Strategies that can help students read more quickly and effectively include,<\/p>\n
![\"1st](\"https:\/\/kseebsolutions.guru\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/06\/KSEEB-Solutions.png\")
<\/p>\n
(a) Previewing: Reviewing titles, section headings, and photo captions to get a sense of the structure and content of a reading selection.<\/p>\n
(b) Predicting: Using knowledge of the subject matter to make predictions about content and vocabulary and check comprehension; using knowledge of the text type and purpose to make predictions about discourse structure; using knowledge about the author to make predictions about writing style, vocabulary, and content.<\/p>\n
(c) Skimming and scanning: Using a quick survey of the text to get the main idea, identify text structure, confirm or question predictions.<\/p>\n
(d) Guessing from context: Using prior knowledge of the subject and the ideas in the text as clues to the meanings of unknown words, instead of stopping to look them up.<\/p>\n
(e) Paraphrasing: Stopping at the end of a section to check comprehension by restating the information and ideas in the text. Remember, the more you read, the more your vocabulary will grow.<\/p>\n
<\/p>\n
Read the following passages and answer the questions set on them.<\/p>\n
i. Shellfish in Oman<\/span> An animal that is of enormous importance to the south-eastern coast of Omanis, the abalone, a shellfish has become the centre of a multimillion dollar industry.<\/p>\n Once, abalone shellfish were brought to the surface in the hope that the soft tissue contained beautiful pearls. Today, the shellfish are caught for a different reason – restaurant menus! The fresh white shellfish has a distinctive and much admired flavour and it is the most highly valued product from Omani waters. It is fished exclusively along the shores of Dhofar.<\/p>\n This distinctive shellfish has only one shell, unlike other shellfish which have two. The shell is extremely beautiful. Light is diffracted by geometrically arranged crystals within the shell, creating a wonderful shine. The shells of several abalone can be used for decorative purposes, and to make jewellery and buttons. Young abalone shelter in small groups, holding onto the underside of medium-sized boulders, whereas adults live grouped up to a dozen together in rocky cracks. They can only survive successfully in areas where cold, nutritious water rises from the sea bed. There, in the shallow, brightly lit conditions, the abalone shellfish live. The environmental requirements for cool water conditions are rarely met, and, as a result, the geographical occurrence and extent of abalone fisheries worldwide is extremely restricted.<\/p>\n The coast of Dhofar in Oman is one of the special environments that supports abalone populations. The southern shore of Oman experiences monsoon winds across the surface of the sea from April to September. As these winds skim the surface, the rich cold water from the depths of the Arabian sea can easily rise and move towards the shore.<\/p>\n Abalone are harvested after the monsoon period, between October and March. Fishermen dive to a depth of ten metres assisted only by a face mask and, perhaps, fins. Groups of up to ten men search the sea bed for abalone encrusted boulders and deftly remove the shells using a knife, before coming up for air. A good diver searches for large adults and will collect up to 600 specimens per day. In order to do this, the diver may have to cover an area of 100 square metres.<\/p>\n Question 1. Question 2. Question 3. Question 4. Question 5. Question 6. Question 7. Question 8. Question 9. Question 10. Question 11. Question 12. ii. Good twin, Bad twins<\/span><\/p>\n My first encounter with the myth that twins come packaged as a pair – one good and one bad – came more than 20 years ago in my local supermarket. As I pushed my shopping trolley with my ten month old twin daughters towards a woman, she said, Which one’s the good one and which one’s the bad one?’ I was speechless and hurried past.<\/p>\n Twins are up against the human enthusiasm for comparing, contrasting and labelling people. Since twins are born a ‘matched set’, they are often seen as symbols of the good and bad in all of us. Ancient ; myths and modem movies are full of situations where twins qre made to represent polar opposites. Unfortunately, most people have more familiarity with twin myths than with living, breathing twins, who are, after all, just two little kids. As one mother of adult twin sons puts it, ‘I was amazed at how<\/p>\n good both my twin sons were. From an early age there was so much care and compassion between them. If I offered one a biscuit, he wouldn’t take it until he made sure that his brother was going to get one too. I tried, but I could never get my single-bom kids to be as thoughtful of each other.’ She says die protected her boys from intrusive public scrutiny and twin myths while they were growing up by giving them distinctly different names. She never dressed them alike and avoided emphasizing on their twinship.<\/p>\n Parents have the job of ensuring that their multiples have a chance to fulfil themselves, and to grow up to develop their individual potential. To do that, parents need to get rid of the myths at the back of their minds, and to resist any impulse to favour one over the other. The key is to encourage both of them to develop their strengths and abilities, whether or not they are the same as the other twin’s. While few parents believe the myth of good twin\/bad twin, some fall into the trap of contrasting their twins’ personality traits and abilities: easy and difficult, pretty and smart.<\/p>\n Of course, there are times when a parent becomes disenchanted with one over the other. Wise parents keep these feelings to themselves. When they speak of differences between their twin children, they translate them into positive points, and avoid negative labels. However, bad behaviour should always be disapproved of, as long as it is the behaviour, and not the child, which is the focus of the disapproval.