2nd PUC English Textbook Answers Springs Chapter 6 When You Are Old

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Karnataka 2nd PUC English Textbook Answers Springs Chapter 6 When You Are Old

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When You Are Old Questions and Answers, Notes, Summary

When You are Old Comprehension I

When You Are Old Notes KSEEB Solution Question 1.
The speaker is addressing
a. a young woman he has loved
b. an old woman that he has met now
c. the woman that he has admired in his life.
Answer:
(a) a young woman he has loved.

When You Are Old Questions And Answers KSEEB Solution Question 2.
Inline two, the word ‘book’ refers to
a. memories
b. book of poems
c. an album
d. diary.
Answer:
(a) memories.

When You Are Old Poem Questions And Answers KSEEB Solution Question 3.
The words ‘glad grace’ suggest
a. her physical beauty
b. her inner beauty
c. her goodness.
Answer:
(a) her physical beauty.

When You Are Old Summary 2nd Puc KSEEB Solution Question 4.
‘Pilgrim soul’ means the soul
a. which is immortal
b. that has gone on a pilgrimage
c. which is questing for true love.
Answer:
(c) which is questing for true love.

When You Are Old Summary KSEEB Solution Question 5.
What does the phrase ‘your changing face’ suggest?
Answer:
It suggests that her youth and beauty will fade away. When she grows old her face will get shrunk and will look different.

When You Are Old Class 8 Question Answer KSEEB Solution Question 6.
‘Love fled’ connotes
a. the death of the man who loved her
b. the fleeing of her lover to the mountains
c. the loss endured by her.
Answer:
(b) the fleeing of her lover to the mountains.

When You Are Old Comprehension II

When You Are Old 2nd Puc Notes KSEEB Solution Question 1.
How is the ‘one-man’ different from the many others who loved the lady?
OR
How does the speaker distinguish/contrast his love from/with that of the others?
Answer:
The narrator/speaker asks his lady love to presume that she has grown old and grey and is sitting by the fire nodding. Then he asks her to read from her book of memories and reminisce her past when she was in her prime youth. While she is thus engaged in recalling her past, the poet reminds her that though she undoubtedly had a great many suitors who admired her beauty and elegance and professed ‘love’ which may be true or false, he alone loved her unconditionally.

He says that he loved her inner beauty and even the fading away of her youth and beauty. The phrase ‘how many’ in the first line (second stanza) stands in contrast to ‘But one man’, in the third line (second stanza). While many suitors loved her beauty and elegance, he alone loved her pilgrim soul as well as the sorrows of her changing face.

Question 2.
How does the poem bring out the transient nature of beauty as against the permanence of love?
Answer:
Yes. The poem, while making an attempt to persuade the young lady not to ignore him or his love, also incidentally highlights the transient nature of beauty as against the permanence of love. In fact, the speaker’s argument is that, whereas all her suitors are merely attracted by her youthful beauty and elegance, he is attracted by her pilgrim soul. Furthermore, he claims that the love exhibited by her many suitors may not last long and might change as she grows old.

On the contrary, his love will remain constant and unconditional. He would love her ‘pilgrim soul’ as well as the changes in her face which appear as one grows old. Thus, the poet, using the phrase ‘your moments of glad grace’ in the first line of the second stanza in contrast with the phrase ‘sorrows of your changing face’ in the fourth line suggests that ‘beauty’ is transient in nature whereas ‘love’ is permanent.

When You Are Old Comprehension III

Question 1.
Comment on the usage of the time frame by the poet in ‘When You Are Old’.
OR
‘The speaker addresses a young lady in her old age’. Comment on the time sequence used by the poet.
OR
The speaker in ‘When You Are Old’ is not addressing an old lady. Explain.
Answer:
‘When You Are Old’ is a short love poem in which the poet uses a time frame in which the speaker addresses his lady love in the present, takes her to an unreal condition in the future, and asks her to recall her past memories. He does so, in order to persuade her or warn her not to ignore him and make a wrong decision.

The poet’s point of view is the most compelling point of the poem. The narrator is calling upon a woman that is not yet through with youth to, once past her prime, recall the days he was in her life and very much in love with her. Obviously, he wants her to remember him for his unique and unconditional love for her, and how she is choosing to ignore it in the present. By writing this poem in this fashion, the woman, when the poet hopes that she grows old, will remember the days when she was young with happiness but will grow regretful that she did not take advantage of his love.

Alternatively, the woman, in the present will see what an opportunity she is missing by ignoring his love for her and leaving him to fade into the past. The speaker fears that his lady love will not act upon his love for her and that she will only remember him in the book of memories. He hopes that if, once old, she puts down the book of memories, she will grow chilly and sorrowful that she did not foresee how steadfast his love was but how foolish she was for taking no notice of it. He is already fearful that she will grow old without him, and this can be seen as he requests that she remember him a ‘little sadly’ and as a missed chance to have a happy future.

It is the time frame that the poet has used in this poem that facilitates the poet to write this sad and reminiscent poem which is not designed primarily to make an old woman regretful, but to keep a young woman from ignoring the narrator and making the wrong decision.

Question 2.
‘When You Are Old’ is a poem of contrasts. What purpose do they serve?
Answer:
‘When You Are Old’ was written to show the true and unforgettable love from the writer. The theme is a painful one of unrequited love, which the poet manipulates in an interesting manner. Instead of focusing upon the present or the past, Yeats looks to the future, a future in which the two people in the poem are destined to be forever apart. The poet visualizes an unreal condition that the woman he loved became old and felt regret for refusing his true love.

To depict such a theme, the poet deploys elegant and quiet words and builds pictures of contrasts:
In the first stanza, there is a contrast between her elegant youth and her depressing old age. In the second stanza, there is a contrast between her many suitors who professed superficial love and the speaker or the lover who promises true love for her. In the third stanza, there is a contrast between the fleeting or transient love represented by her many suitors and the personified love of the poet.

There is a contrast between ‘the sorrows of your changing face’ in the second stanza and ‘murmur a little sadly’ of the third stanza. ‘The sorrows’ indicate passion or strong emotion is seen in young people and ‘little sadly’ reflects the listlessness of old people. There is a contrast between the ‘beauty and elegance’ sans her soul sought after by the suitors and the ‘pilgrim soul’ in the same lady cherished by the speaker. The many suitors who wanted to court her were attracted by her superficial beauty whereas this lover/speaker was attracted by her pilgrim soul, which symbolizes her inner self. These contrasts serve to build a strong argument to persuade the young lady not to ignore him now and regret later.

When You Are Old Additional Questions and Answers

I. Answer the following questions in a word, a phrase, or a sentence each:

Question 1.
To whom is the poem ‘When You Are Old’ addressed?
Answer:
To a young lady with whom the speaker is deeply in love.

Question 2.
What does the speaker want his beloved to do sitting by the fire?
OR
What does the speaker want his beloved to do when she is old?
Answer:
The speaker wants his beloved to sit by the fire and reminisce her memories of the past

Question 3.
Where, according to the speaker, had love hidden his face?
Answer:
According to the speaker, ‘love’ had hidden his face amid a crowd of stars.

Question 4.
Who, according to the speaker, will be‘nodding by the fire’?
Answer:
The speaker depicts his lady love as an old woman sitting beside the fire, nodding her head.

Question 5.
What does the speaker suggest his beloved to dream of?
Answer:
When she is old and grey, the speaker wants his beloved to dream of the soft look her eyes once had and the deep shadows they now have.

Question 6.
What does ‘the sorrows of your changing face’ refer to?
Answer:
The sorrows of your changing face’ refer to the changes seen in her face as she grows older. Her face will have shrunk and wrinkles will have appeared on her forehead and face depicting the difficulties and sorrows faced by her over the years.

Question 7.
According to the speaker, in what way is his love for the lady different from that of others?
Answer:
While many suitors loved her beauty and elegance, he alone loved her pilgrim soul as well as the sorrows of her changing face.

Question 8.
Mention any one aspect that the speaker loved in his beloved.
Answer:
The speaker loved her ‘inner beauty’ and her ‘pilgrim soul’.

Question 9.
According to the speaker, what will the woman regret in her old age?
Answer:
The woman will regret that she had rejected the speaker’s, true love.

Question 10.
What is meant by’pilgrim soul’?
Answer:
The phrase ‘pilgrim soul’ means the soul which is in quest of ‘true love’.

Question 11.
What look did the woman’s eyes have once in ’When You Are Old’?
Answer:
Soft look.

Question 12.
The speaker in ‘When You Are Old’ addresses
(a) a young lady
(b) an old lady
(c) a little girl.
Answer:
(a) a young lady.

Question 13.
When, according to the speaker in ‘When You Are Old’, will the lady be ‘grey and full of sleep’?
Answer:
According to the speaker in ‘When You are Old’, the lady will be grey and full of sleep when she sits nodding by the fire.

Question 14.
According to the speaker in ‘When You Are Old’, what did many admire the lady for?
Answer:
According to the speaker in ‘When You are Old’, many suitors were mesmerized by her beauty and elegance.

Question 15.
In the poem “When You Are Old’ many loved the lady’s
(a) huge wealth
(b) physical beauty
(c) pilgrim soul.
Answer:
(b) physical beauty.

Question 16.
Who, according to the speaker in ‘When You Are Old’, loved the beloved’s pilgrim soul?
Answer:
According to the speaker in ‘When You are Old’, it was he (the speaker) who loved her pilgrim soul.

Question 17.
Whose pilgrim soul did the speaker in ‘When You Are Old’ love?
Answer:
The speaker in ‘When You are Old’, loved the pilgrim soul of a young lady whom he is addressing in the poem and whose beauty and elegance mesmerized many suitors.

Question 18.
What did the speaker in “When You Are Old’ love besides the pilgrim soul?
Answer:
The speaker in ‘When You are Old’, loved the pilgrim soul, as well as the changes that appeared in her face as she grew older.

Question 19.
Who, according to the speaker in ‘When You Are Old’, fled and hid his face?
Answer:
According to the speaker in ‘When You are Old’, ‘Love’ (personified ‘love’] fled and hid his face.

Question 20.
Where, according to the speaker in ‘When You Are Old’, did love pace upon?
Answer:
According to the speaker in ‘When You are Old’, ‘Love’ paced upon the mountains for a while and then disappeared.

Question 21.
What, according to the speaker in ‘When You Are Old’, did love hide amid a crowd of stars?
Answer:
According to the speaker in ‘When You are Old’, ‘Love’ (personified love) hid his face amid a crowd of stars.

Question 22.
The speaker loved the _____ of his beloved’s changing face in ‘When You Are Old’.
(a) grace
(b) sorrows
(c) soft look.
Answer:
(b) sorrows.

Question 23.
In ‘When You Are Old’, the speaker suggests to his beloved to slowly read his book when she is
(a) glad
(b) old
(c) proud.
Answer:
(b) old.

II. Answer the following questions in a paragraph of 80-100 words each:

Question 1.
Why does the poet ask his beloved to reflect upon the bygone days and the present moment?
OR
What does the speaker in When You Are Old’suggest to his beloved to reflect upon?
Answer:
The poet asks his beloved to reflect upon the bygone days and the present moment because he seems to be apprehensive that she will continue to ignore him, her beauty will vanish soon and she will be alone in her old age. That is why he is asking her to presume that she has grown old and grey and try to foresee her predicament in the future. He does so because he intends to persuade her to pay attention to his ‘value’ as a lover before it is too late.

Question 2.
Examine the theme of opposing stability of true love and the fickleness of false love in the light of the poem.
OR
How does the speaker express his longing for his beloved?
OR
Whose love in ‘When You Are Old’ is true and intense? Explain.
OR
How does the speaker in ‘When You Are Old’ bring out his love for his beloved against the changing circumstances and ravages of time?
Answer:
‘When You Are Old’ presents the moral dilemma faced by a sincere lover. The speaker/narrator is the sincere lover and his lady love is the one who is going to make a decision. The lady has attracted many suitors including the speaker. The speaker believes that the other suitors only love her physical charms, and not all of them are sincere in their love towards her. He means to say that they are fickle-minded and once she loses her charms they will desert her. On the other hand, he believes that he loves her truly and according to him true love is the love of the inner self and has a spiritual aspect in it. But, the lady has not responded to his love.

He feels frustrated and as a last attempt, he tries to tell her the reality. He wants her to realize that physical beauty is transient and love of the fickle-minded will also be transient. He wants to assure her that only his love will be stable and if she ignores him and makes a wrong decision she will regret it later. Thus the speaker tries to persuade his lover to make the right decision and receive his love, which is true and intense.

Question 3.
How does the poet express his feelings for his love in the poem?
OR
How is love that is not reciprocated by the speaker’s beloved expressed in the poem?
Answer:
The poet asks his love, who is still young, to imagine a time when she is past her prime youth. She would then be an old woman with grey hair and sleepy eyes. When she is in such a state, he wants her to read a book of memories from her youth. As the woman sits beside the fire, nodding her head and leaves through her memories, she would recollect the ‘soft looks’ she once had and the sorrows she had suffered until then. When she recalls her faded beauty she would also recall how she was admired by many suitors who were infatuated with her physical charms. At the same time, she would also recall how there was one man who loved her unique soul which was in search of true love. She would also realize that her true love has lingered on for a while, disappeared from the earth and hid amidst a crowd of stars in heaven.

Question 4.
The poem ’When You are Old’highlights the feelings of a true lover. Explain.
OR
How is the speaker’s passionate love for his beloved brought out in the poem?
Answer:
‘When You are Old’ highlights the writer’s true and unforgettable love for a lady. It presents the concern of sincere love for the future predicament of his lady love. Instead of focusing upon the present or the past, the poet looks to the future, a future in which the two people in the poem are destined to be forever apart. The poet imagines that the woman he loved has become old and regrets her refusing his true love.

The poem begins with the presumption that an old and grey lady is sitting beside the fire nodding her head. When she recalls her memories, she remembers the soft look that her eyes had once, and the number of suitors who tried to court her, being charmed by her elegance and beauty. While admitting that many suitors were attracted by her youthful beauty, the speaker tries to tell her that he was the only lover who loved the pilgrim soul in her.

He wants her to know that unlike others he was attracted by the beauty of her inner self and his love would remain constant even in her old age. He assures her that he loves even the sorrows of her changing face. He wants her to understand that over a period of time her beauty will have faded away and she will have grown old, with her face having shrunk and her skin has been wrinkled, indicating that she has passed through many difficulties and sorrows.

The speaker concludes visualizing that she is now bending down beside the dying fire, and she tells herself in a whisper, in a regretful tone that her true love has fled and is hiding his face amidst a crowd of stars. Thus, the whole poem is the delineation of the intense feelings of a true lover.

III. Answer the following questions in about 200 words each:

Question 1.
The poem ‘When You Are Old’ conveys the message that true love is indestructible and constant. Elucidate.
OR
The poem ‘When You Are Old’ brings out the feelings of eternal love. Explain.
OR
‘True love is related to the soul but not to the physical beauty’. How is this idea brought out in the poem ‘When You Are Old’?
OR
Whose love in ‘When You Are Old’ is immortal? How does the poem present this?
Answer:
‘When You Are Old’ depicts the frustration and anxiety of a sincere lover. At the same time, it also presents the concern of sincere love for the future predicament of his lady love.

The lover’s frustration and anxiety for her future find expression only because his love is genuine and constant. Though she has not responded to his ‘love’, the lover does not want to give up his attempts to persuade her. He tries to place before her a realistic, projected picture of her future only because he knows that she will be old, infirm, and companionless as years roll by. Furthermore, the poet seems to understand that she is not a flirt and a worldly lady who loves to indulge in the pleasures of life but one who has also been looking for someone who really loves her inner self more than her physical charms. Only someone who has a similar state of mind, and beliefs, and who is also yearning for a spiritual union with his lady love alone can write so.

From this, one can infer that true love is indestructible and constant. Had the speaker been interested in her physical charms only he would not have bothered to foresee his own future as well as the predicament of his lady love some twenty years hence. Thus it can be argued that the poem ‘When You Are Old’ conveys the message that true love is indestructible and constant and is not influenced by the vicissitudes of fortune.

Question 2.
“But one man loved the pilgrim soul in you”. How does the speaker justify this?
OR
How does the poem distinguish the speaker’s love from that of others?
Answer:
‘When You are Old’ is a love poem in which the poet addresses his lady love in the present, takes her to an unreal condition in the future, and asks her to recall her past memories. He does so, in order to persuade her or warn her not to ignore him and make a wrong decision. This timeframe is the most compelling point of the poem because he wants her to remember him for his unique and unconditional love for her.

The poet compares himself as a suitor with other suitors. He says, ‘but one man loved the pilgrim soul in you’. He tries to distinguish himself from all the other suitors who tried to woo her. He argues that all the other suitors were only attracted by her physical and external beauty and naturally they would be put off by her looks of old age and might stop showing any interest in her. On the other hand, unlike other suitors, he loved her not for her physical beauty but for her ‘pilgrim soul’.

The word ‘pilgrim soul’ has a reference to the biblical belief that every soul is a pilgrim on the way to salvation and redemption. The speaker, by referring to this aspect of the beloved rather than to her beauty and fame, seeks oneness with the inner spiritual self and not the external self.

Question 3.
‘When You Are Old’ makes the ‘beloved’ look back on her youth. Discuss.
Answer:
‘When You Are Old’ is a short love poem in which the poet uses a time frame in which the speaker addresses his lady love in the present, takes her to an unreal condition in the future, and asks her to recall her past memories. He does so in order to persuade her or warn her not to ignore him and make a wrong decision.

The poet’s point of view is the most compelling point of the poem. The narrator is calling upon a woman who is not yet through with youth to, once past her prime, recall the days he was in her life and very much in love with her. Obviously, he wants her to remember him for his unique and unconditional love for her, and how she is choosing to ignore it in the present. By writing this poem in this fashion, the woman, when the poet hopes that she grows old, will remember the days when she was young with happiness but will grow regretful that she did not take advantage of his love.

Alternatively, the woman, in the present will see what an opportunity she is missing by ignoring his love for her and leaving him to fade into the past. The speaker fears that his lady love will not act upon his love for her and that she will only remember him in the book of memories. He hopes that if, once old, she puts down the book of memories, she will grow chilly and sorrowful that she did not foresee how steadfast his love was but how foolish she was for taking no notice of it. He is already fearful that she will grow old without him, and this can be seen as he requests that she remember him a ‘little sadly’ and as a missed chance to have a happy future.

It is the time frame that the poet has used in this poem that facilitates the poet to write this sad and reminiscent poem which is not designed primarily to make an old woman regretful, but to keep a young woman from ignoring the narrator and making the wrong decision.

When You Are Old by W.B. Yeats About the Poet:

William Butler Yeats (1865 – 1939) is an Irish poet and one of the foremost figures of 20th-century literature. His early poetry is part of the Celtic twilight or the Irish Literary Revival and it uses the history, myths, and heroic figures of Ireland. Yeats wrote plays, was one of the founders of the Abbey Theatre in Dublin, and was witness to the revolutionary politics of Ireland. He was awarded the Nobel Prize for literature in 1923. Later, under the influence of Ezra Pound, he began to write modernist poetry. He is one of the great love poets of the world.

In this love poem, the speaker (who is the lover) imagines his beloved in the future when she is old and reading the book of poems he is now writing. Reading the book she will remember the past, her youthful beauty, and the many who admired her. While the others loved her physical beauty and grace, only he loved her soul and her soul’s search for something meaningful. However, she will also feel sad that that love also vanished.
Note how love is personified in the last lines.

Background:

Most critics opine that this poem is a real description of the poet’s love. In 1889 Yeats met his great love Maud Gonne, an actress, and Irish revolutionary. However, she married Major John Macbride in 1903, and this episode inspired Yeats to write down this heart-stirring poem. Many critics believe that the poem presents the resentment he feels towards her for not reciprocating his love. The ambiguity of the last stanza of the poem illustrates that the poem is not only about the regret the woman feels when she becomes aware of what she has lost, it also strengthens the argument that this work is actually about the resentment he wants the woman to perceive.

