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Karnataka State Syllabus Class 10 Social Science Geography Chapter 11 Indian Natural Disasters
Class 10 Social Science Indian Natural Disasters Textual Questions and Answers
I. Fill in the blanks with suitable answer
Question 1.
The most destructive atmospheric disaster is ……………
Answer:
Tropical cyclones.
Question 2.
In India the eastern coast is more prone to ……………….
Answer:
Cyclones.
Question 3.
In peninsular India ………… occur occasionally.
Answer:
earthquake.
Question 4.
In India ……………. occur very aften in hilly states.
Answer:
landslides.
Question 5.
Coastal erosion is mostly caused by ………. action.
Answer:
sea waves, ocean currents.
II. Discuss in groups and answer the following.
Question 1.
What are natural disarters? Give example?
Answer:
The natural hazards which create widespread destruction are known as natural disasters.
Eg: earthquakes, volcanoes, landslides.
Question 2.
What are floods? Mention the natural causes of floods?
Answer:
Floods refer to the inundation of land by river water. It is recurring disaster in India. One part of the country or the other has to face floods almost every year.
Causes of floods:
- Floods are caused by both natural and man made factors.
- The natural factors include heavy rainfall, melting snow, tropical cyclones, cloud burst, blockage of the free flow of river water and silting river beds, etc.
- The man made causes are deforestation, faulty irrigation and agricultural practices, breaching of barrages and rapid urbanization.
Question 3.
Wliat is a cyclone? Mention their major effects.
Answer:
If the wind blows spirally inwards towards the centre of low pressure it is called a cyclone.
Effects of cyclone: Tropical cyclones are very destructive to causes loss of life and property, damage to buildings, transports and communication system, disrupt power supply, destroy crops, vegetation, animals etc.
Question 4.
Explain the causes and effects of landslides.
Answer:
Causes of landslides
- Natural forces: Undercutting of the slope as in sea wave erosion of a sea cliff, earthquakes and heavy rainfall.
- Human forces: Deforestation, construction of roads, railway lines, dams and water reservoirs, hydel power projects, mining, quarrying, etc.
Effects of landslides:
- Blocking of roads, railway lines.
- Burying of human settlements and vegetation.
- Loss of life and property, etc. Roads blocking is a very common problem.
Question 5.
Write about the causes and distribution of coastal erosion in India.
Answer:
Causes and Distribution: Coastal erosion is mostly caused by sea waves and ocean currents. In India the causes are:
(i) Monsoon winds
(ii) Tropical cyclones and
(iii) Tsunamis.
i) The South West Monsoon: These winds causes intensive coastal erosion along the west coast of India.During this season the coasts of Gujarat, Maharashtra, Goa, Karnataka, Kerala, Tamil Nadu are largely affected by coastal erosion.
ii) Tropical cyclone: These winds are destructive and mostly occur during the North-East Monsoon season over the Bay of Bengal. They cause serious coastal erosion along the east coast of India including the coastal areas of Tamil Nadu, Andhra Pradesh and Odisha.
iii) Tsunamis: These are large waves generated by earthquakes. Coastal erosion occurs due to tsunamis in India. Andaman – Nicobar Islands and the east coast of India have been affected by Tsunamis.
Question 6.
Mention the precautionary measures to be taken to reduce the effects of earthquakes.
Answer:
Precautionary measures to be taken to reduce the effects of earthquakes are:
- Avoid human settlements in the earthquake-prone zones.
- Follow earthquake-resistant designs for the construction of buildings.
- Use building materials of high quality and avoid high rise buildings.
- Restrict the over groundwater mining.
- Restrict urban growth in the hilly areas with high seismic vulnerability.
- Avoid the construction of large dams and reservoirs.
- Stop deforestation and heavy quarrying activities.
Besides post-disaster measures after earthquakes are also essential i.e relief, recovery, rehabilitation.
III. Activity:
Question 1.
Draw an outline map of India and mark the flood-prone areas and cyclone-prone areas.
Answer:
Class 10 Social Science Indian Natural Disasters Additional Questions and Answers
Question 1.
In India most of the tropical cyclones develop in the ……………….
Answer:
Bay of Bengal.
Question 2.
Floods are caused by both natural ……………… and factors.
Answer:
Man-made.
Question 3.
Sea waves strike the coasts with ………………
Answer:
great force.
Question 4.
………….. and ……………… are one main cause for coastal erosion.
Answer:
Removal of sands construction break water.
Question 5.
The peninsular zone is known as ……………….
Answer:
Zone of the minimum intensity of an earthquake.
Multiple Choice Questions:
Question 1.
Blocking of roads, railway lines, hurrying of human settlements and vegetation can cause
a) Land erosion
b) Landslides
c) Scarcity of rain
d) Deforestation
Answer:
b) Landslides.
Question 2.
The human activity which can cause a landslide
a) Borewells
b) Construction of Buildings
c) Mining
d) Irrigation
Answer:
c) Mining.
Question 3.
In Uttar Pradesh, the tributaries of cause floods on a regular basis.
a) Gandak
b) Ganga
c)Brahmaputra
d) Indus
Answer:
b) Ganga.
Question 4.
The Brahmaputra and its tributaries cause floods in
a) Assam
b) West Bengal
c) Sikkim
d) Bihar
Answer:
a) Assam.
Question 5.
These trees can be grown along the coastline to check the impact of cyclonic winds
a) Coastal forests
b) Mangrove forests
c) Monsoon forests
d) Mountain forests
Answer:
b) Mangrove forests
Question 6.
Narmada and Tapi river basins are facing this natural disaster
a) Floods
b) Cyclones
c) Landslides
d) Coastal Erosion
Answer:
a) Floods
Question 7.
Slope reduction, prevention of rockfalls along highways there are preventive measures of
a) Cyclones
b) Floods
c) Landslides
d) Coastal Erosion
Answer:
c) Landslides
Two Marks Questions
Question 1.
Which are the main reasons for cyclones?
Answer:
The most ideal conditions for the origin and development of Tropical cyclones are
- High temperature.
- Calm air and
- Highly saturated air.
Question 2.
Which are the preventive measures of cyclones?
Answer:
- Cyclones are natural phenomena. We cannot prevent them.
- People can pay heed to the warnings.
- They should keep in touch with radio, television and other communicative lines.
- Temporary shelters should be provided during cyclones.
- Cyclone’s proof structures can be constructed.
- Mangrove forests and other deep-rooted trees can be grown along the coastline to check the impact of cyclone winds.
Question 3.
Which are the preventive measures of landslides?
Answer:
- Slope reduction, prevention of rock falls along highways and other slope.
- Avoiding of mining and quarrying activities near steep slopes and human settlement and buildings.
- There should be massive reforestation, etc steps to reduce the occurrence of landslides.
Question 4.
Write the effects of coastal erosion.
Answer:
Coastal erosion is one of the natural disasters.
- Coastal areas including trees and building can be washed away.
- The roads, railways, bridges, etc along the coast can be damaged.
- Coastal areas can remain flooded over a long period of time requiring resettlement of people.
Question 5.
Which are the causes for Earthquakes?
Answer:
- Earthquake occur due to several causes such as plate movements.
- Volcanic eruption.
- Faulting and folding.
- Landslides.
- Collapse of underground cave roofs.
- Hydrostatic pressure of man made water bodies like reservoirs, etc.
- In India most of the earthquakes that have occurred earlier were due to plate movement.
Question 6.
Which are the three major earthquake zones of India?
Answer:
There are three major earthquake zones in India.
- The Himalayan Zone.
- The Indo – Gangetic zone.
- The Peninsular zone.
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