<\/p>\n Within the family, parents can control the behaviour of relatives who may believe in the twin myth. But there is no easy way to protect multiples from inappropriate questions and comments which they may meet outside the family circle. The best defense is the attitude towards twinship and about any justify differences between children. Perhaps you may never experience the twin myth, but if you do, be ready with a positive mind.<\/p>\n Question 1. Question 2. Question 3. Question 4. Question 5. Question 6. Question 7. Question 8. iii. The man who conquered every peak in Europe<\/span><\/p>\n During a daring two-month climbing expedition in some of Europe’s most volatile regions, Rod Baber, a 29-year- old former telecom salesman, has survived rock falls and avalanches, sidestepped landmines and climbed one peak at midnight to avoid armed mountain patrols. He has spent a night on a treacherous one-metre ice ledge, battled altitude sickness and used Cuban cigars to bribe the shadowy figures who control mountain access.<\/p>\n For his troubles, he will enter the Guinness Book of World Records as the climber who has conquered the highest peak in each of the 47 European countries in the least time, saving four years off the record of seven years that had been set two years previously. It seems an extreme way to earn a place in the history books. The idea of doing the record started in 1997. When Baber, who became a climbing fanatic in his teens after being sent on an adventure weekend, was spending an evening with some work colleagues.<\/p>\n The conversation got around to climbing mountains and, from then on, he was hooked, and spent hours on the telephone to potential sponsors, trying to get them to agree to give him financial support for his venture.<\/p>\n Once he had received the first promise of money, Baber went into serious training. Apanel of professional climbers was called in to draw up a list of the 47 peaks, which included Mt. Elberus in Russia (5,642m), the tallest mountain in Europe, and the highest point in Monaco, just 162 m, both of which he climbed along other peaks to climb 44 peaks during five months in 1998. Frustratingly, weather and politics slowed him down.<\/p>\n There were three left to do: 2,656m Mt. Daravica in Kosovo, whose slopes were studded with mines: Mt Shikhara in Georgia, whose steep sides make the 5,068m ascent difficult and dangerous: and Mt Ararat in Turkey, whose summit is nearly 5 km above sea level.<\/p>\n Through a combination of support from local people, bribing officials, luck and sheer determination to achieve the record, Baber has done it. He does not see anything pointless or strange about his record. Work isn’t challenging enough, and we all love a challenge.<\/p>\n The most important thing is happiness, and I just love climbing,’ says Baber, whose efforts raised several thousand pounds for various charities. He plans next to conquer the highest peak in every country in the world. He reckons he will be able to complete the remaining 199 peaks at the rate of a continent a year. ‘I’d like to lead a normal life,’ he says, ‘but I’m on the mountain wagon now.’<\/p>\n Question 1. Question 2. Question 3. Question 4. Question 5. Question 6. Question 7. Question 8. iv. Plants that Heal<\/span><\/p>\n Many of the plants that are poisonous in large quantities are useful medicinally if taken in very small quantity. Foxgloves are poisonous if eaten, but the drug digitalis is extracted from these plants, and this is used to treat people with heart diseases. The deadly Night Shades, gives belladonna which is used as a sedative and Nux Vomica tree supplies strychnine which can increase appetite.<\/p>\n However, both of these medicines must be taken in small doses; they are poisonous if that dose is exceeded. Before men could manufacture drugs, plants were their only source.<\/p>\n The Chinese were using opium from poppies and the South American Indians were chewing cocoa leaves as painkillers, long before the presence of drugs called cocaine and heroin. Now that these drugs are distilled from the plants and used at greater strengths, they have become addictive drugs causing as much distress as relief from pain. Other drugs are not as dangerous.<\/p>\n Quinine which helps to bring down fever, extracted ‘ from the bark of the Cinchona tree, which grows in South America, Camphor, Caster beans and cloves all give oils with medicinal uses, and these are only a few of the many plants used to ease illness. Another fungus must be included here, the Penicillium fungus, which gives penicillin, an invaluable antibiotic.<\/p>\n Question 1. Question 2. Question 3. Question 4. Question 5. Question 6. Question 7. Question 8. Answer: At that moment the figures began to move back towards their machines. They went inside and the low humming noise began again. One by one the machines lit up. Then the first machine rose into the air, spinning like a wheel. A second one followed it, and then a third ….<\/p>\n Rod felt terribly sad. The machines were leaving without him! He jumped over the low wall. “Wait!” he shouted. “Take me with you! Please!” . But as he rushed forward, a wave of hot air pushed him back and he fell to the ground When he opened his eyes, the field was empty.<\/p>\n Did he really see flying saucers or was it all a dream? Rod is not sure. But these days, when anyone mentions flying saucers, Rod keeps quiet. And he feels very sad, remembering the happy peaceful planet he wanted to go to.<\/p>\n Question 1. Question 2. Question 3. Question 4. Question 5. Question 6. Question 7. Question 8. Question 9. Question 10. v. Jane Goodall<\/span><\/p>\n Jane Goodall’s great passion for life was animals. She liad dozens of books about them. The walls of her bedroom were covered with pictures of animals, just as other girls of her age had posters of pop stars. Most of Jane’s animals were quite small: rabbits, mice, birds- that sort of thing. But one day something quite big came her way. Jane’s mother noticed that she was spending quite a lot of time in the shed. She also noticed that food was disappearing from the house, esjtecially bread and fruit. One evening she decided to go down to the shed to see for herself.