When You Are Old Summary in English

‘When You Are Old’ was written to express the writer’s true and unforgettable love. The theme is a painful one of unrequited love, which the poet manipulates in an interesting manner. Instead of focusing upon the present or the past, the poet looks to the future, a future in which the two people in the poem are destined to be forever apart. The poet imagines an unreal condition that the woman he loved became old and felt regret for refusing his true love.

That is why the poem begins with the presumption that an old and grey lady was sitting beside the fire nodding her head. She is imagined to be reminiscing her memories when she recalls the soft look that her eyes had once, and how many suitors tried to court her, being charmed by her elegance and beauty.

2nd PUC English Textbook Answers Springs Chapter 6 When You Are Old image - 1
While admitting that many suitors were attracted by her youthful beauty, the speaker tries to tell her that he was the only lover who loved the pilgrim soul in her. He wants her to know that he was attracted by the beauty of her inner self and his love would remain constant even after she grows old. He assures her that he loves even the sorrows of her changing face. He means to say that over a period of time her beauty will have faded away and she will have grown old with her face having shrunk and skin having been wrinkled indicating that she has passed through many difficulties and sorrows.

He concludes visualizing that she is now bending down beside the dying fire, and tells herself in a whisper in a regretful tone that her true love has fled and is hiding his face amid a crowd of stars.

Analysis of the Poem:

‘When You Are Old’ is a short, exquisite, love lyric of twelve lines. It is a sad and introspective poem and is written in a melancholic tone.

The poem is in the form of a direct address by a lover to his lady love. In the poem, there are three stanzas of four lines each with a constant rhyme. The rhyme scheme hints that the speaker/ lover tries to tell her that his love will remain constant even when she grows old.

The most important aspect of this poem is the point of view taken by the narrator. The narrator is asking a woman, who is still young, to imagine a time when she is past her prime youth.

When you are old and gray and full of sleep,
And nodding by the fire, take down this book,
And slowly read, and dream of the soft look
Your eyes had once, and of their shadows deep;

The poet tries to put her mind in the future when she is an ‘old and gray’ woman, ‘full of sleep’, to ‘slowly read’ a book of memories from her youth. As the woman is ‘nodding by the fire’ she leafs through the book (her memories) and recollects her days of’soft looks’ and ‘sorrows’ as she changed.

How many loved your moments of glad grace,
And loved your beauty with love false or true,
But one man loved the pilgrim soul in you.
And loved the sorrows of your changing face;

She remembers her faded beauty that was admired by many but then recalls the only man, the narrator, who loved her for her unique soul. He loved her even as she grew less beautiful and as her personality changed in the fullness of time. The alliteration ‘glad grace’ expresses that when she is young, beautiful and in her best moments of life many will be interested in her, but their love for her will be just false or superficial love. However, the narrator (speaker) will love her anyway no matter what happens to her beauty.

The line “and loved the sorrows of your changing face” suggests that when she gets old her face gets shrunk. So her face looks different but he will just love her with the same love he always had. There is also a contrast between ‘glad grace’ and ‘sorrows of your changing face’, which suggests that while the others love her in her happy times, he will love her every time, including the worst ones.

The phrase ‘pilgrim soul’ in the line, “but one man loved the pilgrim soul in you,” refers to the long walk that her soul has had, searching for real happiness, but really being alone. So, many lovers can love her for how she looks but only he can love her for who she really is. ‘Pilgrim Soul’ has reference to the Biblical belief that every soul is a pilgrim, on the way to salvation and redemption. The speaker, by referring to this aspect of the beloved rather than to her beauty and fame, evokes oneness with the inner and not the external self.

And bending down beside the glowing bars,
Murmur, a little sadly, how Love fled
And paced upon the mountains overhead
And hid his face amid a crowd of stars.

In this stanza, the speaker exhorts the loved one to remember him in later years as she sits beside the fire and bends over the embers of the fire. The onomatopoeic ‘murmur’ suggests a whisper that shows that she has no passion or zest left. This adds to the imagery of age and weariness. ‘A little sadly’ suggests that in later years, as she remembers the speaker, she should feel regretful. The poet uses the word ‘love’ in all the lines in the second stanza and in the third stanza, second line, he capitalizes the word ‘Love’, giving it much intensity. He personifies ‘Love’ in the second line. In the lines,

And paced upon the mountains overhead
And hid his face amid a crowd of stars

‘pacing’ suggests that she was given a chance as ‘Love’ waited for her; it also suggests the gradual diminishing of the love which may then loiter over mountains for a while and then disappear. Being on the ‘mountains overhead’ suggests that ‘Love’ waited on a higher plain than that which she inhabited. Capitalized ‘L’ for love suggests that it is not just a person that she has lost but the ultimate, true, and everlasting possibility of love. The phrase ‘how love fled’ refers to the possibility that the speaker’s love would just fly far away because she is not receptive to his love.

When You Are Old Summary in Kannada

2nd PUC English Textbook Answers Springs Chapter 6 When You Are Old image - 2
2nd PUC English Textbook Answers Springs Chapter 6 When You Are Old image - 3
2nd PUC English Textbook Answers Springs Chapter 6 When You Are Old image - 4

Glossary:

  • The pilgrim soul: questing soul
  • The glowing bars: the bars of the fire place full of glowing coal (‘Bars’ refers to the bars of the iron grate in the fire-place)
  • Nod: move one’s head up and down repeatedly
  • Murmur: a softly spoken or almost inaudible utterance
  • full of sleep: drowsy due to old age
  • moments of glad grace: the days of youth when she was graceful
  • nodding: feeling sleepy; a sign of sleepiness
  • pilgrim soul: a Biblical belief that every soul is a pilgrim, on the way to salvation and redemption.

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Karnataka State Board Class 9 English Prose Chapter 1 The Best Advice I Ever Had

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The Best Advice I Ever Had Questions and Answers, Summary, Notes

Warm-up Activity:

A. Identify the following great personalities:
The Best Advice I Ever Had KSEEB Solutions
Answer:

  1. Smt. Sarojini Naidu
  2. Smt. Vijaya Lakshmi Pandit
  3. Smt. Indira Gandhi
  4. Justice M. Fathima Beevi
  5. Smt. Pratibha Patil
  6. Smt. Kiran Bedi.

B. Now using the clues given in column ‘A’ write the names of the personalities in column ‘B’:
KSEEB Solutions for Class 9 English Prose Chapter 1 The Best Advice I Ever Had 2
KSEEB Solutions for Class 9 English Prose Chapter 1 The Best Advice I Ever Had 3
Answer:

  1. Smt. Vijaya Lakshmi Pandit
  2. Justice M. Fathima Beevi
  3. Smt. Kiran Bedi
  4. Smt. Pratibha Patil
  5. Smt. Indira Gandhi
  6. Smt. Sarojini Naidu.

Comprehension:

C1. Based on your reading of the lesson, answer the following questions by choosing the most appropriate option:

The Best Advice I Ever Had KSEEB Solutions Question 1.
Mrs. Vijaya Lakshmi resented her galling position. The ‘galling position’ referred to here is
A) the death of her husband
B) her position as a widow without a son
C) she and her daughters not being entitled to any share of the family property
D) the hatred of her family members.
Answer:
C) she and her daughters not being entitled to any share of the family property

KSEEB Solutions For Class 9 English The Best Advice I Ever Had Question 2.
According to Gandhiji, Mrs. Vijaya Lakshmi could cleanse the bitterness of her heart by
A) making peace with her relatives
B) going out of the country for some time
C) asking excuse from her relatives
D) fighting for her rights.
Answer:
A) making peace with her relatives

The Best Advice I Ever Had Lesson Pdf Download KSEEB Solutions Question 3.
Mrs. Vijaya Lakshmi said, ‘I thought of the counsel that had calmed me so many times’. The counseling referred to here is
A) never hate anyone
B) no one can harm you but yourself
C) treating others in the same way
D) not to be revengeful.
Answer:
B) no one can harm you but yourself

C2. Discuss the answers for the following questions with your partner and then write them in your notebook:

KSEEB Solutions For Class 9 English Chapter 1 Question 1.
Why was Mrs. Vijaya Lakshmi Pandit in anguish?
Answer:
Vijaya Lakshmi Pandit was in anguish because the turn of events made her lose her faith in humanity. She had recently lost her husband and the Indian law treated her as though she had no existence of her own. Since she had no sons, she was not entitled to any share of her husband’s property and her importance was measured only through her relation with her husband.

The Best Advice I Ever Had Questions And Answers Class 9 KSEEB Solutions Question 2.
In paragraph 3, Mrs. Pandit speaks about ‘antiquated law’. What is referred to as antiquated law?
Answer:
The antiquated law refers to that aspect of the Indian law which treated a widow without sons as a non-entity. Vijaya Lakshmi Pandit was upset over the antiquated law which treated women so disrespectfully even though women had worked and suffered along with men in the national struggle for freedom as their equals.

Class 9 English Chapter 1 The Best Advice I Ever Had KSEEB Solutions Question 3.
Why was Mrs. Pandit going to America, according to Gandhiji?
Answer:
According to Gandhiji, Vijaya Lakshmi Pandit was going to America to escape reality. She was unhappy with her relatives and was going to a foreign country with bitterness in her heart. According to Gandhiji, this would cause further injury to her heart because she did not have the courage to cleanse her own heart.

The Best Advice I Ever Had Lesson KSEEB Solutions Question 4.
What did Gandhiji want Mrs. Pandit to do before going abroad? What was Mrs. Pandit’s response to that?
Answer:
Gandhiji wanted Vijaya Lakshmi Pandit to cleanse her heart of anger and pride and make peace with her husband’s family before going abroad. However, Mrs. Pandit said that she did not want to do that even to please Gandhiji.

The Best Advice I Ever Had Notes KSEEB Solutions Question 5.
How did Gandhiji make Mrs. Pandit meet her relatives?
Answer:
Mahatma Gandhi advised Mrs. Pandit that no one can hurt one except oneself. Unless the bitterness in her heart was cleared, it would cause her injury. He asked her not to leave the country with bitterness, as happiness can’t be found outside when there is bitterness inside. He asked her to cleanse her heart and meet her relatives.

KSEEB Solutions For Class 9 English Chapter 1 The Best Advice I Ever Had Question 6.
“Must you inflict further injury on yourself?”
(a) What is the injury referred to here?
(b) Why does Gandhiji ask Mrs. Pandit not to hurt herself?
Answer:
(a) The injury that she would cause to her heart by being angry with her relatives.
(b) Gandhiji knew that when one was angry with another, one caused hurt to one’s own self more than to anyone else.

Gandhiji did not want Vijaya Lakshmi Pandit, who had already undergone the sorrow of losing her husband, to inflict her heart with more and more sorrow.

KSEEB Solutions For Class 9th English The Best Advice I Ever Had Question 7.
Why did Mrs. Pandit not meet her relatives in the beginning before she left for America?
Answer:
Vijaya Lakshmi Pandit was embittered with her relatives who believed in an antiquated law and felt that as a woman without sons, she was not entitled to any share of her husband’s property.

KSEEB Solutions For Class 9 The Best Advice I Ever Had Question 8.
“I lifted the debate back to where it belonged”. What was the debate about?
Answer:
As a leader of the Indian delegation to the United Nations, Vijaya Lakshmi Pandit had to place before her opponents India’s complaint about the treatment of people of Indian origin in South Africa. Initially, when her opponents made personal attacks, Vijaya Lakshmi Pandit hit back in the same manner. But once she remembered Gandhiji’s advice to her, she brought the debate back to where it belonged, refusing to retaliate to personal attacks and argued the case on its merits.

The Best Advice I Ever Had Solutions KSEEB Solutions Question 9.
Mrs. Pandit recollected the advice of Gandhiji often. What was the advice?
Answer:
The advice was not to do anything that injures our self-respect and to be humble, and that no one can harm us except ourselves.

Best Advice I Ever Had KSEEB Solutions Question 10.
After visiting her relatives, Mrs. Pandit commented, I felt as if a great burden had been lifted and I was free to be myself. Have you experienced such a situation or a feeling in your life? Discuss.
Answer:
Yes, it is always true that openness in relationships helps. If we are angry with someone, instead of keeping it a secret and hating the person secretly, it will be useful to discuss the matter ‘ and get out of the negative emotions. Negativity harms both equally.

The Best Advice I Ever Had KSEEB Solutions Question 11.
What do you infer about the relationship between Mrs. Pandit and Gandhiji from reading this lesson?
Answer:
It is very clear that both Gandhiji and Vijaya Lakshmi Pandit felt at ease with each other. There was openness in their relationship. If Gandhiji felt free to tell Vijaya Lakshmi Pandit what he thought of her behaviour, Vijaya Lakshmi Pandit had faith in the counsel of Gandhiji. Thus they shared a beautiful relationship of give-and-take.

Question 12.
Describe the state of mind of the cook referred to in the lesson.
Answer:
The cook was drunk and had forgotten what he was supposed to do. Though the occasion was an important one, as the Prime Minister of Great Britain and Lady Eden were visiting Vijaya Lakshmi Pandit, the cook had messed up everything by getting drunk. Yet, Vijaya Lakshmi Pandit retained her sense of balance and did not let go of her anger. She controlled the situation by remembering Gandhiji’s words, “No one can harm you but yourself.”

C3. The following are some extracts from the lesson. Read them carefully and answer the questions that are given below each of them:

1. “Yet in law, we women were still recognized only through our relationship to men”.

Question a.
Why does the speaker say so?
Answer:
The speaker is bitter that in spite of being a woman of caliber who took part in the freedom struggle of the country, according to Indian law she had existence only in relation to her husband and not independently.

Question b.
What is the mood of the speaker while speaking the words above?
Answer:
She is both angry and bitter. She feels frustrated.

2. “No one can harm you except yourself”.

Question a.
Identify the speaker.
Answer:
Gandhiji.

Question b.
Who is the speaker addressing?
Answer:
Vijaya Lakshmi Pandit.

Question c.
What does the speaker mean by the words above?
Answer:
The speaker advises every individual to be in control of himself /herself. Only when there is self-control can one control others and any situation.

3. “I struck back with the same sharp weapon”.

Question a.
Who is the T and who did the speaker strike back at?
Answer:
Vijaya Lakshmi Pandit. She struck back at the opposing delegation at the United Nations.

Question b.
What was the weapon used bp the speaker?
Answer:
Harsh words.

Question c.
What was the need to strike back?
Answer:
Vijaya Lakshmi Pandit’s opponents made personal attacks that were harmful to the prestige of both Vijaya Lakshmi Pandit and her nation – India.

Additional Extracts:

4. ‘In India, we still attach importance to these things.’

Question a.
Who is the speaker?
Answer:
Mahatma Gandhi.

Question b.
What things is he talking about?
Answer:
Courtesy and decency.

Question c.
When did he say these words?
Answer:
When Mrs. Pandit refused to make peace with her relatives.

5. ‘To him, means were as important as the end’.

Question a.
Who do the words ‘To him’ refer to?
Answer:
Mahatma Gandhi.

Question b.
What is important, according to him?
Answer:
The methods we use to achieve our goals.

Question c.
When did the speaker think of this?
Answer:
When the South African delegation made personal attacks and Mrs. Pandit retaliated similarly, she was reminded of this.

C4 Discuss the answers for the following questions in a group of 3 or 4 and then present your answers before the other groups.

Question 1.
Mrs. Pandit had to face a lot of humiliating situations in her life. Give a brief account of the situations and comment on them.
Answer:
Mrs. Pandit had to face a lot of humiliating situations in life. Widowed early, she had to fend for herself and her daughters as the law did not entitle a widow or her daughters for a share in the family properly.

Embittered, she wanted to go away but this resentment and bitterness was removed from her heart by the wise counsel of Mahatma Gandhiji that, no one can harm one except oneself.

The second humiliating experience she underwent was when she was the leader of Indian delegation to UN for a debate of India’s complaint regarding the ill-treatment of people of Indian origin in South Africa. The opponents made personal attacks against her and the country and initially, she responded in the same vein.

Recollecting Gandhiji’s advice she apologized to the leader of the opposing delegation and diffused the strained relations. The third humiliation she almost had to face was when she had invited the PM of UK and Lady Eden for a dinner.

Her cook got drunk and dazed and dinner was not ready. Yet again recollecting Gandhiji’s advice, she quickly got food ready and the tense situation was calmed with humour.

Question 2.
Comment on the title of the lesson with respect to Mrs. Pandit’s experiences in different situations in her life.
Answer:
The title of the lesson ‘ The best advice I ever got ‘ is an extremely apt title because whenever Mrs. Pandit faced some difficult or unpleasant situation, the advice given by Mahatma Gandhi came to her rescue and helped her overcome her problems.

Each time she faced some bitterness or resentment, the advice is given by Mahatma Gandhi that, no one can harm one except oneself, helped her remove her negative feelings and solve the problem in a positive way. She was able to apply this counsel and overcome any difficulty in life. It was like a universal cure for all diseases.

Question 3.
From a reading of the lesson, write a note on Mrs. Pandit’s accomplishments and her contributions to India.
Answer:
We’can see that Vijaya Lakshmi Pandit was a woman of substance. After losing her husband, when she was made to understand that she was not entitled to her husband’s property, she resented the idea that her identity was established only through her husband. She was displeased that though she had fought, just as men had, for the freedom of India, according to the age-old ideas of conventional people, she had no individual existence.

But she was a woman of strength and calibre. That is why she had the privilege of heading the Indian delegation to the United Nations. We can see from the excerpt that she was a good hostess too. She had the ability to manage a difficult situation and turn it into a pleasant one.

Question 4.
“Means are as important as the end”, said Gandhiji. Do you agree with this view? Justify your answer.
Answer:
I agree with this view totally. Ends are no doubt very important to everyone but how one achieves it, is more important. Everyone works for achieving an ideal or goal one has. But in the process of achieving the goal, one should not veer from the right path. The idea of achieving one’s goal through hook or crook is not ethical.

The satisfaction one gets, in the end, will not be genuine and wholehearted. Even if one does not achieve one’s goal but goes about persevering in the true way, the satisfaction one gets in trying is far better than the satisfaction of attaining the goal. Therefore means are as important as the end.

Question 5.
Assume yourself to be a social activist. Write an article suggesting ways and means of removing gender discrimination that still exists in our society. You can discuss in groups and write down the article.
Answer:
Gender discrimination starts even before birth. When the child is in the womb itself, if the sex is determined to be female, there is the danger of foeticide. After birth, girl children run the risk of infanticide. When they grow up, they are discriminated against in the field of education. When it comes to marriage, employed girls will have to give up their jobs to adjust with the family pattern of their husbands.

Those who continue to work, have to reject offers of promotion if it means going away from their families. With children coming into the picture, employment becomes a bigger problem. In addition, there is a fear of physical assault.

Thus, there is discrimination against girls at every stage. If this has to end, there should be a radical change in the way society looks at girls. This is possible only when there are more and more awareness programmes which erase from the consciousness of people the idea that girls are inferior to boys. This is not an easy task because beginning with the mass media to religion, all-powerful influences in society showgirls playing second fiddle to men. But tasks which are challenging shouldn’t be given up.

We should try and accomplish such tasks with greater resolve. Individuals and governments should join hands to bring about the much needed progressive change in society by giving more and more incentives to girl children in education and employment. There should also be stringent punishment to those who go against women’s parity and empowerment.

Additional Questions:

Question 1.
Who gave Mrs. Vijaya Lakshmi Pandit the best advice?
Answer:
Mahatma Gandhi.

Question 2.
Why was Mrs. Vijaya Lakshmi Pandit going through a. period of anguish?
Answer:
Her husband had died recently and her deep sorrow over his loss was followed by the realization that she would not get any share of the property, by virtue of being a woman.

