{"id":24024,"date":"2020-02-24T11:28:07","date_gmt":"2020-02-24T05:58:07","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/kseebsolutions.guru\/?p=24024"},"modified":"2021-07-02T15:24:35","modified_gmt":"2021-07-02T09:54:35","slug":"2nd-puc-electronics-question-bank-chapter-5","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/kseebsolutions.guru\/2nd-puc-electronics-question-bank-chapter-5\/","title":{"rendered":"2nd PUC Electronics Question Bank Chapter 5 Operational Amplifiers(OP-Amp)"},"content":{"rendered":"

Students can Download 2nd PUC Electronics Chapter 5 Operational Amplifiers (OP-Amp) Questions and Answers, Notes Pdf, 2nd PUC Electronics Question Bank with Answers<\/a>\u00a0helps you to revise the complete Karnataka State Board Syllabus and score more marks in your examinations.<\/p>\n

Karnataka 2nd PUC Electronics Question Bank Chapter 5 Operational Amplifiers (OP-Amp)<\/h2>\n

2nd PUC Electronics Operational Amplifiers One Mark Questions and Answers<\/h3>\n

Question 1.
\nWhat is a differential amplifier?
\nAnswer:
\nDifferential amplifier is the amplifier which amplifies the difference between the input signals.<\/p>\n

Question 2.
\nWhat is an Op-amp?
\nAnswer:
\nOP-amp is a direct coupled high gain amplifier with large bandwidth.<\/p>\n

Question 3.
\nDraw the circuit symbol of Op-amp.
\nAnswer:
\n\"2nd<\/p>\n

Question 4.
\nList out any two characteristics of an ideal Op-amp.
\nAnswer:<\/p>\n

    \n
  • Infinite input impedance.<\/li>\n
  • Infinite open loop gain.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

    \"2nd<\/p>\n

    Question 5.
    \nList out any two characteristics of practical Op-amp.
    \nAnswer:<\/p>\n

      \n
    • Input impedance is few M\u03a9<\/li>\n
    • The open-loop gain is 105<\/sup>.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

      Question 6.
      \nWhat are the different kinds of packages of Op-amp?
      \nAnswer:<\/p>\n

        \n
      • Mono package.<\/li>\n
      • Dual package.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

        Question 7.
        \nDefine input off set voltage.
        \nAnswer:
        \nInput offset voltage is the small voltage that should be applied between two input terminals to\u00a0 make output voltage zero.<\/p>\n

        Question 8.
        \nDefine CMRR of an Op-amp.
        \nAnswer:
        \nCMRR is defined as the ratio of differential mode gain to common mode gain.<\/p>\n

        Question 9.
        \nDefine slew rate.
        \nAnswer:
        \nSlew rate is the maximum rate of change of output voltage when a large input signal is given to the closed loop amplifier.<\/p>\n

        Question 10.
        \nWhat do you mean by virtual ground with respect to an Op-amp?
        \nAnswer:
        \nZero voltage at the inverting terminal is called virtual ground.<\/p>\n

        Question 11.
        \nMention any two linear applications of Op-amp.
        \nAnswer:<\/p>\n

          \n
        • Inverting amplifier<\/li>\n
        • Non-inverting amplifier.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

          Question 12.
          \nMention any two non-linear applications of Op-amp.
          \nAnswer:<\/p>\n

            \n
          • Differentiator<\/li>\n
          • Integrator.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

            Question 13.
            \nWhat is an integrator?
            \nAnswer:
            \nIntegrator is a circuit whose output is proportional to intergral of its input.<\/p>\n

            \"2nd<\/p>\n

            Question 14.
            \nSketch the output of an integrator if input is a sin wave.
            \nAnswer:
            \n\"2nd<\/p>\n

            Question 15.
            \nSketch the output of an integrator if input is a square wave.
            \nAnswer:
            \n\"2nd<\/p>\n

            Question 16.
            \nWhat is logarithmic amplifier?
            \nAnswer:
            \nLogarithmic amplifier is a circuit whose output is proportional to natural logarithm of the input voltage.<\/p>\n

            Question 17.
            \nWhat is an active filter?
            \nAnswer:
            \nActive filters are circuits which make use of passive components such as resistors and active components such as op-amp for the selection of band of frequencies.<\/p>\n