<\/p>\n As. she stood outside the door of the shed, she could hear Jane talking to someone inside. “She’s got a friend in there with her,” she thought. She opened the door and looked in. At first she could only sec Jane sitting on the ground. Then she made out the shape of an animal sitting beside Jane. Two huge eyes stared up at her. She nearly screamed.<\/p>\n It was a gorilla “Jane! Where on earth ?” she started to say. But then she remembered. A few days before, a “Well, you know you can\u2019t keep it,” her mother said. “You\u2019d better phone the police and explain.” Not long after, the police came and also a van from the zoo. Nobody was even align with Jane when she told her story. The police knew all about Jane and her animals.<\/p>\n And the zoo keeper said: “I can see that Gorges ou. But we need him back at zoo! But you can come and see him as often as you like. We’ll send you a free pass!” These days Jane has almost given up collecting small animals- but you can often find her talking to her friend Gor at the zoo! –<\/p>\n Question 1. Question 2. Question 3. Question 4. Question 5. Question 6. Question 7. Question 8. Question 9. Question 10. A –B vi. Plying Saucers<\/span><\/p>\n Rod always used to laugh at the idea of flying saucers. “If there are people in outer space,” he used to say, “they won\u2019t want to.-eome.here, will they?”<\/p>\n But that was before Rod had a very strange experience.One summer evening, just as he was getting ready to go to bed Rod heard a low humming noise outside, like thousands of bees. He looked out of his bedroom window’. In the field at the end of the garden he saw a number .of bright objects coming down. As they landed their lights went out and the field became dark. Rod decided to take a closer look from the wall at the end of his garden.<\/p>\n From there he could.see the mysterious objects quite clearly. There were twelve of them in all arid they were long and thin, like cnomvJus cigars. In the centre of the machines he could just make out a group of figures, all wearing space suits: They appeared to be having a meeting.<\/p>\n As he stood there, Rod felt sure that these men were from outer space. Their machines were the famous flying saucers. Rod also felt sure that they came from a quiet, peaceful planet, quite unlike the world he lived in. And he wanted to join them!<\/p>\n vii. Robert<\/span><\/p>\n It was a cold winter’s afternoon. Robert paused for a moment as he crossed the bridge and looked down at foe river below. There were hardly any boats on the river. Near the bridge, however, almost directly below, there was one small one, a canoe, with a boy in it. He was not even wearing many clothes, Robert noticed, He shivered and walked on.<\/p>\n Just then he heard a cry. Help! Help! The cry definitely came from foe river. Robert looked down. The boy was in the water and his canoe was floating away.”Help! Help!” he called again.<\/p>\n Robert was a good swimmer and he hesitated for only a moment. Taking off his coat, he dived into the river. The icy water almost took his breath away, but in a matter of seconds he reached the boy. “Don’t panic!” he said as he caught hold of him. “Just relax-and I’ll soon get you out of the water.”<\/p>\n But the boy began to struggle and shout something at him. Robert could not make out his words. “Don’t panic,\u201d he said again and started to swim towards the bank, dragging the boy with him. But at that moment he noticed a large motor boat under the bridge.<\/p>\n There were several people on board, all looking in his direction. Robert decided to swim towards the boat. “Give me a hand,” he shouted as he got near the boat. He looked up into a row of faces. “It’s funny;” he thought. “They look angry.” Silently the people on the boat helped the boy aboard and wrapped him in a blanket. But they made no move to help Robert.<\/p>\n “Aren’t you going to pull me out too?” Robert asked. Question 1. Question 2. Question 3. Question 4. Question 5. Question 6. Question 7. Question 8. a motor boat \/ film people\/winter \/ Robert \/ a boy \/ a bridge\/ afternoon\/ Robert savec a boy \/ a river\/He spoilt a film. viii. Useful Microbes<\/span><\/p>\n Bacteria and fungi decompose dead organisms and thus enable nutrients to go back to the soil. This prevents accumulation of dead organic matter in the soil. Therefore, these microbes are called decomposers. The bacteria and fungi act upon the dung of farm animals, straw, vegetable wastes, grass cuttings and other degradable wastes. As they rot, nitrates and other inorganic nutrients are given out into the soil, thus making it rich.<\/p>\n These compost and manure act as natural fertilizers. In plants, such as the legumes (beans, peas, soya bean etc), the roots have several swollen parts called nodules. Different species of the Rhizobium bacterium live in these swellings and convert nitrogen into nitrates. This process is called nitrogen fixation. This helps to make the soil rich in nitrates which are essential for the growth of plants. It takes an active part in the nitrogen cycle.<\/p>\n Raw sewage like faeces and urine is a health hazard. Bacteria breakdown raw sewage wastes such as faeces and urine into harmless and even useful substances. These can be used as landfills or to renovate the soil by providing nitrates and phosphates and improving its water retention capacity.<\/p>\n In India, China and some other countries, village communities use biogas fermenters to produce methane. Human and animal faeces and leafy waste from crops are broken down by bacteria in the absence of oxygen (anaerobic conditions) to produce methane (biogas), a valuable fuel for cooking and lighting.\u00a0 Some algae are used in space flights to purify the air in spaceships.<\/p>\n Alcohol and alcoholic drinks are made by fermentation using yeast. Yeast is used to ferment sugars in grapes to make wine. Sugars in rice and barley are fermented to produce beer.