Question 3.
Why does Mrs. Pandit say that in the eyes of Indian law she had no individual existence?
Answer:
At that time, Indian law denied women any share in the family property. In spite of working as hard as men, a woman was recognized only through her relationship to a man. Therefore, Mrs. Vijaya Lakshmi Pandit says that in the eyes of the Indian law a woman had no individual existence.

Question 4.
Why was Mrs. Vijaya Lakshmi Pandit bitter towards the members of her family?
Answer:
Even the members of her family supported the antiquated law. Therefore, she was bitter towards the members of her family.

Question 5.
What did Gandhiji enquire of Mrs. Vijaya Lakshmi Pandit when she visited him?
Answer:
Gandhiji asked Mrs. Vijaya Lakshmi Pandit if she had made peace with her relatives.

Question 6.
What did Gandhiji tell Vijaya Lakshmi Pandit to do? Why?
Answer:
Gandhiji told her to go to her relatives and say good¬bye to them. According to him, in India, courtesy and decency demanded it. In India, people still gave importance to such things.

Question 7.
What was the result of her visit to her husband’s family?
Answer:
Her visit brought a feeling of relief to everyone. She asked for their best wishes before starting on a new stage of her life. By doing this, she experienced a miraculous effect upon herself. She also felt that a great burden had been lifted off her and that she was free to be herself.

Question 8.
What unhappy situation occurred in the United Nations when Mrs. Vijaya Lakshmi Pandit went there as the leader of the Indian delegation? How did she resolve it?
Answer:
The United Nations had to resolve India’s complaint regarding the treatment of people of Indian origin in South Africa. Mrs. Vijaya Lakshmi Pandit was the leader of the Indian delegation. When the issue came up, harsh things were said by both sides and the opponents even made personal attacks harmful to India’s prestige as well as Mrs. Pandit’s. Mrs. Vijaya Lakshmi Pandit did not accept it silently. She gave it back in the same coin. Due to this, an unpleasant atmosphere was created.

After a duel of words, Mrs. Vijaya Lakshmi Pandit suddenly thought of Gandhiji. She felt that he would never have approved of her way of retaliation. For him, means had to be as good as the end. Gandhiji would not be happy if questionable tactics were used for succeeding.

After thinking about this, Mrs. Vijaya Lakshmi Pandit decided that at any cost she would not make personal attacks to score a cheap point. When she changed her mind and stuck to a dignified method, the opponents met them on the new level and from then on, the case was argued on its merits only. In this way, Mrs. Vijaya Lakshmi Pandit resolved the situation.

Question 9.
How did a recurring nightmare become a reality in Mrs. Vijaya Lakshmi Pandit’s life?
Answer:
A recurring nightmare that women have is, someone important has come for dinner, it is time to eat – but dinner is not ready. This almost came true once for Mrs. Vijaya Lakshmi Pandit. When Mrs. Vijaya Lakshmi Pandit was the High Commissioner for India in the United Kingdom, she had once invited the Prime Minister of Great Britain and Lady Eden for dinner. Everything was planned meticulously. When the guests arrived and drinks were served twice, Mrs. Vijaya Lakshmi Pandit signalled the butler to announce dinner.

Even as they waited, the third round of drinks came. Mrs. Vijaya Lakshmi Pandit excused herself and went to the kitchen to find out why dinner was not served. To her dismay, she found that the cook was totally drunk and was talking nonsense. Nothing was cooked and the other servants were frightened.

Question 10.
How did Mrs. Vijaya Lakshmi Pandit react to the status of the chaotic kitchen and what decision did she take?
Answer:
At first, Mrs. Vijaya Lakshmi Pandit was totally upset. She wanted to shout at the cook and dismiss him immediately. But the very next moment she remembered the words of Gandhiji, which had calmed her so many times in the past – that, if she lost control, she would only hurt herself. Therefore, she pulled herself together. The immediate thing to be done was to provide food for the guests. Therefore, she asked the others in the kitchen to co-operate. All of them did and though the menu described was different, food could still be served.

Multiple Choice Questions:

Question 1.
According to Mrs. Vijaya Lakshmi Pandit, the best advice she ever had came from
A) Jawaharlal Nehru
B) Maulana Azad
C) Mahatma Gandhi
D) Lala Lajpat Rai
Answer:
C) Mahatma Gandhi

Question 2.
Mrs. Pandit was passing through a period of anguish because
A) she had lost her property
B) she had no individual existence
C) she had lost her husband
D) she had participated in the struggle for freedom
Answer:
C) she had lost her husband

Question 3.
The galling position Mrs. Pandit resented was
A) she was a.widow
B) she was not entitled to any share of the family property
C) she had no individual existence
D) she was without a son.
Answer:
B) she was not entitled to any share of the family property

Question 4.
Mrs. Pandit was bitter towards her family members because
A) she lost her husband
B) women were recognized through their relationship to men
C) they supported the antiquated law
D) her belief in humanity was at a low ebb.
Answer:
C) they supported the antiquated law

Question 5.
Mrs. Vijaya Lakshmi Pandit realised the importance of Gandhiji’s advice when she
A) went to America
B) refused to have anything to do with her relatives
C) telephoned her brother-in-law
D) met and made peace with her family members
Answer:
D) met and made peace with her family members

Question 6.
Mrs. Pandit lifted the debate back to where it belonged by
A) refusing to retaliate to personal attacks
B) refusing to score a cheap point
C) arguing the case on its merits
D) walking out of the meeting
Answer:
D) walking out of the meeting

Question 7.
When Mrs. Pandit found that her cook had not prepared food, she
A) dismissed him
B) dismissed the maid and the housekeeper
C) cooked food with the help of others
D) apologized to the guests.
Answer:
C) cooked food with the help of others

Question 8.
The opposite of the word ‘Courteous’ is
A) uncourteous
B) non courteous
C) discourteous
D) in courteous
Answer:
C) discourteous

Language Activities:

1. Vocabulary

V1. Dictionary work:

Complete the words beginning with ‘re………’ which mean the phrases given against each of them.

  1. make a decision : re………….
  2. state that one is unwilling to do something : re……………
  3. take revenge or hit back : re………….
  4. feel bitter about : re……………..
  5. connected with, concerning : re…………..
  6. a feeling of reassurance and relaxation after stress is over : re……………..
  7. latest, fresh : re…………….
  8. keep, preserve : re…………….

Answer:

  1. Resolve
  2. Refuse
  3. Retaliate
  4. Resent
  5. Regarding
  6. Relief
  7. Recent
  8. Retain.

V2. Classify the following qualities into desirable and undesirable:

KSEEB Solutions for Class 9 English Prose Chapter 1 The Best Advice I Ever Had 4

Desirable quality Undesirable quality
sincere galling
advantageous quarrelsome
decent difficult
courteous bitter
happy harmful
humble hysterical
significant
prestigious
diplomatic

2. Grammar And Usage:

G1. Formation of Nouns:

Question A.
Work in pairs and change the following verbs into nouns. Then check your answers in the dictionary.
perform, continue, react, realize, treat, observe, express, involve, agitate, interact, confront, explain, enter, allow, achieve, enroll, admit, free, judge.
Answer:

  1. perform – performance (performer)
  2. continue – continuation (continuity, continuance)
  3. react – reaction (reactor)
  4. realize – realization
  5. treat – treatment
  6. observe – observation (observer)
  7. express – expression involvement agitation (agitator) interaction
  8. involve – involvement
  9. agitate – agitation(agitator)
  10. interact – interaction
  11. confront – confrontation (confronter)
  12. explain – explanation
  13. enter – entrance (entrant)
  14. allow – allowance
  15. achieve – achievement (achiever)
  16. enroll – enrolment (enroller)
  17. admit – admission (admittance)
  18. free – freedom
  19. judge – judgement.

Question B.
The pair “greatest soul” is made up of an “adjective + noun” (the adjective “greatest” qualifies the noun “soul”) Pick out such pairs from the lesson and classify them into adjectives and nouns.
Answer:
Adjectives + Nouns: The best advice, sunny afternoon, most people, low ebb, deep sorrow, humiliating realization, Indian law, individual existence, Indian women, national struggle, family property, two daughters, galling position, antiquated law, outworn law, humiliating situation, new country, loved one, sorrow enough (note: in this example, the adjective comes after the noun), further injury, own heart, severe struggle, good wishes, new stage, great burden, a small gesture, significant change, the Indian delegation, Indian origin, harsh lines, both sides, personal attacks, sharp weapons, distressing duel, long run, questionable tactics, cheap point, new level, last day, opposing delegation, small matters, recurring nightmare, shocking sight.

Question C.
Combine the following pairs of sentences by changing the adjective(s) in italics to a noun(s).

  1. Rajesh is a very amiable person. It has endeared him to his colleagues.
  2. The actor was famous. It got him many endorsements.
  3. The young businessman was extravagant. It led to his downfall.
  4. James was silent during the enquiry. It did not help the police in bringing the culprit to book.

Answer:

  1. Rajesh’s amiability has endeared him to his colleagues.
    The amiability of Rajesh has endeared him to his colleagues.
  2. The actor’s fame got him many endorsements.
    The fame of the actor got him many endorsements.
  3. The young businessman’s extravagance led to his downfall.
    The extravagance of the young businessman led to his downfall.
  4. James’s silence during the enquiry did not help the police in bringing the culprit to book.

G2. Formation of verbs:

Question 1.
Make new verbs with the following words. Then use them in sentences of your own.
KSEEB Solutions for Class 9 English Prose Chapter 1 The Best Advice I Ever Had 5
Answer:

  1. Bath – bathe:
    Many have the habit of humming a tune when they bathe.
  2. Courage – encourage:
    Teachers should encourage their students to think originally.
  3. Force – enforce:
    It is the job of the police to enforce the law.
  4. Food – feed:
    She was upset as she could not feed her child before, leaving for office.
  5. Joy – enjoy:
    Ratan did not enjoy the outing with his friends as he was ill.
  6. Memory – memorize:
    Radhika did not memorize her speech well enough.
  7. Prison – imprison:
    Since Sushil had obtained anticipatory bail, the police could not arrest him.
  8. Slave – enslave:
    Poverty enslaves millions of Indians and deprives them of happiness.
  9. Speech – speak:
    The shocked parents could not speak even a word.
  10. Sympathy – sympathize:
    We sympathized with our friend who was scolded by the principal for no fault of hers.
  11. Clear – clarify:
    The speaker could not clarify our doubts.
  12. Civil – civilize:
    It is impossible to civilize barbarians.

G3. Answer the following:

A. Pick out the adverbs used in the lesson and frame sentences using them:

  1. Recently: Ramesh was promoted recently to the post of supervisor.
  2. Finally: Finally the police were able to apprehend the culprit.
  3. Lightly: One should not approach the question of corruption lightly.
  4. Suddenly: Suddenly it started raining.
  5. Warmly: Though angry with us, my aunt spoke to us warmly.
  6. Hardly: Hardly do we get a free day to relax.
  7. Meticulously: Sindhu meticulously planned the educational tour.
  8. Greatly: Many people have been greatly affected by demonetization.
  9. Really: I was really grateful to my friend who reminded me about my promise to my colleague.

B. Choose the right word and rewrite the following sentences:

  1. Bill is a careful/carefully driver.
  2. Can you please repeat that slow/slowly?
  3. The party was very good/well. I enjoyed it very much.
  4. Tom didn’t do very good/well in his examination.
  5. Come on, George! Why are you always so slow/slowly?
  6. Our team played bad/badly.
    1. John! I need your help quick/quickly.

Answer:

  1. Bill is a careful driver.
  2. Can you please repeat that slowly?
  3. The party was very good. I enjoyed it very much.
  4. Tom didn’t do very well in his examination.
  5. Come on, George! Why are you always so slow?
  6. Our team played badly.
  7. John! I need your help quickly.

G4. In a group of four, share each part of speech and complete the following table by filling the empty columns.

Noun Verb Adjective Adverb
Ex: continuation continue continuous continuously
1) realization
2) powerfully
3) beautify
4) pleasant
5) agreement
6) enjoy
7) care
8) danger
9) expressive
10) courageously

Answer:

Noun Verb Adjective Adverb
1) realization realize real really
2) power empower powerful powerfully
3) beauty beautify beautiful beautifully
4) pleasantness please pleasant pleasantly
5) agreement agree agreeable agreeably
6) enjoyment enjoy enjoyable enjoyably
7) care care careful carefully
8) danger endanger dangerous dangerously
9) expression express expressive expressively
10)courage encourage courageous courageously

G5. Words used as Nouns and Verbs.

Make sentences using the words given in the box below as nouns and as verbs.
KSEEB Solutions for Class 9 English Prose Chapter 1 The Best Advice I Ever Had 6

  1. view: The view from the mountain top was beautiful. (N)
    The situation was viewed differently by different people. (V)
  2. drop: Could you give me a drop to the railway station?
    Could you drop me at the railway station?
  3. design: The design of your blouse is exclusive.
    Who designs your blouses?
  4. walk: I took a walk to my aunt’s place.
    I walked to my aunt’s place.
  5. distance: The distance between my home and school is not much.
    I want to distance myself from Sneha as I find her quarrelsome.
  6. need: Demonetisation was the need of the hour.
    We need to curb corruption at all costs.
  7. treat: You should give me a treat tomorrow.
    Will you treat me to ice cream?
  8. delight: It is a sheer delight to listen to our principal.
    Our principal delights us with her witty remarks.

Writing Skill:

Dialogue Writing

A. Can money buy happiness? Develop your ideas with the help of the points given below. Use your ideas and write a paragraph on the topic.

Yes, because money No, because money doesn’t
buys house/clothes/car…. get you health, happiness…

Yes, because of money:
The value of money in one’s life is a strange idea to deal with. When we think of basic needs such as shelter and clothes and other luxuries such as fancy cars and mobiles, we consider money to be very important. We even conclude that in order to be happy, we need money. While it is true that we need money to fulfill our physical comforts and luxuries, it is equally true that happiness goes beyond this. We have seen that extremely wealthy people are not happy, for various reasons.

Sometimes the cause of unhappiness is a mental or physical disorder. Some other times, it is the self-destructive act of doing wrong in society to amass wealth and then suffering from pangs of guilt. At times like these, we realise that money is not everything and more than the money we need peace and tranquillity. Hence it is important that we earn money through just methods and also help the less fortunate, and live with dignity.

No, because money doesn’t:
Money is not everything in life. It may buy a lot of things to keep us comfortable but it cannot buy us the most essential things such as health and happiness. A person with the greatest riches may still be unhappy for some reason, while one without any riches might be blissful. Similarly, it is well said that “health is wealth”. No one can buy good health by paying money. A healthy mind exists in a healthy body. For this, money may not do much. It is the mental attitude that matters. In India, we come across any number of simple persons who do not aspire for money at all but still are happy. Happiness is a state of mind and money has no part to play there.

B. Know your Idioms:

  1. a penny for your thoughts
  2. a chance in a million
  3. two sides of the same coin
  4. a million-dollar question
  5. as good as gold
  6. to cash in on
  7. thirty pieces of silver

What are you thinking about?
either no chance at all or a very slim chance
two contrasting characters in the same category
a very crucial question very well behaved to take advantage of
the money paid to Judas Iscariot for an act of betrayal.

The Best Advice I Ever Had by Vijaya Lakshmi Pandit About the Author

Mrs. Vijaya Lakshmi Pandit (1900-1990) was an Indian diplomat, politician, and a sister of India’s first Prime Minister, Jawaharlal Nehru. She was active in the Indian freedom movement and held high national and international positions. She was greatly influenced by Gandhiji and became identified with the struggle for independence. She was imprisoned by the British on different occasions.

After her husband’s death in 1944, she traveled to the United States, mainly on a lecture tour. After India’s independence, she entered the diplomatic service and became India’s Ambassador to the Soviet Union, the United States, Mexico, Ireland (during which time she was also the Indian High Commissioner to the United Kingdom), and Spain. In 1953, she became the first woman President of the United Nations General Assembly. Mrs. Vijaya Lakshmi Pandit died on December 1, 1990.

The Best Advice I Ever Had Summary in English

‘The Best Advice I Ever Had’ is an article by Mrs. Vijaya Lakshmi Pandit. In this article, Vijaya Lakshmi Pandit refers to some of the hard and humiliating situations she went through in her life when she lost her husband prematurely. When already mourning her husband’s death, she felt further humiliated by knowing that the Indian law was not helpful to her. The family share was not given to her, as she was a widow with two daughters and without a son. She had bitterness towards her family members.

When she met Gandhiji, he made her realise the complexity of the situation and advised her to overcome it. He pointed out the importance of making peace with others. Forgiving others is the only way to keep us in peace. His advice gradually changed her life. After hearing the advice of Gandhiji she phoned her brother-in-law. Her visit brought a feeling of relief to everyone.

She had applied the advice of Gandhiji when she was involved in heated arguments in a conference held at the United Nations. When she was in New York, as the leader of the Indian delegation to the United Nations, India complained about the treatment of people of Indian origin in South Africa. Harsh things were exchanged and her opponents made personal attacks.

She struck back with the same sharp weapon. But soon she realized that the debate diverted from the original issue. She suddenly thought of Gandhiji. She realized that, for Gandhiji, the means were as important as the end. From then on Mrs. Pandit refrained from personal attacks and concentrated on the original issue. The opponents were forced to follow her. Thus, Mrs. Pandit lifted the debate to where it belonged.

Also, when the Prime Minister and Lady Eden had come for dinner, she was in a difficult situation which she solved peacefully. The Prime Minister and Lady Eden arrived for dinner and everything was planned meticulously. But everything fell apart as the cook was drunk. However, Vijaya Lakshmi Pandit negotiated the situation intelligently. She knew that there was no point in arguing with the drunken cook. So she improvised with what she had and earned the appreciation of the guests. Thus we see that, by following Gandhiji’s advice, Mrs. Vijaya Lakshmi Pandit was successful professionally and personally.

Glossary:

anguish (n): severe mental or physical pain or suffering
at a low ebb: being low in spirit/at low level
humiliating: embarrassing
resent (v): feel bitter about
galling (adj): annoying
antiquated (adj): outdated
courtesy (n): good manners, polite speech or action
inflict (v): impose, cause
gesture (n): action, activity
duel (n): fight, clash
retaliate (v): hit back, strike back, react
perspective (n): point of view, outlook
meticulously (adv): carefully
ladle (n): serving spoon
glazed (adj): blank, dull
hysterical (adj): crazy
the pivot of existence: the main cause for existence, only means of existence.

We hope the information prevailed in this article is helpful for all the students of Class 9. The Karnataka State Board Solutions for Class 9 English Chapter 1 The Best Advice I Ever Had Question and Answers pdf enhance your skills and score good marks in the exams. Stay tuned to get the latest information about the KSEEB Solutions Class 9 English Solutions.

2nd PUC English Textbook Answers Springs Chapter 12 The Voter

Students who are in search of The Voter Questions and Answers Pdf, Notes, Summary. First check in which chapter you are lagging and then Download Karnataka Board 2nd PUC English Textbook Answers Chapter Wise. Students can build self confidence by solving the Answers with the help of Karnataka State Board 2nd PUC. English is the scoring subject if you improve your grammar skills. Because most of the students will lose marks by writing grammar mistakes. So, we suggest you to Download Karnataka State Board 2nd PUC English Answers according to the chapters.

Karnataka 2nd PUC English Textbook Answers Springs Chapter 12 The Voter

Check out the topics covered in 2nd PUC before you start your preparation. Improve your grammar skills with the help of Karnataka 2nd PUC English pdf links. The Answers for Karnataka 2nd PUC English Textbook Springs Chapter 12 The Voter are prepared by the English experts. So, if you follow Karnataka 2nd PUC English Textbook Answers you can cover all the topics in 2nd PUC Chapter 12 The Voter. This helps to improve your communication skills.

The Voter Questions and Answers, Notes, Summary

The Voter Comprehension I

The Voter Questions And Answers 2nd PUC KSEEB Solution Question 1.
The roof was a popular young man because of he-
a. had not abandoned his village.2nd PUC English Textbook Answers Springs Chapter 12 The Voter
b. wanted to guide his people.
c. was forced to return to his village.
Answer:
(a) had not abandoned his village.