            Question 18.
            \nWhat is a first-order low pass active filter?
            \nAnswer:
            \nIt is a single-stage RC filter circuit followed by an op-amp non-inverting amplifier.<\/p>\n

            Question 19.
            \nWhat is a second-order low pass active filter?
            \nAnswer:
            \nIt is a two-stage RC filter circuit followed by an op-amp non inverting amplifier.<\/p>\n

            \"2nd<\/p>\n

            Question 20.
            \nWrite any one application of logarithmic amplifier.
            \nAnswer:
            \nIt is used to multiply two input signals.<\/p>\n

            Question 21.
            \nWhat is a digital to analog converter?
            \nAnswer:
            \nA digital to analog converter is used for conversion of digital input into an analog output.<\/p>\n

            Question 22.
            \nWhat is analog to digital converter?
            \nAnswer:
            \nAn analog to digital converter is used for conversion of an analog input into a digital ouput.<\/p>\n

            Question 23.
            \nName any open loop application of an op – amp.
            \nAnswer:
            \nComparator.<\/p>\n

            Question 24.
            \nWhat is Comparator?
            \nAnswer:
            \nComparator compares one input of the op-amp with the other input of the op-amp.<\/p>\n

            Question 25.
            \nName any one application of Schmitt Trigger?
            \nAnswer:
            \nSchmitt Trigger is used to convert any periodically varying signal into a square wave.<\/p>\n

            2nd PUC Electronics Operational Amplifiers Two Marks Questions and Answers<\/h3>\n

            Question 1.
            \nName four modes of differential amplifiers.
            \nAnswer:<\/p>\n

              \n
            • Dual input and balanced output differential amplifier.<\/li>\n
            • Single input and single output differential amplifier.<\/li>\n
            • Dual input and unbalanced output differential amplifier.<\/li>\n
            • Single input and balanced output differential amplifier.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

              \"2nd<\/p>\n

              Question 2.
              \nDraw block diagram of op-amp.
              \nAnswer:
              \n\"2nd<\/p>\n

              Question 3.
              \nDefine slew rate of an op-amp.
              \nAnswer:
              \nSlew rate of an op-amp is the maximum rate of change of output voltage when a large input signal is given to the closed-loop amplifier.<\/p>\n

              Question 4.
              \nDraw the pin configuration of IC741.
              \nAnswer:
              \n\"2nd<\/p>\n

              Question 5.
              \nExplain virtual ground concept with respect to op amp.
              \nAnswer:
              \nIf VA<\/sub> and VB<\/sub> are the voltages at inverting and non-inverting terminals, then open-loop gain.
              \n\"2nd
              \nAs VB<\/sub> = 0 (as non-inverting terminal is grounded), VA<\/sub>=0.
              \nZero voltage at the inverting terminal is called virtual ground.<\/p>\n

              Question 6.
              \nWhat are the assumptions made for ideal op-amp characteristics?
              \nAnswer:
              \nInfinite open-loop gain, Infinite bandwidth, Infinite input impedance, Zero output impedance, infinite CMRR.<\/p>\n

              Question 7.
              \nMention some of the linear applications of op-amp.
              \nAnswer:
              \nInverting amplifier, non-inverting amplifier, op-amp summing amplifier, op-amp subtractor.<\/p>\n

              \"2nd<\/p>\n

              Question 8.
              \nMention some of non-linear applications of op-amps.
              \nAnswer:
              \nDifferentiator, Integrator, logarithmic amplifier.<\/p>\n

              Question 9.
              \nExplain how an ideal op-amp different from a practical op-amp?
              \nAnswer:<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
              Characteristics<\/strong><\/td>\nIdeal op amp<\/strong><\/td>\nPractical op – amp<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
              open loop gain<\/td>\n\u221e<\/td>\n105<\/sup><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
              Input impedance<\/td>\n\u221e<\/td>\nFew M \u03a9.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
              Output impedance<\/td>\n0<\/td>\nFew ohm.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
              Bandwidth<\/td>\n\u221e<\/td>\nFew MHz.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
              CMRR<\/td>\n\u221e<\/td>\n90 dB<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

              Question 10.
              \nThe gain of a buffer amplifier is unity. Explain.
              \nAnswer:
              \nOp amp buffer amplifier is a non-inverting amplifier where output terminal and the inverting input terminal are shorted.
              \n\"2nd<\/p>\n