<\/p>\n Yeast is also added to dough to.produce carbon-di-oxide which makes the dough rise. The bread or cake made from the dough becomes soft and fluffy due to the gas. So yeast is used in bakeries to make bread and cake.<\/p>\n Question 1. 2. Which is the bacterium that lives in the swollen parts of legumes? Question 3. Question 4. Question 5. Question 6. Question 7. Question 8. Question 9. Question 10. ix. Kamaladevi Chattopadhyay<\/span><\/p>\n The uncanny thing about Kamaladevi Chattopadhyay, a woman described as “the supremely romantic figure of the freedom struggle”, is how relevant her mission seems today – a hundred years after she was bom. Whether it is her free-thinking feminism, her egalitarian politics, hef driving interest in theatre, her belief in the cooperative movement or Indian handicrafts, she was one of that rare breed of people whose ideas seem relevant even now.<\/p>\n Kamaladevi was a feminist long before feminism became fashionable. She critiqued what she saw as the excesses of Western feminism that cast women in eternal victim roles and pitted them against men, instead of patriarchal institutions: Bom into a liberal Saraswat Brahmin family in Mangalore, she inherited her mother’s independent streak. Her exposure to politics came from the icons of the freedom struggle like Gopalakrishna Gokhale, Ranade and Annie Besant, who were friends of .her family.<\/p>\n After her meeting with the Margaret Cousins, a key figure in the Suffragist movement in the West, Kamaladevi joined active politics and became the first woman to contest a seat in the Legislative Assembly (in 1926, from the Madras State Provincial Legislature). She headed the All India Women’s Conference for several years, campaigning for legislative changes to further women’s rights.<\/p>\n She pressed for a uniform civil code as a means to promote gender justice and worked hard for the prevention of child marriage. Many of her ideas that seemed radical are accepted as normal today, like the right to maternity leave and child care and the need to consider women’s unpaid household labour, an economic activity.<\/p>\n Kamaladevi’s swadeshi convictions were also largely fuelled by her feminist agenda. She linked the Western system of mass production as a deathblow to women who formed the bulk of the work force in unorganised sectors such as traditional crafts. Similarly, according to her, traditional and indigenous knowledge, which passed on from mother to daughter (like herbal cures), was also threatened by Western systems of medicine.<\/p>\n Her study on the abject situation of women in the mining industry led to her deep association with labour unions. She traced the crucial link between class and gender in a 1948 report of the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organisation. It was subtitled ‘The Basis of Feminism’.<\/p>\n Question 1. Question 2. 3. Mention the names of any two freedom fighters, who initiated her to politics. 4. Why did Kamaladevi demand for a uniform civil code? Question 5. Question 6. Question\u00a0 7. Question\u00a0 8. Question\u00a0 9. x. Yakshagana<\/span><\/p>\n In South India, particularly in Karnataka, there is one form of dance theatre that defies most rules of popular art, perhaps even societal norms; where the hero is just one among many actors on stage; where the villain looks so much grander and has so much more fun that he ends up overshadowing the hero.<\/p>\n This is where no two performances, no two series of dialogue, are ever the same, and shows are typically debated for days after the performance; where an actor can become so famous that he (all roles are played by men) is identified by his role, and where the entangled web of the caste system is surprisingly absent. We call this Yakshagana.<\/p>\n Karnataka has full claim to this art form, which originated in its villages, in open grounds or under ‘ shoddily put-up canvas tents covering dirty mats and creaky folding chairs. Indeed, Yakshagana is recognised as one of the traditional art forms of Karnataka, just like the Odissi dance of Odhisha or the Mohiniattam in Kerala.<\/p>\n Apart from the bhajans and religious discourses, Yakshagana, literally meaning the song of the Yakshas, or demi-gods, offered a fun way to learn about Hindu epics and \u2019 their thousand and more stories. Yakshagana is a mix of folk theatre, dance, theatre and music, a pantomime of sorts. Today, it constitutes an art form that thrives amidst the general decline of traditional arts elsewhere in India and the region at large.<\/p>\n Interestingly, Yakshagana exists with an almost complete lack of caste and its trappings. For instance, Between managing his family estate and his medical practice, he finds time to do about ten performances in a year. ‘The money is not important to me, I do it for the passion,’ he says. ‘There may be individual animosity among the artists in some cases, but caste never benefits or hinders a person from getting a particular role.’ However, almost all artists, professional or otherwise, are usually Hindu.<\/p>\n In addition, all are men, including those playing the female characters. In a society of male dominance, it was not considered respectable for a woman to be seen on stage before an audience, and this tradition has continued.<\/p>\n At the very core of Yakshagana is the himmela or back ground music. This entourage of musicians includes a narrator, singers (bhagawatha) and musicians playing the chande and maddale drums, and the harmonium. The mummela is a team of actors who interpret and act out the songs from a section of a particular myth.<\/p>\n Their performance, usually touching on just one main story and a few sub-stories, is called the prasanga. Performances usually begin just after dusk with elaborate beating of drums in what is called the peetike, during which the narrator sets the background to the play with songs and music, before the actors come on stage to roar and dance until dawn.<\/p>\n Question 1. Question\u00a0 2. Question 3. Question\u00a0 4. Question\u00a0 5. Question\u00a0 6. Question\u00a0 7. Question 8. Question 9. Question 10.