The Voter Summary 2nd Puc KSEEB Solution Question 2.
Why was Marcus considered rich and powerful?
Answer:
Marcus had two long cars and had just built himself the biggest house anyone had seen in these parts. He had entertained his people slaughtering five bulls and countless goats to feed the people. Though the village had no electricity, he had installed a private plant to supply electricity to his new home. Secondly, his house was opened by the Archbishop. Thirdly, he had been made a minister after he won the election. That is why he was considered rich and powerful.

The Voter Notes 2nd PUC KSEEB Solution Question 3.
Marcus Ibe had earlier been
a. doctor
b. schoolteacher
c. politician.
Answer:
(b) school teacher.

The Voter 2nd Puc Notes KSEEB Solution Question 4.
The fact that Marcus Ibe left the good things of the capital and returned to his village whenever he could, shows
a. his devotion to his people and love for the place
b. he enjoyed all the comforts of the city in his village.
c. he wanted to improve the amenities in his village.
Answer:
(b) he enjoyed all the comforts of the city in his village.

2nd Puc English Lesson The Voter Summary In English KSEEB Solution Question 5.
After the feasting, the villagers
a. praised Marcus’s faithfulness and generosity.
b. intended to demand more for their votes
c. realized Marcus’s wealth.
Answer:
(c) realized Marcus’s wealth.

Voter Notes 2nd PUC KSEEB Solution Question 6.
The ‘whispering campaign’ is
a. secret campaigning at night
b. bargaining for votes.
c. clandestine distribution of money.
Answer:
(c) clandestine distribution of money.

The Voter By Chinua Achebe Questions And Answers 2nd PUC KSEEB Solution Question 7.
The village eider Ezenwa tilted the lamp a little because
a. he could not see properly.
b. the place was too dark.
c. he wanted to confirm the amount paid to each.
Answer:
(c) he wanted to confirm the amount paid to each.

Question 8.
‘Firewood’ refers to
a. Roof taking advantage of the situation.
b. the advantages of being a voter.
c. the benefits the elders received.
Answer:
(c) the benefits the elders received.

Question 9.
Roof and the leader of the POP campaign team were
a. friends.
b. strangers.
c. acquaintances.
Answer:
(a, c) friends/acquaintances.

Question 10.
The roof was mesmerized by
a. the red notes on the floor.
b. the picture of the cocoa farmer.
c. the POP campaign leader.
Answer:
(a) the red notes on the floor.

Question 11.
Roof’s act of inserting the torn ballot papers in two boxes signifies
a. keeping his promise.
b. appeasing Iyi
c. absolving himself of his guilt
Answer:
(c) absolving himself of his guilt.

The Voter Comprehension II

Question 1.
Trace the change in the attitude of the villagers before the second election. Give reasons.
OR
Why did the people decide not to cast their vote for free in the forthcoming election?
OR
Explain the change that had come into the thinking of Umuofia in ‘The Voter’.
OR
Trace the reasons behind the ‘radical change’ that had come into the thinking ofUmuofia in ‘The Voter’.
Answer:
In this short story, Chinua Achebe makes an attempt to present before the reader how ‘elections’ lose their sanctity and are misused by greedy politicians for self-aggrandizement instead of bringing about improvement in the life of the people.

The people of Umuofia vote en masse in favor of the People’s Alliance Party and elect Marcus Ibe, a local teacher, as their leader. Once getting elected, people see a great many changes in Marcus’ life. Their elected representative becomes wealthy, is awarded chieftaincy titles and doctorate degrees, besides many other honours. He also builds a huge mansion in his native village and names it ‘Umuofia Mansions’. He spends most of his time in the capital and comes back to stay in his village mansion sometimes.

The villagers do not have running water and electricity, but he gets a private plant installed in his village to supply electricity to his new house. To top it all, his new house is opened by the Archbishop. On the day the new house is opened, he hosts a grand dinner to all the people of his village, slaughtering five bulls and countless goats. The common people realize that winning an election can change an ordinary mission school teacher into a wealthy and powerful man.

They also know that it is their ballot which has given him all those benefits. They recall that they had given their votes free of charge five years ago. They realize that they had underrated the power of the ballot paper and should not do so again. That is why, in the second election, they demand money for their votes.

Question 2.
What was the justification for the formation of the POP?
OR
What reasons are given for the formation of the POP?
Answer:
POP stands for Progressive Organisation Party. This party is formed by the tribes down the coast to save themselves from ‘totally political, cultural, social and religious annihilation’. The POP was a complete non-entity in the first election. Once the organizers come to know that there is no opposition party, some rich members of the tribes down the coast, form this party. They want the people to know that they will be paid pounds and not shillings if they listen to them and vote for them. In the story, we do not get any hint about the objectives of the PAP, but the organizers of the POP claim that they want to save the people from political, religious, cultural annihilation, though they appear to be no better.

From the situation described in the story, we can infer that the writer intends to tell the reader that no political party is seriously interested in improving the welfare of the people. They seem to know for sure that by winning an election, they can take the government in their hands and become rich. They seem to be unaware of their duties and responsibilities.

Question 3.
The roof is an intelligent manipulator. Justify with reference to the story,
OR
What is the role played by Roof in ‘The Voter’?
Answer:
Roof Okeke is an energetic young man and has come back to his own village Umuofia, after working as a bicycle repairer’s apprentice for two years in Port Harcourt. It is true that he would have enjoyed a rich life if he had stayed on in his job. But he comes back to the village and tells the people that he wants to guide them in difficult times. Later he becomes an ’election campaign manager’ for Marcus Ibe and over a period of five years becomes an expert in election campaigning at all levels.

In the story, we get to know more about Roof when he is on the job, engaged in one of his whispering campaigns. He tells the elders that Marcus Ibe, being a ‘son’ from their village, has been made a minister and it should be considered a great honour. Then he tries to use his rationalistic thinking with the people. He asks them, “Do you ever stop to ask yourselves why we should be singled out for this honour?” He himself answers his question. He tells them that they are favoured by the PAP leaders. Here we see Roof as a manipulator at work. He knows for sure that Marcus was perhaps the only man with some education.

Secondly, there was no opposition party. Basically, the village folk were innocent and naive and hardly realized the meaning of an election and the value of their mandate. Roof exploits this situation to his advantage.

Moreover, when he comes to learn that people had understood the benefits of entering politics and winning an election as seen in the case of Marcus Ibe and are now planning not to give their vote free of charge, he immediately informs Marcus and keeps him prepared to pay some money to the people in exchange for their votes.

Finally, we get a clear picture of Roof as a manipulator when he accepts five pounds from the election manager of POR He makes sure that they will not disclose the news of his accepting the money. He also tries to keep his conscience clear by telling them that he works for Marcus; while putting his ballot paper into the box, he cleverly manages to cast his vote for both Marcus and Maduka, without attracting the wrath of ‘iyi’.

The Voter Comprehension III

Question 1.
The POP campaign leader’s meeting with Roof shows the misuse of transparency in a democratic setup. Discuss.
Answer:
In this story, Achebe satirizes ‘politicians’ and makes an attempt to show how even in a democratic setup election can become farcical.

Unlike in dictatorship or monarchy, in a democratic setup, people have the freedom to elect a ‘person’ to work as their representative in the government and work for their upliftment. One of the hallmarks of democracy is its insistence on transparency. Every person is subject to scrutiny by the public in the election process. A person is free to vote for a person of his choice from among the contestants. ‘Transparency’ in this refers to Roof’s informing the POP campaign leader that he is working for Marcus.

Secondly, whether Roof informs him or not, it is well known to everyone that Roof is Marcus’ election campaign manager. The candidates are permitted by law to make known to the people all such appointments and maintain transparency in their dealings.

However, no candidate can strike a deal with the people and buy their votes. But this is done clandestinely. The POP campaign leader knows that Roof is working for Marcus. Therefore, they want to buy Roof’s vote first so that they will let him know that the POP leaders will pay in pounds and not in shillings. This is the message they want to put across to the people through Roof. Probably, next time, Roof who has made a name as an efficient election campaign manager for Marcus, will be bold enough to demand ‘pounds’ instead of shillings from Marcus and if he refuses to pay in pounds, he might go and work for the POP leader. That way he will be able to motivate his people to vote for POP instead of the circus. Thus, the POP campaign managers’ meeting with Roof is daring misuse of transparency in a democratic setup.

Question 2.
To every human comes a time of reckoning. How does Roof’s dilemma on the day of the election reflect this?
OR
Why did Roof face a dilemma while he was inside the voting booth? How did he resolve it?
OR
“There comes a time in every man’s life to decide”. Explain with reference to ‘The Voter’.
Answer:
In ‘The Voter’, Roof is an energetic young man who has the reputation of sacrificing a bright future for the sake of the people of his village. The roof has worked in a city for two years and has experience in dealing with both literates and illiterates. Based on this knowledge of general human behaviour, Roof builds for himself a career as an election campaign manager for Marcus Ibe.

When the story opens, we learn that Marcus Ibe is Chief the Honourable Minister of Culture in the outgoing government and is seeking people’s mandate for a second term. We also learn that Marcus considers Roof a real expert in election campaigning at all levels. Roof knows how politicians make money. He also knows that the people of Umuofia have now decided to vote for Marcus for a price. Roof conveys this news to Marcus and prepares him beforehand.

Like an efficient manager, he tries to highlight the strong points of PAP and finally strike a bargain with the voters paying them four shillings per vote. Everything is now going according to his plan and is happy.

But, one evening, the leader of the POP campaign team comes to his house to meet him. He tempts Roof to vote for Maduka paying him five pounds. Roof’s greed tempts him to accept the offer. But, he also gets trapped. The leader asks him to swear on the ‘Iyi’, that he would vote for Maduka.

The roof cannot go back on his promise. So he swears to vote for Maduka. Finally, on the day of the voting, Marcus wants to make sure that every one of his people casts his vote without fail. Therefore, Roof being his election manager, Marcus sends him to the booth first to vote. Now, Roof is caught in a moral dilemma. All along he has worked for Marcus and his conscience does not permit him to cheat Marcus. Now, when Marcus asks him to cast his vote he is in two minds. He feels that he cannot betray Marcus. For a moment, his mind tells him that he should vote for Marcus and go back and return the money he had received from the POP election manager.

Secondly, he remembers that he had sworn on that ‘lyi’. In a few seconds, his mind hits on a new idea. He folds the ballot paper in the middle and tears it into two halves at the crease. He drops the first half into the box meant for Maduka and confirms his vote saying that he votes for Maduka. Since he has not taken an oath to vote for Marcus, there is no fear of ‘lyi’ in him but only his guilt. Since he has worked as his manager for money and rewards, he drops the other half into the box meant for Marcus. Thus, he ensures that he does not cheat either. By tearing the ballot paper and casting his vote for both of them he overcomes his moral dilemma.

Question 3.
What comment does the story offer on the electoral system? Is it relevant?
Answer:
In ‘The Voter’, Achebe tries to present a true picture of the drama that is witnessed during an election held in a small town in Nigeria. There are two main characters and two political parties in the story and the voters are the villagers of Umuofia.

The roof is an energetic young man, who is now working as the election campaign manager for Marcus Ibe, who was once a local mission school teacher and was on the verge of dismissal from service on the basis of a female teacher’s complaint.

Marcus Ibe joins the People’s Alliance Party, contests the election, and gets elected. He becomes a minister and his government completes a five-year term and he is now seeking re-election. During his term as a minister, he amasses a lot of wealth, comes to own two big cars, builds a huge mansion in his native village, and wins several chieftaincy titles and doctorate degrees.

But his people remain the same – poor, illiterate, ignorant, and naive. The situation in his village also does not show any improvement. The same old problems of lack of running water and electricity continue to plague the people and prevent them from improving economically and politically. When the story opens, we learn that Marcus Ibe is seeking a second term and everyone is sure that he is going to get a landslide victory because there is no opposition party worth taking into consideration.

But there is a change in the perception of the people. After feasting in Marcus’ new house and noticing his wealth and power, the poor people of Umuofia realize that ‘elections’ do have a meaning and their votes which they had underrated before, are of high value. Therefore, they demand some value for their votes and Roof manages to convince them that they should vote for Marcus again by giving four shillings each.

Some tribes down the coast had set up a new political party called POP with the objective of saving the people from ‘totally political, cultural, social and religious annihilation’. Their campaign leader comes to Roof’s house and offers to buy his vote for five pounds. Roof initially is enamoured of the five-pound notes and agrees to vote.

But the POP leader cleverly gets him to swear on the ‘iyi’ that he will vote for Maduka. Finally, on election day, his conscience pricks him to a little extent and Roof feels like voting loyally for Marcus and returning the money to the POP election manager. But the oath he has taken before ‘iyi’ does not allow him to do so and there is a moral dilemma. However, Roof cuts his ballot paper in two, drops one half into the box meant for Maduka and drops the other half into the box meant for Marcus, and saves his conscience and his life too. This is the story in a nutshell.

There are lessons to learn from this story. We must note that merely naming our government as ‘democracy’ and setting up all the things needed for holding elections do not guarantee that people will be able to exercise their true mandate and will elect competent members to the government which will strive for the upliftment of the people socially, educationally, economically and culturally. We cannot guarantee democratic governance by merely holding elections regularly. First, we must educate the people about their rights, duties, and responsibilities in any election.

Secondly, we must ensure that people have the right to recall their representatives if they do not strive to improve a lot of people. Thirdly, elected representatives must be forced to account for their earnings after joining the government. Finally, there should be an authority which should oversee that sanctity of election procedures is not tampered with.

Also, those who get elected are self-centered and exploit the people and the situation to their benefit. On the whole, one can argue that by merely holding elections regularly we cannot ensure that a democratic government will come into place.

Secondly, the electoral system that is now in place in the story is not foolproof. As regards the relevance of the story to our own situation, one can argue that it is highly relevant even today. Even after nearly seven decades of independence, we have not been able to ensure free and fair elections, the main reason being the lack of education and moral values. We are witness to every type of corrupt practice in elections.

Question 4.
‘Democracy is more than holding elections regularly.’ Do you think the story supports this statement?
Answer:
In ‘The Voter’, Achebe tries to present a true picture of the drama that is witnessed during an election held in a small town in Nigeria. There are two main characters and two political parties in the story and the voters are the villagers of Umuofia.
The roof is an energetic young man, who is now working as the election campaign manager for Marcus Ibe, who was once a local mission school teacher and was on the verge of dismissal from service on the basis of a female teacher’s complaint.

Marcus Ibe joins the People’s Alliance Party, contests the election, and gets elected. He becomes a minister and his government completes a five-year term and he is now seeking re-election. During his term as a minister, he amasses a lot of wealth, comes to own two big cars, builds a huge mansion in his native village, and wins several chieftaincy titles and doctorate degrees.

But his people remain the same – poor, illiterate, ignorant, and naive. The situation in his village also does not show any improvement. The same old problems of lack of running water and electricity continue t<3. plague the people and prevents them from improving economically and politically. When the story opens, we learn that Marcus Ibe is seeking a second term and everyone is sure that he is going to get a landslide victory because there is no opposition party worth taking into consideration.

But there is a change in the perception of the people. After feasting in Marcus’ new house and noticing his wealth and power, the poor people of Umuofia realize that ‘elections’ do have a meaning and their votes which they had underrated before, are of high value. Therefore, they demand some value for their votes and Roof manages to convince them that they should vote for Marcus again by giving four shillings each.

Some tribes down the coast had set up a new political party called POP with the objective of saving the people from ‘totally political, cultural, social and religious annihilation’. Their campaign leader comes to Roof’s house and offers to buy his vote for five pounds. Roof initially is enamoured of the five-pound notes and agrees to vote.

But the POP leader cleverly gets him to swear on the ‘iyi’ that he will vote for Maduka. Finally, on election day, his conscience pricks him to a little extent and Roof feels like voting loyally for Marcus and returning the money to the POP election manager. But the oath he has taken before ‘iyi’ does not allow him to do so and there is a moral dilemma. However, Roof cuts his ballot paper in two, drops one half into the box meant for Maduka and drops the other half into the box meant for Marcus, and saves his conscience and his life too. This is the story in a nutshell.

There are lessons to learn from this story. We must note that merely naming our government as ‘democracy’ and setting up all the things needed for holding elections do not guarantee that people will be able to exercise their true mandate and will elect competent members to the government which will strive for the upliftment of the people socially, educationally, economically and culturally. We cannot guarantee democratic governance by merely holding elections regularly. First, we must educate the people about their rights, duties, and responsibilities in any election.

Secondly, we must ensure that people have the right to recall their representatives if they do not strive to improve a lot of people. Thirdly, elected representatives must be forced to account for their earnings after joining the government. Finally, there should be an authority which should oversee that sanctity of election procedures is not tampered with.

Also, those who get elected are self-centred and exploit the people and the situation to their benefit. On the whole, one can argue that by merely holding elections regularly we cannot ensure that a democratic government will come into place. Secondly, the electoral system that is now in place in the story is not foolproof.

As regards the relevance of the story to our own situation, one can argue that it is highly relevant even today. Even after nearly seven decades of independence, we have not been able to ensure free and fair elections, the main reason being the lack of education and moral values. We are witness to every type of corrupt practice in elections.

The Voter Additional Questions and Answers

I. Answer the following questions in a word, a phrase, or a sentence each:

Question 1.
Where did Roof work as a bicycle repairer’s apprentice?
OR
What did Roof do in Port Harcourt?
Answer:
Roof worked as a bicycle repairer’s apprentice in Port Harcourt.

Question 2.
How long had Roof worked as a bicycle repairer’s apprentice?
Answer:
Roof worked as a bicycle repairer’s apprentice for two years.

Question 3.
The roof had given up being a bicycle repairer’s apprentice in order to
(a) contest elections
(b) guide his people
(c) campaign for Marcus.
Answer:
(b) and (c) guide his people/campaign for Marcus.

Question 4.
Who had formed the Progressive Organisation Party?
Answer:
The Progressive Organisation Party (POP) had been formed by the tribes down the coast.

Question 5.
To which village did Roof belong?
Answer:
To Umuofia.

Question 6.
Who was supposed to be very popular in his village?
Answer:
Roof.

Question 7.
According to the villagers, what was Roof’s motivation for leaving a promising career?
Answer:
The villagers believed that a strong desire to guide the people of Umuofia in difficult times was the motivation behind Roof’s leaving a promising career.

Question 8.
Which political party did the people of Umuofia support?
Answer:
People’s Alliance Party.

Question 9.
To which party did Marcus belong?
Answer:
To the People’s Alliance Party.

Question 10.
What was Marcus in the outgoing government?
Answer:
Minister of Culture.

Question 11.
Who did the Roof campaign for in the elections?
Answer:
For Marcus Ibe.

Question 12.
What was Marcus Ibe before he joined politics?
Answer:
A mission school teacher.

Question 13.
Why did Marcus Ibe face the threat of being dismissed from service as a school teacher?
Answer:
A female teacher had complained against Marcus Ibe. Hence, his dismissal was imminent.

Question 14.
What had Marcus named his new house?
Answer:
‘Umuofia Mansions’.

Question 15.
Who was the most trusted campaigner of Marcus?
Answer:
Roof.

Question 16.
How much salary had Marcus withdrawn in advance?
OR
How much had Marcus Ibe drawn in advance for the election?
Answer:
Five months’ salary.

Question 17.
How much did Marcus offer the people at first to vote for him?
Answer:
Two shillings to each voter.

Question 18.
How much did Marcus offer the people finally to vote for him?
OR
How many Shillings was finally accepted for the votes by the elders?
Answer:
Four shillings.

Question 19.
Who was the enemy Roof referred to when he spoke to the elders?
Answer:
The Progressive Organisation Party.

