<\/li>\n
- Each myofibril has throughout its length, alternate dark and light bands, that are responsible for the striated appearance of the muscle.<\/li>\n
- The light bands contain actin and are called 1-bands. (isotropic bands).<\/li>\n
- The dark bands contain myosin and are called A-bands (anisotropic bands).<\/li>\n
- Actin filaments are thinner (hence called thin filaments) and myosin filaments are thicker (hence called thick filaments).
\n![\"1st](\"https:\/\/kseebsolutions.guru\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/06\/1st-PUC-Biology-Question-Bank-Chapter-20-Locomotion-and-Movement.3.png\") <\/li>\n - In the centre of the 1-band is an elastic fibre called \u2018Z\u2019 line, to which the actin filaments are firmly attached.<\/li>\n
- The thick filaments of the A-band are also held together in the middle of this band by a thin fibrous membrane called \u2018M\u2019 line.<\/li>\n
- The portion of the myofibril between two \u2018Z\u2019 lines is a sarcomere, the functional contractile unit.<\/li>\n
- In resting stage, the edges of the thin filaments on either side of the A-band (thick filaments) partially overlap the free ends of the thick filaments.<\/li>\n
- The central part of the A-band (thick filament) not overlapped by thin filaments, is called the H-zone.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
Cardiac muscle:
\nCardiac muscle tissue is one of the three types of muscle tissue in your body. The other two types are skeletal muscle tissue and smooth muscle tissue. Cardiac muscle tissue is only found in your heart, where it performs coordinated contractions that allow your heart to pump blood through your circulatory system.<\/p>\n <\/p>\n 1st PUC Biology Locomotion and Movement Text Book Questions and Answers<\/h3>\n1. Movement And Locomotion:<\/p>\n \n- Streaming of cytoplasm in the unicellular organisms is the simplest form of movement.<\/li>\n
- Animal cells also show movement of cilia, flagella and tentacles.<\/li>\n
- Animals move their body parts like limbs, jaws, etc.<\/li>\n
- Walking, running, flying, swimming etc. are different forms of locomotion.<\/li>\n
- In Paramoecium, cilia help in movement of food into cytopharynx and also for locomotion.<\/li>\n
- Hydra uses the tentacles for food capture as well as for locomotion.<\/li>\n
- Human beings use the limbs to change the posture of the body as well as for locomotion.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
2. Types Of Movement:
\nCells of human body show three basic types of movement:-
\n(i) Amoeboid Movement\/Pseudopodial movement :
\nMacrophages and leucocytes exhibit amoeboid movement. It is also seen in amoeba. Amoeboid movement is effected by pseudopodia formation by cytoplasmic streaming. It also involves cytoskeletal elements like microfilaments.<\/p>\n (ii) Ciliary Movement:
\nThese movements are caused by fine versatile hair called cilia.
\nCiliary movement occurs in those hollow tubular visceral organs, that are internally lined by ciliated epithelium.
\nCiliary movement in trachea helps in removing foreign substances or particles.
\nCiliary movement in fallopian tube causes the ova to move to the uterus.<\/p>\n (iii) Muscular Movement:
\nThe contractile property of muscles is responsible for muscular movement.
\nMovements of jaws, limbs, eyelids etc. are muscular movements involving striated muscles.
\nMovement of food in the alimentary canal and movement of urine in ureters are movements involving smooth muscles.<\/p>\n (iv) Flagella movement: It is caused by long whip-like process called flagella. It is seen in spermatozoa, euglena and sponges.<\/p>\n Muscle:<\/p>\n About 40-50% of the body weight of an adult human is contributed by muscles.<\/p>\n \n- Muscle is a specialised tissue, that arises from the mesoderm.<\/li>\n
- Muscles show special properties like excitability, contractility, extensibility and elasticity.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
Muscles have been classified using criteria like
\n(i) location,
\n(ii) appearance\/morphology and
\n(iii) nature of regulation of their activities.<\/p>\n <\/p>\n In humans, the muscles are broadly classified into three categories, as given below:
\n<\/p>\n Skeletal muscle<\/p>\n |
![\"1st](\"https:\/\/kseebsolutions.guru\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/06\/1st-PUC-Biology-Question-Bank-Chapter-20-Locomotion-and-Movement.4.png\")
<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n![\"1st](\"https:\/\/kseebsolutions.guru\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/06\/1st-PUC-Biology-Question-Bank-Chapter-20-Locomotion-and-Movement.5.png\")
<\/p>\n