\n<\/strong>
\nThe diverse riches of the sea have always played a significant role in Oman’s economy and lifestyle of her people. The nation’s fishing, industry continues to increase in importance as research into its marine life grows stronger.<\/p>\n
\nAbalone live in shallow marine waters with rocky bottom conditions.<\/p>\n
\nWhy is Oman’s fishing industry continuing to expand?
\nAnswer:
\nThe main sea product off the coast of Oman are Abalone Shellfish which are in demand all over the world as a delicay in restaurants. Their shells are also used for decorative purposes. This growing demand has resulted in the expansion of Oman\u2019s fishing industry.<\/p>\n
\nWhy was abalone shellfish originally important?
\nAnswer:
\nBecause its soft tissue contained beautiful pearls.<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\nHow is the abalone different from other shellfish?
\nAnswer:
\nAbalone live in shallow marine waters with rocky bottom conditions holding on to the undersides of medium sized boulders. They live in small groups which the other fish can\u2019t. They have only one shell unlike other shell fish which have two.<\/p>\n
\nState the three uses of abalone shells.
\nAnswer:
\nThree uses of Abalone shells are<\/p>\n\n
\nMention one of the factors contributing to Oman’s growing economy.
\nAnswer:
\nThe coast of Dhofar in Oman has the special environmental requirement of cool water conditions that support Abalone fish.<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\nThe abalone is fished in
\nAnswer:
\nCoast of Dhofar in Oman.<\/p>\n
\nWhen are abalone harvested?
\nAnswer:
\nAfter the monsoon period between October and March.<\/p>\n
\nWhich part of the year is best suited for harvesting abalone?
\nAnswer:
\nBetween October and March.<\/p>\n
\nBring out the difference between the life of the young and adult abalone.
\nAnswer:
\nYoung Abalone: They live in shallow marine water with rocky bottom holding onto the underside of boulders which shelter small groups.
\nAdult Abalone : They live in groups up to a dozen together in rocky cracks. They can survive only in cold areas.<\/p>\n
\nHow are abalone fished under sea?
\nAnswer:
\nFishermen dive to a depth of ten metres under sea, assisted only by a face mask and fins.
\nGroups of upto ten men search the sea bed for abalaone encrusted boulders and deftly remove the shells using a knife.<\/p>\n
\nGive the meaning of the phrase ‘multi-million dollar’ in the context of the passage.
\nAnswer:
\nThe phrase ‘multi-million dollar’ means that there are plenty of industries based on abalone shellfish which has considerably increased the economy of Oman.<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\nWhy does a diver use a knife?
\nAnswer:
\nA diver uses a knife to detach abalone from the boulders and to remove their shells.<\/p>\n
\nWhere did the author come across the first twin myth?
\nAnswer:
\nThe author came across the first twin myth more than 20 years ago at the local supermarket.<\/p>\n
\nWhat difference did the mother of the twin sons find between these two and her other children?
\nAnswer:
\nIf the mother offered one of the twins a biscuit he wouldn\u2019t take it until he made sure that his brother was also going to get one. She could never get her single-bom kids to be as thoughtful of their siblings.<\/p>\n
\nWhy are twins often classified as good and bad?
\nAnswer:
\nBecause of their behaviour and attitude and the comparison between them.<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\nWhat advice does the writer give about bad behaviour?
\nAnswer:
\nParents of twins at times may become disenchanted with one over the other. Wise ones keep thpse feelings to themselves and refrain from labelling them. However, bad behaviour should always be disapproved of as long as the focus is on the behaviour and not on the errant child.<\/p>\n
\nWhat trap do some parents fall into?
\nAnswer:
\nSome parents fall into the trap of contrasting their twins’ individual personality traits and abilities as easy and difficult, pretty and smart.<\/p>\n
\nHow do wise parents overcome the twin Myth?
\nAnswer:
\nWise parents keep the feeling to themselves when they speak of differences between their twin children and translate them into positive points and avoid negative labels.<\/p>\n
\nWhy do you think myths in general float around?