Question 20.
Who is the leader of the Progressive Organisation Party?
OR
Who had formed the POP?
Answer:
Maduka.

Question 21.
How much money did the POP offer Roof to vote for Maduka?
OR
How much does Roof get from the representatives of Maduka?
OR
How much did the POP campaign team offer Roof for his vote?
Answer:
Five pounds.

Question 22.
What was the election symbol of the People’s Alliance Party?
OR
What is the symbol used by Marcus in the election?
Answer:
A motor car.

Question 23.
What was the symbol of the Progressive Organisation Party?
Answer:
A man’s head.

Question 24.
What is ‘Umuofia Mansions’?
OR
Where did Marcus Ibe build his big mansion in ‘The Voter’?
Answer:
‘Umuofia Mansions’ is the name of the biggest house in Umuofia, built by Marcus Ibe.

Question 25.
Where, on the election morning, did Marcus Ibe sit shaking hands with the villagers?
OR
Where was Marcus Ibe seated on the morning of the election?
Answer:
On the election morning, Marcus Ibe sat in the ‘owner’s corner’ of his enormous green car, shaking hands with the villagers.

Question 26.
What was Rufus Okeke called as?
OR
Who was addressed as Roof, for short?
Answer:
Rufus Okeke was called Roof for short by the people of his village.

Question 27.
What had Marcus promised the voters if he was elected in the forthcoming election?
OR
Mention the promise made by PAP if they were voted to power.
Answer:
Marcus had promised to give pipe-borne water to the village if he was elected in the forthcoming election.

Question 28.
Who competed against Marcus in the elections?
Answer:
Maduka, the leader of the POP, competed against Marcus in the elections.

Question 29.
What warning did Roof give Marcus about the coming elections?
Answer:
The roof had warned Marcus about the radical change that had come into the thinking of Umuofia since the last national election.

Question 30.
Why did Marcus Ibe join politics?
Answer:
Marcus had wisely joined politics just in time to avoid imminent dismissal arising from a female teacher’s complaint.

Question 31.
What does PAP stand for?
Answer:
PAP stands for the People’s Alliance Party.

Question 32.
What does POP stand for?
Answer:
POP stands for Progressive Organisation Party.

Question 33.
How much did Roof give the villagers to cast their votes for Marcus?
Answer:
The roof gave four shillings to each of the villagers to cast their votes for Marcus.

Question 34.
What was Roof made to swear on to ensure his vote for Maduka?
OR
What was Roof asked to swear on by the POP team?
Answer:
The roof was made to swear on the Iyi of Mbanta to ensure his vote for Maduka.

Question 35.
Who was PAP’s most illustrious son referred to in ‘The Voter’?
Answer:
Marcus Ibe was PAP’s most illustrious son referred to in ‘The Voter’.

Question 36.
Who was the Minister of Culture in the outgoing government in ‘The Voter’?
Answer:
Marcus Ibe was the Chief Honourable Minister of Culture in the outgoing government mentioned in the voter.

Question 37.
Name the man of high traditional title in Umuofia mentioned in ‘The Voter’.
Answer:
Ogbuefi Ezenwa is the man of high traditional title in Umuofia mentioned in ‘The Voter’.

Question 38.
Mention one of the honours/benefits politics had brought to Marcus Ibe in ‘The Voter’.
Answer:
Some of the honours/benefits politics had brought to Marcus Ibe were wealth, chieftaincy titles, and doctorate degrees.

Question 39.
Opposition to Marcus Ibe in ‘The Voter’ was like
(a) a fly trying to move a dunghill.
(b) the bird challenging his personal spirit
(c) a mortar turning its back on the ground.
Answer:
(a) a fly trying to move a dunghill.

Question 40.
Who conducted the whispering campaign in ‘The Voter’?
Answer:
Marcus Ibe’s stalwarts conducted the whispering campaign in ‘The Voter’.

Question 41.
The roof offered _____ shillings initially to the elders for their votes in ‘The Voter’.
(a) four
(b) two
(c) five
Answer:
(b) two.

Question 42.
Where does the iyi come from, according to the POP campaigner, in ‘The Voter’?
Answer:
According to the POP campaigner in ‘The Voter’, the ‘iyi’ comes from Manta.

Question 43.
Whose election symbol was ‘man’s head’ in ‘The Voter’?
Answer:
In ‘The Voter’, ‘Man’s head’ was the election symbol of the Progressive Organisation Party (POP).

Question 44.
What precaution did Roof take while inserting the ballot paper in ‘The Voter’?
Answer:
In ‘The Voter’, while inserting the ballot paper, Roof took the precaution of putting the first half into Maduka’s box.

Question 45.
When did Marcus’s boys conduct whispering campaigns in ‘The Voter’?
Answer:
In ‘The Voter’, Marcus’s boys conducted whispering campaigns at night.

Question 46.
How many elders were there when Roof conducted the whispering campaign in ‘The Voter’?
Answer:
There were five elders besides Roof and his assistant when Roof conducted the whispering campaign in ‘The Voter’.

II. Answer the following questions in a paragraph of 80 – 100 words each:

Question 1.
The roof was a very popular man in his village. Give reasons.
Answer:
Roof Okeke was an energetic young man and had come back to his own village Umuofia, after working as a bicycle repairer’s apprentice for two years in Port Harcourt. It was true that he would have enjoyed a rich life if he had stayed on in his job. But he came back to the village and told the people that he wanted to guide them in difficult times. Later he became an ‘election campaign manager’ for Marcus Ibe and over a period of five years became an expert in election campaigning at all levels. Hence he was a very popular man in his village.

Question 2.
How did the POP campaign team trap Roof?
OR
Describe the meeting held by the POP campaign team with Roof in ‘The Voter’.
OR
Describe the meeting held by the POP campaign team with Roof in ‘The Voter’.
Answer:
In the story ‘The Voter’, Roof is the election campaign manager for Marcus Ibe, a candidate of the People’s Alliance Party. On the night before the election, the leader of the POP campaign team visits Roof’s house. He places five pounds on the floor and tells Roof that he wanted his vote. Initially, Roof did not know what to say or do. But, when he gets up from his chair, closes the door, and comes back, he gets enough time to weigh the proposition. He craves to make such a huge amount, his own.

However, his conscience pricks him and he tells in a feeble voice that the other person knows that he works for Marcus and it will be very bad on his part to accept a bribe, vote for Maduka, and deceive his own master. But when the other person tells him that Marcus will not know who he has voted for, Roof throws away his moral scruples to the wind and asks him whether anyone will talk about him outside. When he assures him that they are only interested in votes and not gossip, Roof’s greed tempts him to accept the offer. But, he also gets trapped. The leader asks him to swear on the Tyi’, that he would vote for Maduka. The roof cannot go back on his promise. So he swears to vote for Maduka.

Question 3.
Describe the last-minute election campaign in Umuofia.
OR
Give a picture of the activities on the election morning.
Answer:
On the day of the election, Chief the Honourable Marcus Ibe was doing things in a grand style. He had hired a highlife band from Umuru and stationed it at such a distance from the voting booths as just managed to be lawful. Many villagers danced to the music, their ballot papers held aloft, before proceeding to the booths. Marcus sat in the ‘owner’s corner’ of his enormous green car and smiled and nodded. Some villagers came up to the car, shook hands with the great man, and said in advance ‘Congrats!’

Roof and the other organizers were prancing up and down, giving last-minute advice to the voters and pouring with sweat. Roof tried to guide illiterate women saying “Our sign is the motor-car”. Then he told them, “Don’t look at the other with the man’s head: it is for those whose heads are not correct”. Finally, he shouted, “Vote for the car and you will ride in it!”

Question 4.
How is Roof’s dilemma brought out in ‘The Voter’?
OR
Roof’s dilemma on the day of the election is the result of his own misdeeds. Do you agree? Give reasons.
Answer:
On the day of the election, we see Roof in a moral dilemma. For the first time, his moral conscience pricks him not to betray Marcus. But it is only a momentary impulse and vanishes almost immediately when Roof recalls the picture of iyi and the cocoa farmer harvesting his crop. Then he hits on an idea of deceiving both Marcus and Maduka. He folds the ballot paper, tears it in two at the crease, and drops the first half into the box meant for Maduka and the other half into the box meant for Marcus. Thus, the writer successfully delineates how ‘money politics’ can corrupt people at all levels. It also reveals the contagious nature of an immoral attitude as the villagers who feel they “have climbed the iroko tree today and would be foolish not to take down all the firewood needed” blatantly ask for bribes.

It is Roof who is responsible for this moral degradation. The fall of Roof demonstrates the deepening level of corruption and the dimming of moral principles. Although Roof overcomes his personal dilemma on election day by tearing his ballot paper in two – one-piece for Maduka, the opponent, and one for Chief Marcus Ibe, his own employer his act illustrates the basic unreliability and political dishonesty of people working for elections. The plot of the story hinging on this man who bribes the electorate and who is bribed in turn drives home the deviant tendency of the political scene.

Question 5.
What changes did politics bring in Marcus Ibe?
OR
Describe how Marcus Ibe in ‘The Voter’ had managed to become a ‘successful’ politician.
OR
Everyone is full of praise for Marcus Ibe. What qualities and achievements attracted the people to praise him?
Answer:
Marcus Ibe was a not-too-successful mission school teacher. When he was almost on the verge of dismissal on the basis of a female teacher’s complaint, he joined politics, got elected as a representative of Umuofia, and was made Minister of Culture. People referred to him as Chief the Honourable Minister of Culture. In a period of five years Marcus became very wealthy, was given many chieftaincy titles and doctorate degrees and several other honours.

He got a huge mansion built in Umuofia and named it ‘Umuofia Mansions’ and got it opened by the Archbishop. On the day of the opening, he hosted a grand lunch to the people of his village slaughtering five bulls and countless goats. After feasting in his house, people were full of praise for him. They opined that he was a great man and does his things like a great man. He also owned two big cars.

Question 6.
Account for Roof’s popularity in ‘The Voter’.
OR
The roof was a very popular man in his village. Give reasons.
Answer:
Rufus Okeke, called Roof for short, was a very popular man in his village. His popularity was due to the fact that even after spending two years as a bicycle apprentice in Port Harcourt, Roof had come back to Umuofia of his own free will with the intention of guiding his people in difficult times. If he had stayed on in his job he would have enjoyed a rich life. By this gesture, he wins the gratitude and admiration of his people.

Question 7.
What was the whispering campaign and how did Roof conduct it in ‘The Voter’?
Answer:
A ‘whispering campaign’ refers to secret meetings held between the group of elders of a village and the election campaign manager of a political party. The election manager goes to such campaigns armed with money bags and woos the voters offering money for votes.

In ‘The Voter’, Roof, the most trusted campaigner of the PAP, conducted a whispering campaign in the house of Ogbuefi Ezenwa, a man of the high traditional title. Initially, Roof tried to kindle the pride of the people telling them that the PAP had made Marcus Ibe, one of their own sons, Honourable Minister of Culture in the outgoing government, and offered them 2 shillings each initially. But, Ezenwa rejected it saying that two shillings were shameful and Marcus was a great man, who did his things like a great man. Later, when Roof offered them 2 more shillings each, they accepted it and agreed to cast their vote for Marcus Ibe. Thus, Roof conducted his whispering campaign.

Question 8.
Why was Roof in a fix when putting in his ballot paper, in ‘The Voter’?
Answer:
As soon as Roof went into the voting booth, he was confronted by the ‘car’ on one box and the ‘head’ on the other. He took out his ballot paper from his pocket and looked at it. For a moment he found himself caught in a moral dilemma. He could not decide whether he should vote for Marcus Ibe of the PAP or Maduka of POP.

As the election campaign manager for Marcus Ibe, he had worked enthusiastically urging the people to vote for PAP. He had also taken a lot of money and other gifts for his service. But, now he had put himself in a fix because he had accepted five pounds from the POP and had sworn before the ‘iyi’ that he would vote for Maduka. So he did not want to cheat, because his fear of ‘iyi’ from Mbanta troubled him seriously. On the other hand, he felt guilty for betraying Marcus Ibe. For a moment he felt like going back to the campaign manager and returning his five pounds.

Finally, the moment he thought of the red notes, he visualized the cocoa farmer busy at work and his swearing on that ‘iyi’. Therefore, he folded the ballot paper, tore it into two along the crease, and put one half in each box. He put the first half into Maduka’s box confirming his action verbally, “1 vote for Maduka”.

Question 9.
Trace the behaviour of Roof on the day of voting.
Answer:
On the day of the election, Roof appears to be seriously interested in ensuring that the voters know who to vote for and how to exercise their choice. Along with others Roof prances up and down giving last-minute advice to the voters. As soon as the first rush of voters is over, Marcus promptly asks his campaign boys to go one at a time and put in their ballot papers. He asks Roof to go first. Roof’s spirits fall, but he lets no one see it. Roof dashes off in his springy fashion towards the booth.

When Roof goes into the booth, he faces a moral dilemma. But he overcomes his moral dilemma, cuts the vote into two, and drops the two halves in the boxes, one half for Marcus and the other half for Maduka. While coming out, he looks as happy as he was when he went in. Thus, by putting on a happy face and walking with a lot of energy in his gait while going into the booth as well as while coming out of the booth, Roof is able to conceal his betrayal of Marcus in the election.

III. Answer the following questions in about 200 words each:

Question 1.
Do you think Roof is right in tearing the ballot paper into two? Explain.
OR
Do you agree or disagree with how Roof resolves his dilemma regarding how to cast his
vote?
OR
In the story, Roof has to make a difficult decision about how to cast his vote. Do you agree with the way he resolves this dilemma? Why or why not?
OR
Why does Roof tear the ballot paper into two?
Answer:
The main focus of Achebe in ‘The Voter’ is the satirisation of money politics and the contagious nature of corruption. Roof, the protagonist of the story, is an energetic young man of Umuofia, who has come back to his village giving up a bright future in the city. People believe that he has come back to guide them in difficult times and so hold him in high esteem.

The village Umuofia already belonged en masse to the People’s Alliance Party and had elected Chief the Honourable Marcus Ibe as their representative in the previous election and nobody doubted his re-election this time also. The man behind Marcus’ success is Roof. He was his election campaign manager and had become a real expert in election campaigning at all levels.

But towards the end of the story, we see that Roof is offered five pounds by the leader of the election campaign for a POP on condition that Roof votes for Maduka. A roof does not hesitate at all but tries to tell them that he is working for Marcus. But they allay his fears telling him that Marcus will not be there to watch him when he drops his vote in the box. Roof accepts their offer and swears to vote for Maduka in the presence of ‘iyi’.

On the day of the election, Marcus wants to make sure that every one of his people votes for him. Therefore, he asks Roof to cast his vote first. When Roof goes into the booth, he faces a moral dilemma. His conscience tells him that he ought not to betray Marcus. There is an impulse in him to run to the leader of the POP election campaign manager and return his money. But, when he recalls that he had sworn to vote for Maduka in the presence of ‘iyi’, he changes his decision in a split second and folds the ballot paper in two. He tears it into two halves and drops the first half into the box meant for Maduka and the other half into Marcus’ box. He also confirms his vote for Maduka by saying aloud, “I vote for Maduka”, and then goes out happily.

This act of Roof, of tearing the ballot in two, invalidates his vote. When a person tears it in two, it is clear that he has not chosen any person at all, though he may have dropped the two halves of the paper into different boxes. When Roof tears the ballot paper in two it is only to resolve the moral dilemma he is facing and not with the intention of exercising his choice. If he puts two halves in two different boxes, it does not mean that he has voted in favour of both. Actually it is an invalid vote. This is against the spirit of elections and is condemnable.

Question 2.
How does Roof conceal his betrayal of Marcus in the election? Elucidate.
Answer:
On the day of the election, Roof appears to be seriously interested in ensuring that the voters know who to vote for and how to exercise their choice. Along with others Roof prances up and down giving last-minute advice to the voters and pouring with sweat. As soon as the first rush of voters is over, Marcus promptly asks his campaign boys to go one at a time and put in their ballot papers. He asks Roof to go first. Roof’s spirits fall, but he lets no one see it. Roof dashes off in his springy fashion towards the booths. When Roof goes into the booth, he faces a moral dilemma.

But he overcomes his moral dilemma, cuts the vote into two, and drops the two halves in the boxes, one half for Marcus and the other half for Maduka. While coming out, he looks as happy as he was when he went in. Thus, by putting on a happy face and walking with a lot of energy in his gait while going into the booth as well as while coming out of the booth, Roof is able to conceal his betrayal of Marcus in the election.

Question 3.
Give an account of Roof’s role as an election campaigner.
OR
The roof is an expert election campaigner. Substantiate the statement.
Answer:
The roof is an energetic young man of Umuofia, who has come back to his village giving up a bright future in the city. People believe that he has come back to guide them in difficult times and hence hold him in high esteem. When we read about the election, the writer tells us that the village of Umuofia already belonged en masse to the People’s Alliance Party and had elected Chief the Honourable Marcus Ibe as their representative in the previous election and nobody doubted his re-election this time also. The man behind Marcus’ success is Roof.

The roof was his election campaign manager and had become a real expert in election campaigning at all levels. Having already seen a change in Marcus’ status and wealth, Roof is able to gauge the people’s mood and the change in people’s perception of Marcus Ibe and had conveyed to his leader that a radical change had come in them. This way he prepares Marcus to plan his strategy to woo the voters in the coming elections.

After feasting in Marcus’ house on the day of the opening of his new house, people had realized what good things politics had showered on Marcus. They also regretted to a little extent that they had given their vote to Marcus free of charge in the previous election. Therefore, this time, they decided to demand a price for their vote. As expected, Roof, being an expert in election campaigning, comes armed with money to his whispering campaigns.

During his whispering campaigns, Roof uses a lot of political rhetoric and tells the people convincingly that PAP favours the people of Umuofia. He says, “What greater honour can a village have? Do you ever stop to ask yourselves why we should be singled out for this honour? Think of the pipe-borne water they have promised us …” This way Roof manages to mesmerize the naive people into believing that Marcus is a great man and is going to do great things for their village.

Besides, Roof satisfies their desire for a share of Marcus’ earnings by giving them four shillings each. On the day of the election, Marcus entertains the people hiring a highlife band from Umuru. He sits in an enormous car and tries to impress the people with his wealth and eminence. He coins catchy slogans like ‘Vote for the car, and you will ride in it’. It is these strategies planned by Roof that ensure Marcus’ victory in the elections.

Question 4.
‘The Voter’ ridicules the power and selfishness of Marcus Ibe. Explain.
Answer:
‘The Voter’ highlights what kind of people become people’s leaders, how politics bestows wealth and power on them, and because of such people how elections become farcical. The two main characters in the story are Marcus and Roof, and the voters are the people of Umuofia. The whole focus of the plot is to ridicule greedy and selfish politicians and to show how they manage to corrupt the society also.

Marcus was a not-too-successful mission school teacher. When he was almost on the verge of dismissal on the basis of a female teacher’s complaint, he joined politics, got elected as a representative of Umuofja, and was made Minister of Culture. In about five years, people see a great many changes in Marcus’ life. Their elected representative becomes wealthy, is awarded chieftaincy titles and doctorate degrees besides many other honours. He also builds a huge mansion in his native village.

In a satirical tone, the writer says that Marcus had christened his new house ‘Umuofia Mansions’ in honour of his village and had slaughtered five bulls and countless goats to entertain the people on the day it was opened by the Archbishop. Marcus believed that, by entertaining people thus, people would respect him and would hold him in high esteem.

But the people are not naive and ignorant. They know where his ‘power’ and money come from. The people know that he had acquired all this only after they had elected him their representative giving their votes free of charge five years ago. Even after five years, the people and their village remained the same as before but Marcus had changed completely.