              Question 11.
              \nList parameters of an ideal op amp and also write its values for 741 op amp.
              \nAnswer:<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
              Characteristics<\/strong><\/td>\nIdeal op amp<\/strong><\/td>\nPractical op amp<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
              open-loop gain<\/td>\n\u221e<\/td>\n105<\/sup><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
              Input impedance<\/td>\n\u221e<\/td>\nFew M Q.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
              Output impedance<\/td>\n0<\/td>\nFew ohm.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
              Bandwidth<\/td>\n\u221e<\/td>\nFew MHz.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
              CMRR<\/td>\n\u221e<\/td>\n90 dB<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
              Slew rate<\/td>\n\u221e<\/td>\no.5v\/ ps<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
              Input offeset voltage<\/td>\n0<\/td>\nFew mV.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

              \"2nd<\/p>\n

              Question 12.
              \nHow can you use an op-amp to invert a signal?
              \nAnswer:
              \nA signal can be inverted if it is applied to the inverting input terminal of the op-amp.
              \n\"2nd<\/p>\n

              Question 13.
              \nDraw the circuit diagram of a three input summing amplifier.
              \nAnswer:
              \n\"2nd<\/p>\n

              Question 14.
              \nDraw the circuit diagram of a subtractor.
              \nAnswer:
              \n\"2nd<\/p>\n

              Question 15.
              \nDraw the circuit diagram of a logarithmic amplifier.
              \nAnswer:
              \n\"2nd<\/p>\n

              Question 16.
              \nDraw the circuit diagram of an antilogarithmic amplifier.
              \nAnswer:
              \n\"2nd<\/p>\n

              Question 17.
              \nName any two types of digital to analog converter.
              \nAnswer:<\/p>\n

                \n
              • R-2R ladder network.<\/li>\n
              • Binary weighted resistor.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

                \"2nd<\/p>\n

                Question 18.
                \nDraw the block diagram of a binary-weighted resistance DAC.
                \nAnswer:
                \n\"2nd<\/p>\n

                Question 19.
                \nDraw the block diagram of the counting analog to digital converter.
                \nAnswer:
                \n\"2nd<\/p>\n

                Question 20.
                \nWhat is a zero crossing detector?
                \nAnswer:
                \nZero crossing detector is a circuit whose output voltage switches its state. This circuit can be used to convert sine waveform to square waveform.<\/p>\n

                Question 21.
                \nHow can you use an op amp as a comparator?
                \nAnswer:
                \n\"2nd
                \nIf a reference voltage V is given to one of the terminals and a varying signal to the other terminal, the comparator compares the varying signal with Vref and generates a digital output with two voltage states +Vsat<\/sub> and -Vsat<\/sub>.<\/p>\n

                Question 22.
                \nWhat is a Schmitt trigger?
                \nAnswer:
                \nIt is a comparator which compares the varying input signal with positive feedback voltage. It is used to convert any periodically varying signal into a square wave.<\/p>\n

                2nd PUC Electronics Operational Amplifiers Three Marks Questions and Answers<\/h3>\n

                Question 1.
                \nDraw and explain the block diagram of an op-amp.
                \nAnswer:
                \n\"2nd<\/p>\n

                  \n
                • Input stage is a diffrential amplifier which provides high CMRR, high input impedance and high voltage gain. The two input, are inverting and non-inverting input.<\/li>\n
                • Gain stage further increases the voltage gain of the input stage.<\/li>\n
                • DC level shifter will bring back the quiscent voltage to original level.<\/li>\n
                • Output stage is a complementary symmetry push-pull amplifier which has low output amplifier.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

                  \"2nd<\/p>\n

                  Question 2.
                  \nDraw the ac equivalent circuit of op-amp.
                  \nAnswer:
                  \n\"2nd<\/p>\n

                  Question 3.
                  \nWrite any three differences between ideal and practical op-amps.
                  \nAnswer:<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
                  Characteristics<\/td>\nIdeal opamp<\/td>\nPractical op-amp.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
                  Input impedance<\/td>\nInfinity<\/td>\nfew MQ.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
                  Output impedance<\/td>\n0<\/td>\nfew ohm.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
                  Bandwidth<\/td>\nInfinity<\/td>\nfew MHZ.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