\nAnswer:
\nMost people believe upon the myths than the living.<\/p>\n
\n‘Twins are up against the human enthusiasm for comparing, contrasting and labelling people’. Draw conclusions from your reading of the passage.
\nAnswer:
\nThe best way is an attitude towards friendship and ignoring any differences that exist between children. If we are already with a positive mind set, we can really get rid of this myth.<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\nHow was Baber employed before he began making records?
\nAnswer:
\nBaber was employed as a telecom salesman before he began making records.<\/p>\n
\nName the problems Baber faced during his attempt.
\nAnswer:
\nDuring a duration of two-month climbing expedition in some of Europe’s most volatile regions. Baber has survived rock falls and avalanches, sidestepped landmines and even climbed one peak at midnight to avoid armed mountain patrols.<\/p>\n
\nBaber entered the Guinness Book of World records because .
\nAnswer:
\nHe has conquered the highest peak of each of the 47 European countries, in the least time.<\/p>\n
\nWhat started Baber’s interest in mountaineering?
\nAnswer:
\nBaber became a climbing enthusiast while in his teens, after being sent on an adventure weekend in 1997. When he was spending an evening with his colleagues, the conversation got around to climbing mountains and he got hooked on the mission of climbing the highest peaks of each of the 47 European countries in the least time.<\/p>\n
\nWhat qualities in Baber made his achievement possible?
\nAnswer:
\nThe fact that he was a climbing fanatic from his teens, his adventurous spirit, willingness to take risks and face challenges, physical endurance, dedication, single minded determination all these qualities along with his sense of being happy on mountain tops have made it possible.<\/p>\n
\nWhat does Baber mean by I’d like to lead a.normal life, but I’m on the mountain wagon now”?
\nAnswer:
\nBaber plans to conquer the highest peak in every country in the world. He reckons he will be able to complete the remaining 199 peaks at the rate of a continent a year. So, even though he would like to complete his mission and settle down, the attraction of the mountains is still pulling him up there.<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\nThe word Summit means (sum total, peak, surface)
\nAnswer:
\npeak<\/p>\n
\nList some of the European mountain peaks mentioned in the passage.
\nAnswer:
\nMt. Elberus in Russia, Mt. Daravica in Kosovo, Mt. Shikhara in Georgia, and Mt. Ararat in Turkey. ,<\/p>\n
\nHow are foxgloves medicinally helpful?
\nAnswer:
\nDigitalis, a drug extracted from foxgloves is used to cure heart diseases.<\/p>\n
\nThe drug that is extracted from foxgloves is .
\n(a) belladonna.
\n(b) strychnine.
\n(c) Nux Vomica.
\n(d) digitalis.
\nAnswer:
\n(d) digitalis.<\/p>\n
\nWhat happens if belladonna and strychnine are given in small doses?
\nAnswer:
\nBelladonna is a sedative and strychnine increases appetite.<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\nBefore man could manufacture drugs, plants were the only source of medicine. True\/ False.
\nAnswer:
\nTrue.<\/p>\n
\nWhat were used as painkillers by the Chinese and the South American Indians?
\nAnswer:
\nThe Chinese used opium from poppies and the South American Indians used cocoa leaves, as
\npainkillers.<\/p>\n
\nWhich plants produce oils of medicinal value?
\nAnswer:
\nCamphor, caster beans and cloves give oils of medicinal value.<\/p>\n
\nWhich fungus proves a good antibiotic?
\nAnswer:
\n\u2018’Penicillium fungus\u201d.<\/p>\n
\nMatch the following.<\/p>\n\n\n
\n Name of the plant\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0<\/strong><\/td>\n Part of the plant used as medicine<\/strong><\/td>\n Illness\/disease cure<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n \n \u00a0Cocoa<\/td>\n Leaves<\/td>\n Pain killers<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n \n Cinchona<\/td>\n Bark<\/td>\n Brings down fever<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n \n Caster<\/td>\n Beans<\/td>\n Ease illness<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n \n Poppies<\/td>\n Seeds<\/td>\n Pain killers<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n
\n(a) – iii (b) – iv (c) – ii<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\nWhat did Rod always use to laugh at?
\nAnswer:
\nRod always used to laugh at the idea of flying saucers.<\/p>\n
\nWhat did Rod hear as he was getting ready to go to bed?
\nAnswer:
\nRod heard a low humming noise outside like thousands Of bees.<\/p>\n
\nIn the field at the end of the garden Rod saw some
\n(a) people
\n(b) humming bees
\n(c) strange objects.
\nAnswer:
\n(c) strange objects.<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\nFrom where could Rod view the mysterious objects clearly?
\nAnswer:
\nFrom the wall at the end of his garden.<\/p>\n
\nWhat was Rod sure of ?
\nAnswer:
\nRod was sure of the people being from outer space.<\/p>\n
\nWhat did Rod imagine about the outer space?
\nAnswer:
\nHe used to say, that people from outer space would not want to come to our planet.<\/p>\n
\nHow many machines did Rod see moving?
\nAnswer:
\nRod saw three machines moving.<\/p>\n
\nWhy was Rod sad?