When Roof tells Marcus that a radical change had come into the thinking of Umuofia since the last election, like any other corrupt politician Marcus prepares himself to bribe the people. The people come prepared to demand their share of his wealth. Instead of demanding developmental work for their village, the people tell Roof that two shillings are too shameful and settle the deal for four shillings each. It is Marcus and Roof who blatantly offer money, tacitly admitting that they have used the public money selfishly for their own development, that the voter ridicules them by demanding more money for their vote, sending the message that real power to change the face of a village, town or country is in the hands of the voter and not selfish politicians like Marcus.

Question 5.
‘Roof was the most trusted of the whispering campaigners’. To what extent is this true in ‘The Voter’?
OR
To what extent was Roof the most trusted of the whispering campaigners in ‘The Voter’?
Answer:
When the story opens, we learn that Marcus is seeking re-election as a representative of Umuofia. Secondly, we also know that it was Roof who had worked for his success in the previous election. As a trusted whispering campaign manager of Marcus, he had been able to convince the people of Umuofia that Marcus would work for the welfare of the people and they would get many amenities like running water and electricity. Then, he had worked hard to get Marcus elected and had kindled the expectations of the people.

But, during the five years as people’s representative, Marcus proved to everyone how joining politics can be lucrative. He had also given gifts to Roof to retain him as his election campaigner for the coming election also. However, Roof was clever enough to perceive a change in the mood of the people and warned Marcus about it. That is why, in the whispering campaign, he goes armed with money bags to woo the voters.

Until the last day of the campaigning, Roof remains loyal and the most trusted of Marcus’ whispering campaigners. But, the visitor from POP cleverly lures Roof to promise his vote for Maduka offering a huge sum of money. It is at this juncture that we see a dent in his loyalty towards Marcus. Even though he knows that a half ballot paper is invalid as a person’s mandate, he tears the vote in two and puts one half into each box, thus resolving the moral dilemma in his mind. This way he is only comforting his conscience and does not remain functionally loyal to Marcus.

Question 6.
Do you think ‘the voter’ is right in demanding money to vote for Marcus Ibe? Explain.
Answer:
The people of Umuofia give their mandate to Marcus and get him elected as their representative believing that he would work for their welfare and upliftment. However, as his term rolls by, they witness a substantial change in Marcus’ status and wealth, while the people’s status remains the same. People realize how politics can make someone rich and powerful. They regret that they had underrated the power of their mandate, and so decide to demand a share of his earnings to cast their vote.

That is why, in the whispering campaign, when Roof offers each one of the two shillings, they tell him that it was too shameful to accept just two shillings from Marcus for their vote because Marcus was no longer a poor man and was doing great things like a great man. Then they agree to cast their vote taking four shillings each.

An election process in any democratic set up has high intrinsic value because it symbolizes people’s mandate and the elected representative becomes the voice of those people. Naturally, when the voters of Umuofia demand money to vote for Marcus, it only means that their real mandate has not given them what they needed and they remain in abject poverty as before. They have lost faith in elections as a means to achieve their welfare. The previous election may have failed them but they ought not to become corrupted. That will pave the way for further deterioration by building obstacles in the path to their own development. They are not right in demanding money.

Question 7.
‘The Voter’ is a comment on the awareness of voters. Discuss.
Answer:
In the story ‘The Voter’, Chinua Achebe satirizes ‘politicians’ and makes an attempt to show how even in a democratic setup election can become farcical because of ignorance, illiteracy, and corruption. The story also highlights how deep-rooted corruption in society can be.

Marcus Ibe, who was once a local mission school teacher, was now Chief the Honourable Minister of Culture in the outgoing government. During his term as a minister, he had amassed a lot of wealth. Thus, ‘politics’ had brought about a great change in the life of Marcus and Roof as well. But, the people of Umuofia had remained the same – poor, illiterate, ignorant, and naive – and their villages remained dry and wretched without even the basic amenities.

Marcus, who is seeking a second term, is sure that he is going to get a landslide victory because of the absence of any strong opposition party worth taking into consideration. But, this time, there is a change in the perception of the people. After feasting in Marcus’ new house and noticing the increase in his wealth and power, the poor people of Umuofia realize that elections do have a meaning and it is during elections that their votes have value.

They also know that it is ‘politics’ that has brought wealth and power to Marcus. They strike a bargain with Roof and agree to sell their vote for four shillings each. This way, the people of Umuofia shed their moral scruples and make up their minds to be satisfied with just a little share of the thief’s booty. Eventually, it is this strain in the people’s minds that helps a corrupt politician like Marcus to win elections with the least resistance.

Like Marcus, Roof also realizes how people’s elected representatives can become rich in a very short time. Having worked as his election manager, Roof extracts enough money as well as other benefits from Marcus during his first term. In the second term. Roof’s greed for wealth is kindled by another political party – the POR They know that it is Roof’s expertise in election campaigning that woos the voters of Umuofia and Roof is amply compensated by Marcus for his efforts.

The POP, with a view to making a dent in Marcus’ electorate, lures Roof with an offer of five pounds just to cast his vote for Maduka. Their intention is only to win over Roof to their side with the’ promise that he can make much more money from POP than from PAP. Once Roof bites the bait, they ensure that he is in their clutches, by forcing him to swear on the ‘iyi’. Though Roof is caught in a dilemma, he solves the conflict in his mind by tearing the ballot paper into two and casting his vote for both parties.

Thus, both the episodes prove how ‘corruption’ can ruin both the literate and the illiterate, the educated and the uneducated, and make democratic processes ineffective and farcical. The voters, who have been given the power to elect a leader who can help them improve their lives, use the very process of election to settle for a pittance and build obstacles in the path to their own development. This way they make a mockery of the electoral system.

Question 8.
Demanding money to vote for a particular person is not wrong. How is this brought out in ‘The Voter’?
Answer:
‘The Voter’, a short story by Chinua Achebe, happens in a village called Umuofia. It is a satirical and realistic portrayal of how corrupt politicians deceive people in elections and what mediatory strategies they use to woo the voters and subvert the power of the people’s mandate in choosing a leader df their choice. Incidentally, the author also seems to question the very basis of societal and ethical norms, socio-economic conditions of the people, moral decadence, etc. The corrupt and greedy political leader in the story is Marcus Ibe.

He is the Chief Honourable Minister of Culture in the outgoing government and is seeking re-election as a candidate of the PAR Soon after becoming the minister, Marcus had made use of his political status for his self-aggrandizement. In a period of five years, he had managed to amass a great deal of wealth, power, status, and public adulation. He had two long cars and had just built himself the biggest house in those parts. To top it all, on the day of the opening of his mansion, Marcus Ibe held a grand banquet for the people of the village slaughtering five bulls and countless goats. Thus, politics had made him richer.

On the other hand, the status of the people remained the same. They lived in abject poverty without even the basic amenities like electricity and drinking water. Though they had been watching how politics had brought wealth and power to Marcus, it had not dawned on them that it was the power of their vote which had given him all the comforts. After the feasting was over, the villagers told themselves that they had underrated the power of the ballot paper before and should not do it again. His election manager Roof was shrewd enough to understand the change in the attitude of the people. Therefore, he went to the whispering campaign armed with money and successfully bought their vote paying four shillings each to the leaders.

The question that arises now, is, whether demanding money to vote for a particular person is right? The author seems to argue that as long as politicians in a democratic set up fulfill their promises to the people and take care of their welfare, the question of buying votes does not arise at all. When politicians themselves flout all democratic norms and ideals and work only for their aggrandizement, there is nothing wrong with people demanding some value for their votes. This is brought out clearly in the story.

Ezenwa, the highest traditional title holder, says, “Marcus is a great man and does his things like a great man. We did not ask him for money yesterday; we shall not ask him tomorrow. But today is our day; we have climbed the iroko tree today and would be foolish not to take down all the firewood we need”. Thus, one can rightly conclude that demanding money to vote for a particular person is not wrong.

Question 9.
‘The Voter’ presents the role of money and ridicules its power in an election. Explain.
Answer:
‘The Voter’, a short story by Chinua Achebe, happens in a village called Umuofia. It is a satirical and realistic portrayal of how corrupt politicians deceive people in elections and what mediatory strategies they use to woo the voters and subvert the power of the people’s mandate in choosing a leader df their choice. Incidentally, the author also seems to question the very basis of societal and ethical norms, socio-economic conditions of the people, moral decadence, etc. The corrupt and greedy political leader in the story is Marcus Ibe. He is the Chief Honourable Minister of Culture in the outgoing government and is seeking re-election as a candidate of the PAR Soon after becoming the minister, Marcus had made use of his political status for his self-aggrandizement.

In a period of five years, he had managed to amass a great deal of wealth, power, status, and public adulation. He had two long cars and had just built himself the biggest house in those parts. To top it all, on the day of the opening of his mansion, Marcus Ibe held a grand banquet for the people of the village slaughtering five bulls and countless goats. Thus, politics had made him richer.

On the other hand, the status of the people remained the same. They lived in abject poverty without even the basic amenities like electricity and drinking water. Though they had been watching how politics had brought wealth and power to Marcus, it had not dawned on them that it was the power of their vote which had given him all the comforts. After the feasting was over, the villagers told themselves that they had underrated the power of the ballot paper before and should not do it again. His election manager Roof was shrewd enough to understand the change in the attitude of the people. Therefore, he went to the whispering campaign armed with money and successfully bought their vote paying four shillings each to the leaders.

The question that arises now, is, whether demanding money to vote for a particular person is right? The author seems to argue that as long as politicians in a democratic set up fulfill their promises to the people and take care of their welfare, the question of buying votes does not arise at all. When politicians themselves flout all democratic norms and ideals and work only for their aggrandizement, there is nothing wrong with people demanding some value for their votes.

This is brought out clearly in the story. Ezenwa, the highest traditional title holder, says, “Marcus is a great man and does his things like a great man. We did not ask him for money yesterday; we shall not ask him tomorrow. But today is our day; we have climbed the iroko tree today and would be foolish not to take down all the firewood we need”. Thus, one can rightly conclude that demanding money to vote for a particular person is not wrong.

The Voter Vocabulary

Use suitable prefixes to form antonyms:
A prefix is an affix which is placed before the stem of a word. Adding it to the beginning of one word changes it into another word.
Prefix – In-, Un-, Im-, Dis-

Question 1.

  1. Gratitude
  2. Certain
  3. Install
  4. Personal
  5. Honour
  6. Disputed
  7. Correct
  8. Mask
  9. Lawful
  10. Grateful
  11. Wavering
  12. Regard
  13. Perturbed
  14. Tolerant.

Answer:

  1. Ingratitude
  2. Uncertain
  3. Uninstall
  4. Impersonal
  5. Dishonour
  6. Undisputed
  7. Incorrect
  8. Unmask
  9. Unlawful
  10. Ungrateful
  11. Unwavering
  12. Disregard
  13. Unperturbed
  14. Intolerant.

Additional Exercises

A. Passive Voice:

Question 1.
The roof was a young man. He ______ (know) to everyone in Umuofia. The POP campaigner met him at night. No words _____ (waste) between them. Roof _____ (give) five pounds to vote for Maduka.
Answer:
was known; were wasted; was given.

Question 2.
Marcus Ibe was the PAP candidate. He ______ (warn) about the radical change in the thinking of Umuofia. So five months’ salary _______ (draw) in advance. His campaign boys _____ (arm) with eloquent little jute bags.
Answer:
was warned; was drawn; were armed.

Question 3.
Marcus Ibe was extremely generous to Roof. He ______ (ask) to lend one of his many robes by Roof. When Marcus Ibe’s wife objected, she ______ (rebuke) publicly by him. Roof won a land case because he _____ (drive) by a chauffeur to the disputed site.
Answer:
was asked; was rebuked; was driven.

Question 4.
The roof received a strange visit from the POP campaigner. Though the campaigner and Roof ______ (know) to each other, his visit was cold and business-like. No words _____ (exchange) between them. When the visitor placed five pounds on the floor, Roof ______ (mesmerize) by the picture of the cocoa farmer.
Answer:
were known; were exchanged; was mesmerized.

Question 5.
Marcus was doing things in a grand style. A high life band from Umuru ______ (hire) by him and it ______ (station) at a distance from the voting booth. Marcus sat in his car when last-minute advice ______ (give) to voters by Roof and others.
Answer:
had been hired; was stationed; was given.

Question 6.
The man nudged his companion and he brought forward an object that ______ (cover) with a red cloth. It was a fearsome little affair. It _____ (keep) in a clay pot and feathers ______ (stick) into it.
Answer:
was covered; was kept; were stuck.

B. Report the following conversation:

Question 1.
Roof: I work for Marcus Ibe.
POP campaigner: We have plenty of work to do tonight Are you taking this or not?
Roof: Will it not be heard outside this room?
POP campaigner: We are after votes, not gossip.
Answer:
Roof informed the POP campaigner that he worked for Marcus Ibe. The POP campaigner remarked that they had plenty of work to do that night. He further asked Roof whether he was taking that or not. Roof asked cautiously whether it would be heard outside that room. The POP campaigner stated that they were after votes and not gossip.

Question 2.
Roof: Do not forget. Our sign is the motor-car.
Woman: Is it like Marcus’s car?
Roof: It is the same car. Don’t look at the other with the man’s head.
Answer:
Roof implored the woman not to forget that their sign was the motor-car. The woman wanted to know whether it was like Marcus’s car. Roof replied that it was the same car. He also asked the woman not to look at the other with the man’s head.

Question 3.
POP campaigner: The iyi comes from Mbanta. Swear on it.
Roof: I will cast my paper for Maduka. But Maduka has no chance against Marcus.
POP campaigner: Maduka gives out pounds, not shillings.
Answer:
The POP campaigner informed Roof that the iyi came from Mbanta. He asked him to swear on that. Roof told him that he would cast his paper for Maduka. But he added that Maduka had no chance against Marcus. In response, the POP campaigner remarked that Maduka gave out pounds, and not shillings.

C. Fill in the blanks by choosing the appropriate expressions given in brackets:

Question 1.
Marcus knew that he would win but didn’t want _______ a single vote. So he asked his campaign boys to go one at a time and put in their ballot papers. At this time Roof was weighed down by guilt but pretended ______. (to be in high spirits, to throw away, pass by)
Answer:
to throw away; to be in high spirits.

Question 2.
The roof was ______ as he had sworn on iyi that he would vote for Maduka. However, on the day of the election, he wanted to hide it. Therefore he did not ______ his calm and confidence. (give up, face lit up, in a fix)
Answer:
in a fix; give up.

Question 3.
In Umuofia, everyone was _____ for Marcus Ibe. He was not like the mortar which as soon as food comes its way ____ on the ground. (looks down at, turns it is back, full of praise)
Answer:
full of praise; turns its back.

Question 4.
It was the time of the election. The campaign in Umuofia was ____. All knew that the honourable minister would have a _____. (in a soup, landslide victory, in full swing)
Answer:
in full swing; landslide victory.

Question 5.
The roof was disturbed on the morning of the election. Suddenly a thought _______ his mind and he _______ in his springy fashion towards the booth. (leapt into, gave out, dashed off)
Answer:
leapt into; dashed off.

Question 6.
Roof’s heart nearly ______ when he saw the iyi. Indeed he knew the fame of Mbanta in these things. What could a single vote cast in secret for Maduka ______ from Marcus’s certain victory? (get a few, few out, take away)
Answer:
flew out; take away.

D. Fill in the blanks with the appropriate linkers:

Question 1.
The roof was a young and energetic man. He never left his village _______ to seek work in the towns _____ decided to remain to guide his people. _____ he was very popular. ______ he was an expert in election campaigning. (moreover, but, in order to, so)
Answer:
in order to; but; So; Moreover.

Question 2.
Everything was moving according to the plan. ______ Roof had received a strange visit from the leader of the POP campaign team. ______ he and Roof were well-known ______ might even be called friends, the visit was business-like. He placed five pounds on the floor before Roof. ______ Roof spoke, his eyes never left the red notes on the floor. (and, although, then, as)
Answer:
Then; Although; and; As.

Question 3.
The roof was a very popular man in his village. ______ the villagers did not explain it in so many words, Roof’s popularity was a measure of their gratitude to an energetic young man ______ unlike most of his fellows nowadays, had not abandoned the village _____ seek any work in the towns. And Roof was not a village lout ______. (who, although, either, in order to)
Answer:
Although; who; in order to; either.

Question 4.
Roof’s heart nearly flew out _____ he saw the iyi ______ he knew the fame of Mbanta well. ____ he was certain that a single vote would not defeat Marcus. _____ he agreed to swear on the iyi. (hence, when, however, as)
Answer:
when; as; However; Hence.

The Voter by Chinua Achebe About the Writer:

Chinua Achebe (1930-2013) is a Nigerian novelist, poet, professor, and critic. Achebe’s novels focus on the traditions of Igbo society, the effect of Christian influences, and the clash of Western and traditional African values during and after the colonial era. His style relies heavily on the Igbo oral tradition and combines straightforward narration with representations of folk stories, proverbs, and oratory. He also published a number of short stories, children’s books, and essay collections. Some of his works are: ‘Things Fall Apart’, ‘Arrow Of God’, ‘No Longer At Ease’,’ Enemy Of The People’ and ‘Girls At War’.

The Voter Summary in English

In this short story, Achebe offers a satirical picture of how politics and elections generally work in modern African countries like Nigeria.

The protagonist of the story is Rufus Okeke – Roof for short. The majority of the Igbo people in the village are illiterate, backward, and poor. Though the administration of the town is in the hands of a democratic government comprising elected representatives of the people, the people have not yet realized the value of their mandate and are also not yet aware of their rights. It is election time now. The ruling party PAP (People’s Alliance Party) is seeking re-election. There is hardly any other party to obstruct or prevent the re-election of the existing government. One important aspect of this election is the re-election of Marcus Ibe, who is Minister of Culture in the outgoing government. The only other party, which appears to be a non-entity until now, is the POP – Progressive Organisation Party, and Maduka is its representative. The POP is making a strong attempt to garner some votes in its favour.

The focus of the author seems to be to capture the human drama in which a poor, pathetically innocent and naive people make a brave attempt to derive some monetary benefit during the election from a prospective candidate using the mediatory strategies of a literate young man of their town in when they have reposed a great deal of trust.

However, the crux of the plot is how this very same trusted representative of the people manages to strike a rich bargain with the opposition party as well and yet remain loyal to both the parties.

When the story opens, we are introduced to Rufus Okeke. He is a very popular man in the village. His popularity is due to the fact that unlike people of his age, Roof has not abandoned his village seeking work in the towns. Secondly, he is also not a village lout. People like him because they believe that he has given up a bright future and come back to their village on his own after spending two years as a bicycle repairer’s apprentice in Port Harcourt with the intention of guiding the people of the village.

In the next stage, the author tells us about the voters and the government. We learn that the whole village had voted en masse in favour of the People’s Alliance Party and elected Honourable Marcus Ibe of their village, who had become Minister of Culture in the outgoing government. The author tells us in a satirical tone that Marcus Ibe was sure to be re-elected because there was hardly any other opposition party worth considering. From this situation, the reader can infer the predicament of the innocent people pitted against greedy and power-thirsty politicians. In a tone veiled in mild satire, the author says that Roof, the trusted representative of the people of Umuofia, was working as the election campaign manager for the Honourable Minister Marcus Ibe, who was seeking re-election from Umuofia.

2nd PUC English Textbook Answers Springs Chapter 12 The Voter image - 1

The roof was more intelligent and cleverer than the common people of Umuofia. He had become a real expert in election campaigning at all levels – village, local government or national, that is why he was able to gauge the mood and temper of the electorate at any given time. This time, he has been intelligent enough to warn Marcus Ibe that a radical change has come into the thinking of the people in Umuofia since the last election. Thus he kindles the interest of the reader.

The villagers had come to realize that in five years, politics had brought wealth, chieftaincy titles, doctorate degrees and other honours readily to the man whom they had given their votes free of charge five years ago. It is also a paradox that the people who had empowered a person to enjoy such benefits themselves remained poor and ignorant. They did not even know that a doctorate degree holder is not a medical doctor. Anyhow, the people were now ready to try the value of their votes in a different way.