                  Question 4.
                  \nDraw an inverting amplifier using an op-amp and derive the expression for its output. voltage.
                  \nAnswer:
                  \n\"\"
                  \n\"2nd
                  \nThe output of op-amp inverting amplifier is 180\u00b0 out of phase with respect to its input.<\/p>\n

                  Question 5.
                  \nDraw a non-inverting amplifier using op-amp and derive expression for its output voltage.
                  \nAnswer:
                  \n\"2nd
                  \nNon-inverting amplifier is the amplifier whose output is in phase with the input.
                  \nFor an ideal ap – amp,open loop gain, A = \u221e
                  \n\"2nd<\/p>\n

                  Question 6.
                  \nShow that on operational amplifer can be used as an inverting adder.
                  \nAnswer:
                  \n\"2nd
                  \nThus, an operational amplifier can be used as an inverter adder.<\/p>\n

                  \"2nd<\/p>\n

                  Question 7.
                  \nShow how an operational amplifier can be used as a subtractor.
                  \nAnswer:
                  \n\"2nd
                  \nOp – amp as subtractor.
                  \nThe output voltage V0<\/sub> = V2 <\/sub>– V1<\/sub><\/p>\n

                  Question 8.
                  \nWhat do you understand by unity gain voltage follower? Explain its gain term with a neat circuit diagram
                  \nAnswer:
                  \n\"2nd
                  \nVoltage follower is Obtained by shorting Rf<\/sub>. The output is directly fed to inverting input terminal. Output voltage V of non-inverting
                  \n\"2nd<\/p>\n

                  It is used as buffer amplifier for impedance matching.<\/p>\n

                  Question 9.
                  \nExplain how an operational amplifier can be used as an integrator.
                  \nAnswer:<\/p>\n

                  \"2nd
                  \nIntegrator is a circuit whose output is proportional to integral of its input.<\/p>\n

                  \"2nd<\/p>\n

                  Question 10.
                  \nExplain how an op -amp can be used as a differentiator
                  \nAnswer:
                  \n\"2nd
                  \nDifferentiator is a circuit whose output is proportional to derivative of its input.<\/p>\n

                  Question 11.
                  \nShow the circuit diagram by which we can obtain an output which is logarithm of the input.
                  \nAnswer:
                  \n\"2nd<\/p>\n

                  Question 12.
                  \nShow the circuit diagram by which we can obtain an output which is antilogarithm of the input.
                  \nAnswer:
                  \n\"2nd<\/p>\n

                  Question 13.
                  \nDraw the circuit diagram, frequency response and expression for cut off frequency for a first-order RC low pass active filter.
                  \nAnswer:
                  \n\"2nd
                  \n\"2nd<\/p>\n

                  \"2nd<\/p>\n

                  Question 14.
                  \nDraw the circuit diagram, frequency response and the expression for the cut frequency for first-order RC high pass filter.
                  \nAnswer:
                  \n\"2nd<\/p>\n

                  Question 15.
                  \nDraw a neat diagram of 4 bit R -2R ladder network DAC
                  \nAnswer:
                  \n\"2nd<\/p>\n

                  Question 16.
                  \nExplain with a neat circuit diagram the working of a binary weighted resistance DAC.
                  \nAnswer:
                  \n\"2nd
                  \nThe weighed resistors are connected to a summing amplifier to get output voltage. The output voltage is proportional to the digital inputs.<\/p>\n

                  Question 17.
                  \nExplain Zero crossing detector with circuit diagram and waveforms.
                  \nAnswer:
                  \n\"2nd<\/p>\n

                  The time-varying signal is applied to the non-inverting terminal and the inverting terminal is grounded. Every time Vn<\/sub> crosses Zero, V0<\/sub> switches its state. This circuit can be used to convert sinewave form into a square waveform.<\/p>\n

                  \"2nd<\/p>\n

                  Question 18.
                  \nShow how an operational amplifier can be used as a perfect adder.
                  \nAnswer:
                  \n\"2nd
                  \nThe output voltage V0<\/sub> = – (V1<\/sub> + V2<\/sub> + V3<\/sub>)<\/p>\n

                  2nd PUC Electronics Operational Amplifiers Five Marks Questions and Answers<\/h3>\n

                  Question 1.
                  \nWhat is a differential amplifier? Draw four modes of differential amplifier.
                  \nAnswer:
                  \nDifferential amplifier is a circuit which amplifies the difference of inputs applied to it.
                  \n\"2nd<\/p>\n