\nAnswer:
\nRod was sad because the machines had gone back without him.<\/p>\n
\nWhere did Rod find himself when he was pushed back?
\nAnswer:
\nRod found himself on the ground.<\/p>\n
\nWhy does Rod feel sad when there is a mention of flying saucers?
\nAnswer:
\nRod feels sad remembering the happy peaceful planet he had wanted to go.<\/p>\n
\nShe used to keep animals in garden and, if she could, brought them into the house too. Usually, however, her mother caught her. “Get those animals out of here!” she used to shout. “If you must keep them, use the shed at the end of the garden!”<\/p>\n
\nyoung gorilla had escaped from the zoo and, in spite of every effort to find it, the animal had simply vanished. “I found it wandering through the park,” Jane explained. “It seemed so lonely! I talked to it and we became friends at once. And then it followed me back here . ..<\/p>\n
\nWhat did Jane\u2019s “mother notice?
\nAnswer:
\nJane’s mother noticed that the for,was disappearing from the house – especially bread and fruit.<\/p>\n
\nWho was sitting with Jane in the shed?
\nAnswer:
\nA young gorilla was sitting with Jane in the shed.<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\nWhere had the gorilla come from?
\nAnswer:
\nThe gorilla had come from the zoo.<\/p>\n
\nWhere had Jane found the gorilla?
\nAnswer:
\nJane had found the gorilla at the park:<\/p>\n
\nWhom did the mother want Jane to inform about the gorilla?
\nAnswer:
\nThe mother wanted Jane to inform the police.<\/p>\n
\nWhy weren\u2019t the police angry with Jane?
\nAnswer:
\nBecause the police had known all about Jane and her animals.<\/p>\n
\nWhat did the zoo keeper offer Jane?
\nAnswer:
\nThe zoo keeper invited Jane to visit the zoo often to see the gorilla, and offered her a free pass.<\/p>\n
\nThe Gorilla belonged to the ………….
\n(a) zoo.
\n(b) park
\n(c) police.
\nAnswer:
\n(a) zoo<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\nJane\u2019s mother went to the shed because she wanted taind
\n(a) animals
\n(b) food
\n(c) Jane\u2019s friends.
\nAnswer:
\n(c) Jane\u2019s friends.<\/p>\n
\nMatch the actions in column A with the reasons in B.<\/p>\n
\n1. Jane took food from the house. — a. It was in Jane\u2019s shed.
\n2. Jane began to spend a lot of time in the shed. — b. She tried to bring animals into the house.
\n3. Jane\u2019s mother use to shout — c. She needed it for the gorilla at her.
\n4. The gorilla vanished — d. She had to tell them about the gorilla.
\n5. Jane phoned the police — e. She had a gorilla there.
\nAnswer:
\n1 – c, 2 .e, 3 – b, 4 – a, 5 – d.<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\n“You!” said one of the men. Robert noticed that he was standing next to a large camera.”You! Why, we were making a film and you spoilt a whole afternoon’s work! You can stay in the water!”<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\nWhat was the weather like?
\nAnswer:
\nIt was a cold weather.<\/p>\n
\nWho was in the canoe?
\nAnswer:
\nA boy was in the canoe.<\/p>\n
\nWhen Robert heard the cry for help, he was
\n(a) still on the bridge.
\n(b) looking at the river.
\n(c) taking off his jacket.
\nAnswer:
\n(b) looking at the river.<\/p>\n
\nWhat did the boy do when Robert caught hold of him?
\nAnswer:
\nThe boy began to struggle and shout something at him.<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\nThe people on the boat
\n(a) laughed at Robert.
\n(b) did not speak to Robert.
\n(c) left Robert in the water.
\nAnswer:
\n(c) left Robert in the water.<\/p>\n
\nWhat had the people on the boat been doing?
\nAnswer:
\nThere were several people on board all staring in his direction. They were making a film.<\/p>\n
\nPick but the synonyms from the passage for the following words.
\n(a) Did not try
\n(b) Pulling
\n(c) Ruined
\nAnswer:
\n(a) hesitate
\n(b) dragging
\n(c) spoiled<\/p>\n
\nFill in the table with appropriate information given below:<\/p>\n\n\n
\n Time of Day<\/td>\n <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n \n Time of Year<\/td>\n <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n \n Places<\/td>\n <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n \n People<\/td>\n <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n \n Events<\/td>\n <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n
\nAnswer:
\nTime of day -Afternoon
\nTime of year – winter
\nplaces – A bridge, a river, a motor boat
\nPeople – Film makers, Robert, a boy.
\nEvents – Robert saved a boy, he spoilt a film shooting.<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\nName various natural fertilizers.
\nAnswer:
\nThe dung of farm animals, straw, vegetable wastes, grass cuttings and other degradable wastes are some of the natural fertilizers.<\/p>\n
\nAnswer:
\nRhizobium bacterium.<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\nThe phrase’anaerobic conditions’in the passage means
\n(a) absence of aerobics.
\n(b) absence of oxygen.
\n(c) excess of oxygen.