The author then narrates the expectations of the people in Umuofia. The people had now witnessed the ‘good’ things done by politics to their own elected representative Marcus Ibe. Before getting elected, he was only a fairly successful mission school teacher and was on the verge of getting dismissed on the basis of a female teacher’s complaint. Just at that moment, politics had come to their village and at that opportune moment Marcus Ibe had wisely joined up. By doing so he had escaped dismissal.

Secondly, he got elected and became ‘Chief the Honourable’ in the government. Consequently, he got two long cars and had built himself the biggest house in that village. But, he remained a devoted leader of his people. In a satirical tone, the author says that whenever he could, he left the good things of the capital and returned to his village which had neither running water nor electricity, but he had lately installed a private plant to supply electricity to his new house in the village. The writer comments that Marcus knew the source of his good fortune hinting that it is the people of Umuofia who are responsible for his prosperity.

Marcus Ibe had christened his new house ‘Umuofia Mansions’ in honour of his village and on the day the house was opened, he had hosted a grand lunch to his people slaughtering five bulls and countless goats. Moreover, the house was opened by the Archbishop. Thus the writer gives a rosy picture of the eminence and prosperity of Marcus which politics had bestowed on him.

The author describes the reactions of the people of Umuofia after they had enjoyed Marcus’s hospitality. There is subtle irony in the description. The people are full of praise for Marcus’ hospitality. But, they also know that Marcus owes his riches to his getting elected and joining the government. We can perceive a tone of regret when the people conclude after the feasting was over that they had underrated the power of the ballot paper earlier and that they should not do it again. This is the radical change in people’s attitude towards casting their ballot paper in an election free of charge without expecting any benefits.

Since Roof had already warned Marcus Ibe about it, Marcus had also taken suitable measures to meet the expectations of the people. “He had drawn five months’ salary in advance and changed a few hundred pounds into shining shillings and had armed his campaign boys with eloquent little jute bags”. Having sensed that the people of Umuofia will not cast their ballot paper in his favour, free of cost, Marcus had sent money to bribe and persuade the voters to vote for him. The contesting candidate would make his speeches in the morning and at night his expert election managers would conduct their whispering campaign.

Here ‘whispering campaign’ refers to the way election managers visit voters’ houses in the evening after sunset and tell the voters about the prospect of their candidate becoming minister. Thereby they appeal to people’s self-esteem and the honour that is going to be bestowed on their town and finally bribe them into casting their vote in favour of their political party.

We see how the radical change in people brings about a change in the nature of the election process and affects the sanctity of the people’s mandate.

We witness a whispering campaign conducted by Roof in the house of Ogbuefi Ezenwa, a man of the high traditional title. Roof addresses a group of elders and tells them that his party PAP has made a man of their village a minister in the outgoing government. Roof tries to argue that it is a great honour for one of their sons to be singled out for this honour. Then he tells them that PAP leaders look upon Umuofia with a favourable attitude and whether they cast their vote in his favour or not, PAP will form the government. He also tries to hint at the promise made by PAP to the people of Umuofia that they will give pipe-borne water to their village.

After Roof had finished talking, Ogbuefi Ezenwa spoke to Roof. He tells him that they believe as true every word he has said and every one of them would cast his vote for Marcus. He also promises to get their wives’ votes too in his favour. But, he then tells him straightaway that it is shameful to accept two shillings for their vote. He then says that if Marcus were a poor man they would give their vote free as they had done it before. Then the old leader argues that Marcus is a great man and does his things like a great man. Then he tells Roof that they did not demand money before and they will not ask him in future.

The writer also uses the same language to mock at Roof. He says that Roof had also lately been taking down a ‘lot of firewood’ from Marcus. The previous day, he had taken a rich robe from Marcus. Moreover, Marcus himself had rebuked his wife when she objected to Roof taking his fifth bottle of beer from the refrigerator. Furthermore, Roof had been chauffeur-driven to the disputed site, about a land case which he won. Having enjoyed all such benefits from Marcus, Roof understood the demands of the elders. Therefore, he finally drops two more shillings in front of each one of them and tells them in a tone of finality that he is through with it, and pretends to be defiant. Then he ends his campaign with the sentence, “Cast your paper for the enemy if you like!” The elders quickly calm him down with a placatory speech agreeing to vote for Marcus, and pick up the coins on the floor, with a feeling that they have not lost their decorum and dignity in the bargain.

The author has until now introduced the reader to the existing situation. Now he is going to talk about the opposition party. The author here satirises how opposition parties come into being and how sincere they are in their objectives and in their fighting strategies.

In his ‘whispering campaign’, Roof had asked the elders, in the end, to give their vote to the enemy. The enemy of PAP was a new party called the Progressive Organisation Party (POP). It had been formed by the tribes down the coast. The founders of the party claimed that they had founded the party to save themselves from “totally political, cultural, social and religious annihilation”. The party organizers (of POP) knew that they had no chance of winning against the PAP, yet they had taken the plunge for a straight fight with PAP. They had provided cars and loudspeakers to a few rascals and thugs to go around and make a lot of noise. The author hints that they had also spent a lot of money in Umuofia. The writer comments that such money will only make the local campaigners very rich.

The action now reaches the climax. The writer tells the reader that as the election day was approaching nearer, for Roof “everything was moving as planned”.

One evening the leader of the POP campaign team comes to visit Roof. Although they were well known to each other, his visit is cold and businesslike. He places five pounds on the floor before Roof and tells him that they want his vote. Roof immediately gets up from his chair, closes the outside door carefully and comes back to his chair. Within that short time Roof has weighed the proposition. Roof tries to give a reason to the other person for not accepting his proposition. Roof tells him that he was working for Marcus and it would be very bad to accept it. But the other person had come prepared for such an answer. So he tells him that Marcus would not be there when Roof puts his ballot paper in the box. Then, in a dismissive tone, he tells Roof that they have plenty of work to do that night, and asks him whether he is going to accept it or not.

Roof asks him whether anyone would talk about it outside. The other man tells him categorically that they wanted votes and not gossip. Roof accepts the money. Then they get Roof to swear that he would vote for Maduka in front of a little object called ‘iyi’, which had been brought from Mbanta. However, Roof does not hesitate but says aloud that he would cast his vote for Maduka, failing which the ‘iyi’ will take note. The other man is satisfied and leaves. Before he leaves Roof tells him that Maduka has no chance of winning against Marcus. But the other person tells him that it would be enough if he gets a few votes that time, and he “would get more in the following election. All that they wanted was to make the people know that Maduka will give pounds and not shillings”.

The narrator describes the town and the mood of the people. We learn that Chief the Honourable Marcus Ibe was doing things in grand style. He hires a highlife band from Umuru and stations it at a distance considered lawful. Many villagers dance to the music before proceeding to the booths. Some people shake hands with the great man ‘Marcus’ and congratulate him in advance. Roof and his campaign boys give last-minute advice to the people and try to win Marcus’ appreciation. The writer then tells us that Marcus was a stickler for details. He wants to ensure that not a single vote goes to the other party. Therefore, as soon as the first rush of voters is over, he promptly asks his campaign boys to go one at a time and put in their ballot papers. He asks Roof to go first.

Roof dashes off towards the booths without any hesitation. After the electoral officer has explained to him about the two boxes, he goes in and sees the two boxes one of which has the picture of the car and the other, the head. Roof brings out his ballot paper and looks at it. He does not like to betray Marcus even in secret. For a few seconds, he feels like going back to the other man and returning his five pounds. Then he realizes that it is impossible because he has sworn on that ‘iyi’. Then he recalls the red five-pound notes. Roof’s mind works quick as lightning. He folds the paper, tears it in two along the crease and puts one half in each box. He puts the first half into Maduka’s box and says to himself aloud, “I vote for Maduka”, and comes out. The election officials mark his thumb with indelible purple ink and he walks out of the booth as jauntily as he has gone in.

The Voter Summary in Kannada

2nd PUC English Textbook Answers Springs Chapter 12 The Voter image - 2
2nd PUC English Textbook Answers Springs Chapter 12 The Voter image - 3
2nd PUC English Textbook Answers Springs Chapter 12 The Voter image - 4
2nd PUC English Textbook Answers Springs Chapter 12 The Voter image - 5
2nd PUC English Textbook Answers Springs Chapter 12 The Voter image - 6
Glossary:

  • Port Harcourt: the capital of Rivers State, Nigeria.
  • Umuofia: one of a fictional group of nine villages in Nigeria, inhabited by the Igbo people
  • en masse: in one group or body; altogether
  • ozo feast: highest and most important magico-religious festival in the Igbo clan of Nigeria.
  • iroko tree: is a large hardwood tree from the west coast of tropical Africa; it is a tree which grows very high and which is very difficult to climb but which yields very good quality timber; Native deity; something with magical powers – anyone swearing an oath on an iyi would be afraid to violate his oath because if he did so he would be cursed and punished terribly
  • landslide victory: a victory by a large margin; a very substantial victory, particularly in an election
  • mesmerize: to hold the complete attention bf; spellbind
  • a village lout: a rude, young man (derogatory); a simpleton
  • chieftaincy titles: titles given to important people in a village
  • naivety: without the experience of social rules or behaviour
  • eloquent: expressing or showing something very strongly without words
  • the host: the holy bread eaten in the Christian service of the Communion
  • deign: to lower oneself to do something one considers unimportant
  • decorum: behaviour/appearance showing proper respect for the manners and customs of society
  • annihilation: complete destruction
  • Mbanta: the name of a place known for people who could prepare very powerful iyis
  • sidled: to move uncertainly or secretively as if ready to turn and go the other way
  • Abina pickinim de born?: Is he giving birth to a child?
  • indelible: marks that cannot be rubbed out; permanent
  • jauntily: confident and pleased with life
  • lout: a clumsy, crude person
  • complete non-entity: entirely unimportant person
  • christened: named
  • stickler: a person who absolutely insists on something
  • muffled: deadened or suppressed
  • non-entity: a person without much ability, character or importance
  • Ozo feast: ‘Ozo’ is the name of a title conferred on a man for meritorious deeds; Ozo feast is a grand feast during which such a title is conferred on a man

The main aim is to share the knowledge and help the students of 2nd PUC to secure the best score in their final exams. Use the concepts of Karnataka 2nd PUC English Answers Chapter 12 The Voter in Real time to enhance your skills. If you have any doubts you can post your comments in the comment section, We will clarify your doubts as soon as possible without any delay.

2nd PUC English Textbook Answers Springs Chapter 7 The Gardener

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Karnataka 2nd PUC English Textbook Answers Springs Chapter 7 The Gardener

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The Gardener Questions and Answers, Notes, Summary

The Gardener Comprehension I

The Gardener Notes KSEEB Solution Question 1.
What qualities of the old man impressed the narrator?
Answer:
The old man impressed the narrator by his eyes suffused with strange memories and native intelligence. He had strong muscular arms, grey hairs and a beak-like nose. He had a newspaper tucked under his arm and a spade in his hands. The narrator felt the old man was a labourer, overseer and philosopher all rolled into one – a multi-dimensional personality.

The Gardener Summary KSEEB Solution Question 2.
Is it a significant factor that the old man came to the garden after walking hundreds of miles?
Answer:
Yes. The narrator learns from the old man that he had come to that garden after he had walked hundreds of miles. This fact becomes significant because, when he left his place, his intention was to die but once he came there the coconut grove and the place probably convinced him that he could live there comfortably. Moreover, before reaching this place he may have received the news of Basavaiah’s death and must have realized that life or death had no meaning for him. This transformation in his mindset may have prompted him to settle there.

The Gardener 2nd Puc Notes KSEEB Solution Question 3.
The owner of the garden became lethargic because
a. the income of the garden improved dramatically.
b. he had become dependent upon the gardener.
c. there was nothing much left for the owner to do.
Answer:
(c) there was nothing much left for the owner to do.

The Gardener Summary 2nd Puc KSEEB Solution Question 4.
Why did the owner’s wife start worrying about the strange ways of her husband?
Answer:
The owner of the coconut plantation was quite normal. He was working hard to bring about improvement in his earnings. Probably he had little expertise in managing agricultural workers. Therefore, he was looking for someone who would help him. That is why, the moment he spoke to the old man (Tamanna) he felt that he had got the kind of man he wanted. His expectations proved right and the old man helped him in every way and solved all his problems, which eventually resulted in increase in his income.

Once his worries disappeared and he had hardly any work to engage himself in, his personal attention went towards acquiring property and social prestige. It is quite natural that with social prestige also follow certain vices among which adultery was one. Adultery affects any woman. All along, her husband had been faithful to her and once his wife came to know that he was spending his money and time with other women, she got seriously worried. She found it hard to decide whether the arrival of the old man had done good or bad to her husband.

The Gardener Question Answer KSEEB Solution Question 5.
When did the old man decide to narrate his story?
Answer:
The old man, who had settled there in the coconut plantation for good, had watched the activities of the owner. Initially, the owner used to show interest in improving his plantation. Once the old man had solved all the problems, the owner had plenty of leisure and he became lazy. Secondly, he had more money which led him to expand his plantation. Then he had turned his gaze towards acquiring property and social prestige. Then he cultivated certain vices among which adultery was one.

One day, he saw the owner’s wife in the plantation. He saw her looking worried. He guessed that her husband’s activities had given her the worries. Therefore, when he saw her in the plantation he thought he should narrate his own story and try to caution her about her husband. He had understood the way we face ups and downs in our life. By doing so, he probably believed that she might be able to convince her husband about his mistakes and set his life right.

The Gardener Kseeb Solutions KSEEB Solution Question 6.
Tammanna considers his rival, Sangoji/Basavaiah, an important possession because
a. competition helps in the development of an individual.
b. Sangoji/Basavaiah leads a more colourful life.
c. rivalry offers new possibilities of life for him.
Answer:
(c) rivalry offers new possibilities of life for him.

2nd Puc English The Gardener Notes KSEEB Solution Question 7.
“No, his name was not Sangoji, but Basavaiah,” said the old man because
a. he had really forgotten the name.
b. he wanted to keep the identity of his rival a secret
c. he was fictionalizing his past.
Answer:
(c) he was fictionalizing his past.

Question 8.
What unique strategy did Tammanna conceive to annihilate Basavaiah?
Answer:
When Tammanna came to know that Basavaiah had forcibly acquired two hundred acres of his land, he could not tolerate this invasion. Though his supporters explained to him all the means available to him, he was not satisfied with them because he knew that sooner or later Basavaiah would again try to outdo him by hook or by crook. Tammanna did not want Basavaiah to trouble him again. So, he hit on a unique plan. He took recourse to singing ballads and telling the people through them about the cruelty and the meanness of Basavaiah. This way he thought he could annihilate him completely.

Question 9.
Why does Basavaiah start inviting scholars and musicians to his place?
OR
How did Basavaiah try to overcome his humiliation?
Answer:
Once Tammanna started making mention of Basavaiah’s cruelty and meanness in his songs, Tammanna became very popular among scholars of folklore and critics. Basavaiah watched all this in humiliation. Basavaiah tried to redress his humiliation by acquiring material wealth. He bedecked himself with gold, diamonds and other precious stones, and started living in a palatial mansion. But the visitors to his house told him that his house looked dull and empty because Tammanna’s books were not there. Basavaiah thought of investing his home with meaning by inviting scholars, poets and musicians to his place.

Question 10.
What was Basavaiah’s ray of hope in his attempts to outwit Tammanna?
Answer:
When Basavaiah failed in all his attempts to outwit Tammanna, he came to know that Tammanna had fallen ill. This news cheered up Basavaiah’s spirits. This gave him a ray of hope that by keeping himself healthy he could outwit Tammanna who was ill. Tammanna’s disease became Basavaiah’s health.

Question 11.
Tammanna decides to give up everything and leave the place because of
a. he sees no purpose in living there.
b. he wants to create an impression that he is dead.
c. he wants to put an end to the rivalry.
Answer:
(b) he wants to create an impression that he is dead.

Question 12.
Tammanna forgets his songs and ballads because
a. he finds them futile.
b. he doesn’t need them anymore.
c. he avenges himself.
Answer:
(b) he doesn’t need them anymore.

The Gardener Comprehension II

Question 1.
How did the owner’s lifestyle change after the arrival of the old man?
OR
“The old man’s stay on the farm led to many changes in the owner’s lifestyle.” Illustrate with details from the short story to support this statement.
Answer:
The owner had been working hard to improve his plantation, but there were many problems which he had not been able to solve. However, when the old man met him, he came to know that the old man was well-versed in agriculture and had native intelligence. Therefore he appointed him immediately. His expectations proved right. The old man proved his worth in solving all the problems. Consequently, the income from the garden improved dramatically. This caused a perceptible change in the lifestyle of the owner. He expanded his plantation.

However, he became lethargic and shied away from hard work. His wealth and social prestige also increased. He acquired a number of friends in the next town as well as in his own village. Even though he had precious little to do, his life became crowded with colourful events. He cultivated umpteen vices including adultery.

Question 2.
What advice did the supporters of Tammanna give for getting back his land?
Answer:
When Basavaiah acquired Tammanna’s two hundred acres forcibly, Tammanna could not tolerate this invasion. Tammanna’s supporters advised him about the various methods available for getting back his land. They told him that he could go to the court of law. He could also take recourse to the police. If he did not want to do either, there were any number of persons ready to attack Basavaiah and using force and violence to wrest his land from him.

Question 3.
How did Tammanna react to Basavaiah’s encroachment of his land?
Answer:
When Tammanna-came to know that Basavaiah had forcibly taken away two hundred acres of his land, he could not tolerate this invasion. When his supporters advised him to either go to the court or seek the help of the police or ask some persons to attack Basavaiah and take back his land forcibly, Tammanna hit on a unique idea, of annihilating Basavaiah. He thought of getting all his experiences composed in the form of ballads and telling the people through them about the cruelty and the meanness of Basavaiah.

Question 4.
How did Basavaiah try to overcome his humiliation?
Answer:
When Tammanna started singing ballads through which he told the people about Basavaiah’s cruelty and his meanness, he became very popular. Many scholars of folklore and literary critics translated his songs and earned their share of the fame. All this made Basavaiah shrink in humiliation. However, he tried to redress his humiliation by acquiring more material wealth and luxuries. He got a palatial mansion built for himself. He appointed a number of persons just to praise him. He bedecked himself with gold, diamonds, and other precious stones. He even started inviting scholars, poets and musicians to his place with the intention of investing his home with meaning.

The Gardener Comprehension III

Question 1.
The rivalry between Tammanna and Basavaiah keeps moving from the visible domain to the invisible. Comment.
Answer:
In the beginning, there appeared to be a healthy competition between Tammanna and Basavaiah. Tammanna did not take Basavaiah as his rival at all. Therefore, when Basavaiah acquired fifteen admirers to outdo Tammanna’s ten friends, it did not come to Tammanna’s notice at all. Tammanna did whatever he wanted without bothering about Basavaiah. But Basavaiah did not keep quiet. When he came to know that Tammanna possessed one thousand acres of land, and he had only eight hundred, he could not tolerate this. He sent word to Tammanna asking him to sell two hundred acres to him. Tammanna did not agree.

On the contrary, he offered to buy all the land that belonged to Basavaiah. Therefore, Basavaiah went along with his people and acquired two hundred acres of Tammanna’s land forcibly and got a fence built around it. Tammanna could not tolerate this invasion. Later, when his supporters suggested to him that he could go to the court of law or the police or use his own people to attack him and forcibly wrest his land from him, Tammanna did not accept their suggestion. Tammanna probably thought that competing with Basavaiah by physical means has no end to it because it depends on who is able to muster more muscle power. Muscle power has its own limitations. Secondly, muscle power needs the involvement of many more people apart from Tammanna.