                  Dual input and balanced output differential Amplifier
                  \n\"2nd<\/p>\n

                  Single input and unbalanced output differncial amplifier
                  \n\"2nd<\/p>\n

                  Single input and balanced output differncial amplifier<\/p>\n

                  \"2nd<\/p>\n

                  Dual input and unbalanced output differential Amplifier<\/p>\n

                  \"2nd<\/p>\n

                  Question 2.
                  \nExplain with a neat circuit diagram, the working of dual input balanced output differential amplifier.
                  \nAnswer:
                  \n\"2nd
                  \nDual input balanced output differential amplifier. The working of dual input balanced output differential amplifier can be analysed using superposition theorem.<\/p>\n

                  Case(i): Consider Vn<\/sub> while grounding VB<\/sub>. Vn<\/sub> is input to transistor Q1<\/sub> at base and output Vo|<\/sub> is taken at the collector and hence Q1<\/sub>\u00a0acts as CE amplifier. V1<\/sub> is out of phase with respect to Vn<\/sub>. Q2<\/sub> acts as CB amplifier as input voltage V1<\/sub> which appears at emitter of Q2<\/sub> gets amplified and obtained at collector of Qr<\/sub> V2<\/sub> is in phase with V…<\/p>\n

                  Case(ii): Consider V2<\/sub>, while grounding V1<\/sub> .va<\/sub> is input to transistor Q2<\/sub> which acts as CE amplifier. The amplified output V02<\/sub> is out of phase with respect to input voltage V12<\/sub> which appears at emitter of Q, gets amplified and obtained at collector of Q, as V01<\/sub> which is in phase with Vi2<\/sub>.<\/p>\n

                  When both the input signals Vi1<\/sub> and Vi2<\/sub> are applied, the output voltage V0<\/sub> is measured between two collectors and voltage gain
                  \n\\(A_{v}=\\frac{V_{0}}{V_{i 1}-V_{i 2}}\\)<\/p>\n

                  Question 3.
                  \nWhat is operational amplifier? Write the properties of ideal op-amp and also draw its AC equivalent circuit.
                  \nAnswer:
                  \nThe operational amplifier is a direct-coupled high gain high bandwidth amplifier<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
                  Characteristics<\/strong><\/td>\nIdeal op amp<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
                  open loop gain<\/td>\n\u221e<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
                  Input impedance<\/td>\n\u221e<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
                  Output impedance<\/td>\n0<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
                  Bandwidth<\/td>\n\u221e<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
                  CMRR<\/td>\n\u221e<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
                  Stew rate<\/td>\n\u221e<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
                  Input offset voltage<\/td>\n0<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

                  \"2nd<\/p>\n

                  Question 4.
                  \nCompare the following terms relaled to a pratical op -amp in brief with respect to ideal op – amp.
                  \n(a) Bandwidth
                  \n(b) Slew rate
                  \n(c) Input offset voltage
                  \n(d) Common mode rejection ratio
                  \n(e) Open loop gain.
                  \nAnswer:<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
                  Characteritics<\/strong><\/td>\nIdeal op amp<\/strong><\/td>\nPractical op-amp.<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
                  Bandwidth<\/td>\n\u221e<\/td>\nFew MHZ<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
                  Slew rate<\/td>\n\u221e<\/td>\n0.5V\/us.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
                  Input offset voltage<\/td>\n0<\/td>\nFew mV.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
                  CMRR<\/td>\n\u221e<\/td>\n90 dB.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
                  Open loop gain<\/td>\n\u221e<\/td>\n10<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

                  \"2nd<\/p>\n

                  Question 5.
                  \nExplain virtual ground concept and also derive an expression for the output of an inverting adder.
                  \nAnswer:
                  \n\"2nd
                  \n\"2nd
                  \nEven though the inverting terminal is not grounded ,there exists Zero voltage at A Hence A is called virtual ground.
                  \n\"2nd
                  \n\"2nd
                  \n\"2nd<\/p>\n

                  The output is negative sum of input voltages.<\/p>\n

                  Question 6.
                  \nWith circuit diagram, show how to obtain an expression for the output which is logarithm of input
                  \nAnswer:
                  \n\"2nd
                  \n\"2nd<\/p>\n

                  \u2234 The output voltage is proportional to natural logarithm of input voltage.<\/p>\n