\nAnswer:
\n(b) absence of oxygen.<\/p>\n
\nWhat is the component used for fermentation?
\nAnswer:
\nYeast is the component used for fermentation.<\/p>\n
\nWhat are nodules?
\nAnswer:
\nIn plants, such as the legumes (beans, peas, soya etc) the roots have several swollen parts called \u201cNodules\u201d. Rhizobium bacterium live in these and convert nitnogen into nitrates.<\/p>\n
\nName any two degradable wastes.
\nAnswer:
\nThe dung of farm animals and straw.<\/p>\n
\nHow is biogas produced? Why is biogas a valuable fuel?
\nAnswer:
\nHuman and animal wastes and leafy waste from crops are broken down by bacteria in the absence of oxygen to produce methane or biogas. It is a valuable fuel for cooking and lighting.<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\nExplain the process of nitrogen fixation?
\nAnswer:
\nDifferent species of the Rhizobium bacterium live in nodules, the swellings in the roots of legumes and convert nitrogen into nitrates. This process is called nitrogen fixation.<\/p>\n
\nHow is raw sewage, a health hazard turned into a harmless and useful substance?
\nAnswer:
\nRaw sewage like feces and urine is a health hazard. Bacteria breakdown these raw sewage wastes into harmless and even useful substances.<\/p>\n
\nHow does a bread or cake turn soft?
\nAnswer:
\nYeast is added to the dough to produce carbon dioxide which makes the dough rise. Bread or cake made from the dough becomes soft and fluffy due to the gas.<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\nKamaladevi is remembered even today because,
\n(a) she was a romantic figure of the freedom struggle.
\n(b) her ideas are still relevant.
\n(c) she believed in egalitarian politics. .
\nAnswer:
\n(b) her ideas are still relevant.<\/p>\n
\nKamaladevi was a feminist long before feminism became fashionable. True\/ False.
\nAnswer:
\nTrue.<\/p>\n
\nAnswer:
\nGopala Krishna Gokhale and Ranade.<\/p>\n
\nAnswer:
\nKamaladevi demanded for a uniform civil code to promote gender justice and equality.<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\nShe considered system of mass production as a deathblow to traditional crafts.
\nAnswer:
\nWestern.<\/p>\n
\nMatch suitable words to the word ‘union’ and use in sentences of your own. (labourers, judge, trade, student, food)
\nAnswer:
\n(a) Labourers : Suresh is the union leader of the transport labourers.
\n(b) Trade : The trade union failed to negotiate with the Government.
\n(c) Student: A union of students went to the Principal and complained about their science teacher.<\/p>\n
\nRefer to a dictionary and find the meaning of the word ‘death blow’ .
\nAnswer:
\nDeath blow means an event that destroys or puts an end to something.<\/p>\n
\nChoose a synonym from the passage for the word’swadeshi’.
\nAnswer:
\nTraditional is a synonym for swadeshi, used in the passage.<\/p>\n
\nWhy did Kamaladevi have a deep association with labour unions?
\nAnswer:
\nBecause of her study on the abject situation of women working in the mining industry, it led to her deep association with labour unions.<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\nthere is no preference whatsoever given to artists due to their castes, says Govinda Prasad, an amateur artist for nearly 20 years and a doctor in Dakshina Kannada district.<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\nIn Yakshagana, the one who looks grander than others is the
\n(a) hero
\n(b) villain.
\n(c) bhagawatha.
\nAnswer:
\n(b) villain.<\/p>\n
\nAll roles in Yakshagana are played by women. (True \/ False)
\nAnswer:
\nFalse.<\/p>\n
\nWhat system is absent in Yakshagana?
\nAnswer:
\nCaste system is absent in Yakshagana.<\/p>\n
\nWhat does ‘mohiniattam’ mentioned in the passage, refer to?
\nAnswer:
\nIt refers to a dance form of Kerala.<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\nWhat does the word ‘Yaksha’ literally mean?
\nAnswer:
\nThe word Yaksha literally means demi-Gods.<\/p>\n
\nBesides being an amateur Yakshagana artist, Govinda Prasad is
\n(a) a teacher.
\n(b) a mechanic.
\n(c) a\u2018doctor.
\nAnswer:
\n(c) a doctor.<\/p>\n
\nIn Govinda Prasad’s view, caste a person from getting a particular role in
\nYakshagana.
\n(a) benefits
\n(b) hinders
\n(c) neither benefits nor hinders
\nAnswer:
\n(c) neither benefits nor hinders<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\nWhat does the word ‘myth’ mean? Refer to a dictionary and find out.
\nAnswer:
\nMyth means a traditional story from ancient times, to explain natural events or early history of people.<\/p>\n
\nMatch the words in column A with their synonyms in B.
\nA — B
\n1. defy — a. develop
\n2. typical — b. specific
\n3. thrive —\u00a0 c. characteristic
\n4. particular — d. deny
\nAnswer:
\n1 – d, 2 – c, 3 – a, 4 – b.<\/p>\n
\nChoose the correct noun form of the verb.<\/p>\n