                  \"2nd<\/p>\n

                  Question 7.
                  \nWith circuit diagram, show how to obtain an output which is anti logarithm of input.
                  \nAnswer:
                  \n\"2nd
                  \n\"2nd<\/p>\n

                  Question 8.
                  \nWith circuit diagram, show how to obtain an output which is multiplication of two input signals.
                  \nAnswer:
                  \nLogarithmic and anti-logarithmic amplifiers are used to multiply two input signals.
                  \n\"2nd
                  \nThus, the final output obtained is proportional to the multiplication of two input signals.<\/p>\n

                  Question 9.
                  \nWhat do you understand by filters? Give its classification Draw the circuit diagram, frequency response and expression for the cut off frequency for a first order RC low pass filter.
                  \nAnswer:
                  \nFilter are circuits used to select a band of frequencies. The two types of filters are<\/p>\n

                    \n
                  • low pass filter and<\/li>\n
                  • high pass filter.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

                    \"2nd
                    \nCut off frequency \\(\\mathrm{f}_{C}=\\frac{1}{2 \\Pi \\mathrm{R}_{1} \\mathrm{C}_{1}}\\)
                    \nFrequency response of low pass filter<\/p>\n

                    \"2nd<\/p>\n

                    Question 10.
                    \nWith a neat diagram, explain the working of 4 bit R-2R ladder network DAC.
                    \nAnswer:
                    \n\"2nd
                    \nThe ladder network has R and 2R connected as shown. The binary inputs are switches which can be connected to either Vref<\/sub> = 16V (logic 1) or OV (logic 0).
                    \nThe output voltage Vout<\/sub> is generated depending on the input voltages at the switches.
                    \nUsing superposition theorem, output voltage generated for more than one switch at logic 1 is addition of voltages due to the individual switches.<\/p>\n

                    The voltage developed at the output of ladder network is proportional to the binary inputs. This voltage is fed to the voltage follower circuit using op-amp and V ut<\/sub> is obtained.<\/p>\n

                    Question 11.
                    \nWith a block diagram and waveforms, explain the working of the counting analog to digital converter.
                    \nAnswer:
                    \nThis type of ADC has a comparator, binary counter, DAC and AND gate.
                    \n\"2nd
                    \nThe counter is reset to Zero count by the clear pulse. The counter counts based on number of pulses received by the clock signal. The binary output of counter is used as input to digital to analog converter, whose output is staircase waveform, is continuously compared with analog input signal by the comparator.<\/p>\n

                    If analog input VA<\/sub> is greater than output V0<\/sub> of DAC, the comparator produces a high signal. This makes AND gate open for transmission of clock pulses to the counter.<\/p>\n

                    If DAC output exceeds the analog input VA<\/sub>, the comparator generates a low signal and AND gate is disabled. This stops the counter when VA<\/sub> = V0<\/sub> and the output of the counter is the digital equivalent to the analog input voltage.<\/p>\n

                    Question 12.
                    \nWith neat circuit diagrams and waveforms explain the applications of a comparator.
                    \nAnswer:
                    \nThe two applications of comparator are Zero crossing detector.
                    \n\"2nd<\/p>\n

                    A time-varying signal is applied to the non-inverting terminal, and inverting terminal is grounded.
                    \nIf Vin<\/sub>\u00a0> 0,V0<\/sub> = + Vsat<\/sub>
                    \nIf Vin<\/sub> < 0,V0<\/sub> = + Vsat<\/sub>
                    \nEvery time Vin crosses Zero level, V switches its state. Hence it is called Zero crossing detector. It is also used to convert a sine waveform to a square waveform. Input and output waveforms of Zero crossing detector.
                    \n\"2nd<\/p>\n

                    2. Schmitt Trigger
                    \n\"2nd
                    \n\"2nd
                    \nThe reference voltage Vref <\/sub>is a fraction of the output voltage which id feedback to
                    \nnon – inventing terminal
                    \nIf Vin<\/sub> >Vref<\/sub>,V0<\/sub> = + Vsat<\/sub>
                    \nIf Vin<\/sub> < Vref<\/sub>,V0<\/sub> = + Vsat<\/sub>
                    \nThis circuit does not respond to triggering due to the noise. Schmitt trigger can be used to convert any periodically varying signal into a square wave.<\/p>\n

                    \"2nd<\/p>\n

                    Problems with Solutions<\/span><\/p>\n

                    Question 1.
                    \nCalculate output voltage if V1<\/sub> = V2<\/sub> = 0.15V.
                    \n\"2nd
                    \nAnswer:
                    \n\"2nd<\/p>\n

                    Question 2.
                    \nDetermine output voltage when V1<\/sub> = -V2<\/sub> = 1V.
                    \n\"2nd
                    \nAnswer:
                    \n\"2nd<\/p>\n

                    Question 3.
                    \nCalculate the output voltage if V1<\/sub> = -0.2V and V2<\/sub> = 0.1V.
                    \n\"2nd
                    \nAnswer:
                    \n\"2nd<\/p>\n

                    \"2nd<\/p>\n

                    Question 4.
                    \nDetermine the output voltage for this circuit when a sinusoidal input of 2.5 mV is applied.
                    \n\"2nd
                    \nAnswer:
                    \n\"2nd<\/p>\n

                    Question 5.
                    \nCalculate the input voltage if the final output is 10.08V
                    \n\"2nd
                    \nAnswer:
                    \n\"2nd<\/p>\n

                    \"2nd<\/p>\n

                    Question 6.
                    \nCalculate the output voltage of the following circuit when V = 25m V?
                    \n\"2nd
                    \nAnswer:
                    \n\"2nd<\/p>\n

                    Question 7.
                    \nCalculate the output voltage if V1<\/sub> = V2<\/sub> = 700mV.
                    \n\"2nd
                    \nAnswer:
                    \n\"2nd<\/p>\n

                    Question 8.
                    \nCalculate output voltage if V1<\/sub>= 300 mV, V2<\/sub> = 700mV.
                    \n\"2nd
                    \nAnswer:
                    \n\"2nd
                    \n\"2nd<\/p>\n

                    \"2nd<\/p>\n

                    Question 9.
                    \nCalculate the input voltage for this circuit if V0<\/sub> = -11V.
                    \n\"2nd
                    \nAnswer:
                    \n\"2nd<\/p>\n

                    Question 10.
                    \nCalculate the input voltage when Vn<\/sub> = 11V.
                    \n\"2nd
                    \nAnswer:
                    \n\"2nd
                    \n\"2nd<\/p>\n

                    Question 11.
                    \nCalculate the output voltage.
                    \n\"2nd
                    \nAnswer:
                    \n\"2nd<\/p>\n

                    \"2nd<\/p>\n

                    Question 12.
                    \nCalculate cut-off frequency of a first order low pass filter for R1<\/sub>= 2.5K\u03a9 C1<\/sub> = 0.05\u03bcF.
                    \nAnswer:
                    \n\"2nd<\/p>\n

                    Question 13.
                    \nDetermine the output voltage when V1<\/sub> = -V2<\/sub> = – 1 V.
                    \n\"2nd
                    \nAnswer:
                    \n\"2nd<\/p>\n

                    Question 14.
                    \nHow many op-amps are required to implement this equation:
                    \n\"2nd
                    \nAnswer:
                    \nOne op-amp.<\/p>\n

                    Question 15.
                    \nThe output of an op-amp adder is to be V0<\/sub> = 3V1 <\/sub>– 2V2 <\/sub>+ 5.5V3<\/sub> If the value of the feedback resistor is 30k\u03a9, find the values of R1<\/sub>, R2<\/sub> and R3<\/sub>
                    \nAnswer:
                    \n\"2nd
                    \n\"2nd<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

                    Students can Download 2nd PUC Electronics Chapter 5 Operational Amplifiers (OP-Amp) Questions and Answers, Notes Pdf, 2nd PUC Electronics Question Bank with Answers\u00a0helps you to revise the complete Karnataka State Board Syllabus and score more marks in your examinations. Karnataka 2nd PUC Electronics Question Bank Chapter 5 Operational Amplifiers (OP-Amp) 2nd PUC Electronics Operational Amplifiers …<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":5,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[82],"tags":[],"jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"jetpack_featured_media_url":"","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/kseebsolutions.guru\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/24024"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/kseebsolutions.guru\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/kseebsolutions.guru\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kseebsolutions.guru\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/5"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kseebsolutions.guru\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=24024"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/kseebsolutions.guru\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/24024\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/kseebsolutions.guru\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=24024"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kseebsolutions.guru\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=24024"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kseebsolutions.guru\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=24024"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}