Moreover, as long as both of them were fighting by visible means people will not know who was trying to compete with whom. Until then, Basavaiah was the first one to show to the people he had more land, more friends, more wealth, etc. Tammanna never did anything to spite Basavaiah. Whatever Tammanna did, was on his natural inclination and not to spite Basavaiah. Therefore, Tammanna realized the limitations of competing with Basavaiah by physical means. That is why he thought of putting an end to the unhealthy rivalry of Basavaiah by taking recourse to something invisible. He took recourse to singing ballads and telling the people through them about the cruelty and the meanness of Basavaiah.

Question 2.
How does Tammanna adopt a counter-strategy to challenge the material wealth of Basavaiah?
Answer:
When Tammanna came to know that the rivalry between him and Basavaiah had reached a peak and that two hundred acres of his land had been forcibly taken away from him and had been even fenced up, Tammanna hit on a plan of annihilating Basavaiah completely. He got all his bitter experiences with Basavaiah composed in the form of ballads and started singing them before the people, announcing to everyone Basavaiah’s cruelty and his meanness. This way his reputation as an artist started spreading fast and critics and scholars of folklore thronged him and translated his songs.

Question 3.
Tammanna turns reflective in the course of his life. What does this tell us about human nature?
Answer:
‘The Gardener’ is the story of Tammanna, an old man, now employed in a coconut plantation. Though the story is initially narrated by the author, Tammanna himself becomes the narrator later. Tammanna is the protagonist in the story and he tells the story of the rivalry between two farmers Tammanna and Basavaiah. Though Tammanna is one of the characters in the story, the narrator does not disclose his identity till the end. The second narrator tells us that Tammanna was a farmer, had ten acres of land, a comfortable house and people too ready to carry out his orders. Then he tells us about his rival Basavaiah.

We learn from the narrator that Tammanna did not perceive Basavaiah as his rival initially. Tammanna led a normal life and became prosperous gradually and came to possess 1000 acres of land. Until some point whatever Basavaiah did to keep himself on par with Tammanna was seen as healthy competition.

But, one day, Basavaiah asks Tammanna to sell him his two hundred acres of land and Tammanna refuses. Basavaiah takes the land forcibly. Though there were various options available for getting his land back, Tammanna searches for a method that could annihilate Basavaiah completely. Instead of proving might is right or seeking justice from the court of law, Tammanna uses a different strategy. He composes and sings ballads about Basavaiah’s meanness and cruelty. Very soon Tammanna becomes very popular and Basavaiah has no answer to his brainy ideas.

Secondly, Tammanna having found meaningful engagement in ‘art’ forgets Basavaiah’s bad deeds. Just when Basavaiah is contemplating what to do next to spite Tammanna, he comes to know that Tammanna is ill. Basavaiah is pleased with the news. But their rivalry does not end there. Tammanna decides to outbeat him by manipulating the situation itself. He gives up everything and goes away to Chennarayapatna so as to spread the news that Tammanna is dead. Later Basavaiah dies a natural death. When Tammanna comes to know about his death, he becomes reflective. Though there is no cause-effect relationship between the rumour of Tammanna’s death and Basavaiah’s real death, Tammanna is shaken out of his senses.

Until then both Basavaiah and Tammanna indulged in rivalry to satisfy their ego. With the death of Basavaiah, Tammanna loses his identity and he becomes a non-entity. This makes Tammanna reflect over human nature and comes to the conclusion that man needs some issue to fight for or cling on to. In this game, when the loser dies it is natural for the winner to feel guilty. He suffers from a sense of guilt that he was responsible for Basavaiah’s death. Naturally, when Tammanna is accused by his own conscience, he becomes reflective. When one becomes reflective, one tends to review one’s own actions objectively. We do not normally attach emotions to our thinking and then we discover what went wrong and where. Here, both Tammanna and Basavaiah have not done anything ‘bad’ intentionally. They only fought imaginary battles and lived in a dream world of their own.

Man is mortal and all the glory that man believes to enjoy is created by our mind. Man is a dreamer and lives in a dream world of his own. Since man’s life has its own limitations, man’s dream and reality rarely go in unison. When reality overtakes man, the man comes to realize that he is only a puppet in the scheme of things and man is in reality ‘nothing’, but builds up his own image to boost his confidence so that life becomes meaningful as long as he is alive.

Question 4.
How does the reference to Russia and America provide another dimension to the story?
Answer:
‘The Gardener’ presents the story of two farmers who get actively involved in rivalry and each one tries to overtake the other in earnings, wealth and social prestige. But, at one point, Basavaiah takes recourse to force and forcibly occupies a part of Tammanna’s landholdings. Until now both of them had tried to upstage the other using tangible means. But now Tammanna realizes the limitations of muscle power and so uses his ‘intellect’ to unleash a strategy by which he wishes to annihilate Basavaiah completely. He gets all his bitter experiences with Basavaiah composed in the form of ballads and songs and sings them in public.

Thus, Tammanna tries to give a fitting reply to Basavaiah’s use of physical force and so their fight takes a psychological dimension. Basavaiah fails to match up to the manipulatory tactics of Tammanna and shrinks in humiliation. However, he tries to console his wounded pride by indulging in luxurious living. No matter what he does, he does not succeed in upstaging Tammanna. It is at this stage higher forces play their own role. Tammanna falls ill and Basavaiah enjoys psychologically telling himself that Tammanna’s disease is Basavaiah’s health. This way, Basavaiah gets the satisfaction of finding a reason to keep himself happy. So, here the story has now passed from the physical dimension to the psychological dimension.

At this stage, Tammanna comes out with another plan. He plans to use something beyond man’s life. Tammanna thinks that as long as Basavaiah knows that he is alive, Basavaiah will continue to take him as his rival. So Tammanna hits on an idea which works at a level higher than the physical and psychological level. His plan is to beat Basavaiah on another plane, which is beyond man’s limits. He knows for sure that if Basavaiah comes to think that Tammanna is dead, Basavaiah will stop treating him as his rival. Tammanna goes away to Chennarayapatna and spreads the news that Tammanna is dead. It is sheer coincidence that Basavaiah dies a natural death. But Tammanna comes to feel guilty that he was the cause of his death. This incident brings him back to his senses and he reflects over his life.

Now, after the death of Basavaiah, Tammanna has become a non-entity. When he reflects over their mutual game plans, Tammanna realizes that man invents several reasons to make his life meaningful. He also realizes that man can go on indulging in whims and fancies until a certain age only. Later, when the man comes to confront reality, he comes to see the truth. Then he becomes spiritual. That is when a man realizes his limitations. Thus we see the plot taking several dimensions from physical to psychological and then to spiritual.

But, this story also takes another dimension. Earlier, stories that used to focus on man’s vices like cruelty, meanness, greed, jealousy, rivalry, etc., used to be portrayed on a smaller canvas and the stories used to be confined to people living in towns, cities and kingdoms. We are now in the post-modern society and the common man is now being influenced by global forces. In traditional societies, solutions to man’s mundane, existential problems used to be found locally. A king or a Lord or a chieftain or a zamindar used to dispense justice. But this story is situated in a post-modern society.

When Basavaiah acquires Tammanna’s land forcibly, Tammanna’s followers offer three solutions – seek the help of the police; seek a legal solution; or take recourse to use muscle power. The three strategies suggested by Tammanna’s followers saturate this story in the post-modern scenario. Their thinking exhibits a modern world where police, law court and mafia exist. Even at the national and international levels, big countries like Russia and America follow such strategies.

The fact that Tammanna makes a reference to Russia and America, is only a hint by the author that the problems of ‘man’ in the modern society cannot be confined to the war between ‘virtues and vices’ of the yesteryears but man’s problems are complex and are reflected at the global level also.

Similarly, when Tammanna makes a reference to Russia’s declaration to America that America is not their enemy and she will not wage a war against America, it is only a strategy by the writer to suggest that Tammanna and Basavaiah belong to post-modern society. One can also infer that a literary artist in the modern world cannot be blind to man’s problems in general and try to suggest solutions at the local level. Man’s problems are deep-rooted and have implications at different levels. Man’s problems go beyond a nation and though problems of human society are the same, they assume different dimensions as human society becomes more and more complex every day.

Question 5.
Observe how the story employs multiple narratives. How does this technique unveil the mystery of human relationships?
Answer:
In the short story ‘The Gardener’ by P. Lankesh, there is a story within a story and there are two narrators.
In the first story, the author in the persona of the first-person narrator introduces the protagonist Tammanna and the story of the owner of the coconut plantation. Then, the first narrator makes way for the second narrator to take over. Interestingly, in the story, the narrator is the protagonist and tells his own story to the second owner’s wife. However, the narrator employs the third-person narrative style and distances himself from the story. Thus ‘The Gardener’ is an example of the use of multiple narratives.

Multiple narratives describe a type of story that follows several protagonists rather than focusing on one main character. In some cases, writers choose this structure to show the individual perspectives of characters in a larger ‘macro story’ and how they relate to each other. ‘The Gardener’ is an example of the second type. Tammanna is the protagonist in both stories.

In the first story, we learn how Tammanna uses his own biography to indirectly give a message to the owner’s wife. He gives to the lady his own perspective of human life and experience. The author has used this technique of multiple narratives to reveal the mystery of human relationships.

In his own life, Tammanna has learnt lessons of being proactive in a rivalry with Basavaiah. He plays his game with Basavaiah, only until he dies. Basavaiah’s death comes as a revelation to him about human nature. Only then does he theorise saying ‘man does not live with the intention of acquiring wealth, or education or art but for some kind of unbearable vengefulness’. Until then, both Basavaiah and Tammanna showed a keen interest in fighting and a zest for life. But once Basavaiah dies, Tammanna loses all enthusiasm for life. He says he is a non-entity now.

Now he has become philosophical. Therefore, when he finds the owner of the coconut plantation cultivating all kinds of vices and the lady getting desperate about her husband, the ‘guilt’ about Basavaiah’s death that was pricking his conscience gets transformed into a virtue or a positive force and that motivates him to tell his own story objectively to the owner’s wife.

Had not the author used multiple narrative structures, Tammanna’s story could not have come out as a story to educate the owner’s wife. Thus, multiple narrative structures is able to unveil the mystery of human relationships.

The Gardener Additional Questions and Answers

I. Answer the following questions in a word, a phrase, or a sentence each:

Question 1.
When, according to the narrator, does man lose his name?
Answer:
After a particular age.

Question 2.
When did Tammanna forget all his songs and ballads?
OR
Whose death made Tammanna forget his songs and ballads in ‘The Gardener’?
Answer:
After the death of Basavaiah/ Death of Basavaiah.

Question 3.
Where was the coconut grove where the narrator met the old man?
Answer:
Near Chennarayapatna.

Question 4.
How big was the plantation when the old man took over?
Answer:
Ten acres.

Question 5.
What was the most important possession ofTammanna?
OR
Whom did Tammanna consider as the most important among all his possessions?
Answer:
His rival Sangoji or Basavaiah.

Question 6.
Who was Tammanna’s rival?
Answer:
Basavaiah.

Question 7.
How much of Tammanna’s land did Basavaiah acquire forcibly at first?
OR
How many acres of land did Basavaiah encroach?
Answer:
Two hundred acres.

Question 8.
When did the rivalry between Tammanna and Basavaiah move from the visible to the abstract level?
Answer:
When Tammanna composed ballads mentioning Basavaiah’s cruelty and his meanness and sang them, the rivalry between Tammanna and Basavaiah moved from the visible to the abstract level.

Question 9.
Mention one of the ways suggested by Tammanna’s followers to get back his encroached land.
Answer:
‘Going to the court of law seeking justice’ was one of the ways suggested by Tammanna’s followers to get back his encroached land.

Question 10.
What was the theme of Tammanna’s songs?
OR
Whose cruelty and meanness did Tammanna’s songs make mention of?
Answer:
The theme of Tammanna’s songs was cruelty, meanness and the injustice done to him by Basavaiah.

Question 11.
Tammanna’s disease was Basavaiah’s
(a) health
(b) weakness
(c) sorrow.
Answer:
(a) health.

Question 12.
When, according to Tammanna, did Basavaiah have no more reason to live?
Answer:
According to Tammanna, the moment he left the town and disappeared from Basavaiah’s sight, Basavaiah did not have any reason to live.

Question 13.
What became the main reason of Tammanna’s life?
Answer:
Punishing or annihilating Basavaiah for the injustice, cruelty, and meanness showed by him was the main reason of Tammanna’s life.

Question 14.
Where did the narrator meet the old man by chance?
OR
Where did the author notice the old man standing with a spade in one hand and a newspaper tucked under his arm?
Answer:
The author or the narrator noticed the man standing in a coconut grove near Chennarayapatna.

Question 15.
What had the old man tucked under his arm when the narrator met him?
Answer:
The old man had a newspaper tucked under his arm.

Question 16.
What came to an end after the old man’s arrival in the garden?
OR
When did the petty thefts come to an end?
Answer:
The petty thefts in the garden came to an end after the old man’s arrival.

Question 17.
Who became apprehensive about the plantation owner’s vices?
Answer:
The owner’s wife became apprehensive about the owner’s adultery and his umpteen other vices, cultivated lately.

Question 18.
How many acres of land did Tammanna finally have?
Answer:
Tammanna finally had only eight hundred acres of land.

Question 19.
What did Basavaiah do to counter Tammanna’s fame as a poet?
Answer:
To counter Tammanna’s fame as a poet, Basavaiah started inviting scholars, poets and musicians to his place.

Question 20.
Who became lethargic after the arrival of the old man in ‘The Gardener’?
Answer:
In The Gardener’, the owner of the plantation in Chennarayapatna became lethargic after the arrival of the old man.

Question 21.
Whose name is said to be Sangoji and later corrected as Basavaiah in ‘The Gardener’?
Answer:
In The Gardener’, it is Tammanna’s rival whose name is said to be Sangoji and later corrected as Basavaiah.

Question 22.
Who hit upon the idea of composing and singing ballads in ‘The Gardener’?
Answer:
In The Gardener’, Tammanna hit upon the idea of composing and singing ballads.

Question 23.
Who was felicitated as the best poet of his times in ‘The Gardener’?
Answer:
In The Gardener’, it was Tammanna who was felicitated as the best poet of his times.

Question 24.
Who appointed a number of persons to praise him in ‘The Gardener’?
Answer:
In The Gardener’, it was Basavaiah who appointed a number of persons to praise him.

Question 25.
Whose palatial mansion looked dull and empty without Tammanna’s books in ‘The Gardener’?
Answer:
In The Gardener’, it was Basavaiah’s palatial mansion which looked dull and empty without Tammanna’s books. ‘

Question 26.
When did Basavaiah find the means of surpassing Tammanna in ‘The Gardener’?
Answer:
In The Gardener’, it was only when Tammanna fell ill, did Basavaiah find a means of surpassing Tammanna.

Question 27.
Whose disease was Basavaiah’s health, according to the narrator of ‘The Gardener’?
Answer:
According to the narrator of The Gardener’, Tammanna’s disease was Basavaiah’s health.

Question 28.
When would Basavaiah go on offering stiff competition, according to Tammanna, in ‘The Gardener’?
Answer:
According to Tammanna, in The Gardener’, Basavaiah would go on offering stiff competition at the level of the body, until he died.

Question 29.
According to the old man, when did he conceive the story of Tammanna and Basavaiah?
Answer:
According to the old man, he conceived the story of Tammanna and Basavaiah, one day, when he found the wife of the plantation owner in a fix, perturbed and confused.

Question 30.
Who thought his death alone could destroy Basavaiah, in ‘The Gardener’?
Answer:
In The Gardener’, Tammanna thought that his death alone could destroy Basavaiah.

Question 31.
When did Basavaiah pass away, according to Tammanna, in ‘The Gardener’?
Answer:
According to Tammanna in The Gardener’, Basavaiah passed away after Tammanna had left his village.

Question 32.
Who says he avenged himself by becoming a non-entity in ‘The Gardener’?
Answer:
In The Gardener’, Tammanna says that he avenged himself by becoming a non-entity.

Question 33.
Who, according to Tammanna the old man, is not amenable to any advice in ‘The Gardener’?
Answer:
In ‘The Gardener’, according to Tammanna the old man, the owner of the coconut grove (where he was a labourer), was not amenable to any advice.

Question 34.
How long does a man go on living for some revenge, according to the old man, in ‘The Gardener’?
Answer:
According to the old man in ‘The Gardener’, the man goes on living for some revenge or the other till the day of his death.

Question 35.
Who paints well, according to the old man, in ‘The Gardener’?
Answer:
According to the old man in ‘The Gardener’, the young child of Lokya paints well.

Question 36.
What happened to Basavaiah after Tammanna gave up everything and went away?
Answer:
Basavaiah died a few days after Tammanna had left the town giving up everything.

Question 37.
Who narrated his story to the wife of the plantation owner in Gardener’?
Answer:
In ‘The Gardener’, Tammanna narrated his story to the wife of the p. .tation owner.

Question 38.
What was the old man well versed in ‘The Gardener’?
Answer:
Agriculture.

Question 39.
When did Tammanna forget his songs and ballads?
Answer:
Tammanna forgot all his songs and ballads after Basavaiah’s death.

II. Answer the following questions in a paragraph of 80-100 words each:

Question 1.
Why does Tammanna feel that human nature can be strange?
OR
‘Man goes on living for some revenge’. How is this presented in ‘The Gardener’?
Answer:
One afternoon, Tammanna finds the owner’s wife coming towards the coconut grove. She looked worried and anxious. However, Tammanna knew why she looked so. Then, he narrates the story of Tammanna and Basavaiah and finally confesses that he was Tammanna, Basavaiah’s rival, and how he had given up all his property and come to Chennarayapatna. Before telling her that Basavaiah had died, Tammanna tells her he had come to realize that human nature is very strange. He offers an explanation of why he thinks so.

According to Tammanna, though man needs wealth, education, and many more things, they do not give him a compelling reason to live. In his opinion ‘Man lives for some kind of unbearable vengefulness’. He arrives at this inference based on his own experience of life. As long as he was staying in his village, Basavaiah had considered him his rival and had gone on trying to out beat him in wealth, health, art, and so on. The very fact that there was a rival to him and he had to strive to compete with him in every aspect, gave him sufficient reason to live. It is here that one finds human nature strange.

All through his life, though man struggles to earn wealth, education, food, etc., he does not find real happiness in these things. But he derives a kind of pleasure when he finds that there is someone competing with him in these areas. Though it is the making of his own imagination yet he finds pleasure accepting his imaginary rival as real and fighting to out beat him. This gives him the real reason for his existence.

Having come away from Basavaiah, to punish him with the news of his death, Tammanna realizes that human nature is very strange. After the death of Basavaiah, he realises that he had become a non-entity and had lost his name and fame. He tells his own story along with the truth that he had realized, only to convince the owner’s wife that she needs to mend her husband.

Question 2.
What measures did Tammanna adopt to humiliate Basavaiah? Explain.
OR
Give an account of the strategies used by Tammanna to destroy Basavaiah in ‘The Gardener’.
Answer:
When Tammanna came to know that the rivalry between him and Basavaiah had reached a peak and that two hundred acres of his land had been forcibly taken away from him and had been even fenced up, Tammanna hit on a plan of annihilating Basavaiah completely. He got all his bitter experiences with Basavaiah composed in the form of ballads and started singing them before the people, announcing to everyone Basavaiah’s cruelty and his meanness. This way his reputation as an artist started spreading fast and critics and scholars of folklore thronged him and translated his songs.

As days rolled by, Tammanna’s popularity increased, and Basavaiah began to shrink in humiliation. Basavaiah tried to undo the damage to his self-esteem by showing more interest in acquiring all kinds of material wealth. He got a palatial mansion built for himself. Then he bedecked himself with gold, diamonds, and other precious stones. Then he started inviting scholars, poets, and musicians to his place and tried to invest his home with meaning. However, one-day Tammanna suddenly took ill. This news cheered up Basavaiah’s spirits. Tammanna’s disease became Basavaiah’s health. Tammanna thought of yet another method of punishing Basavaiah.

Tammanna thought Basavaiah could no longer compete with him if he came to know that Tammanna had died. Therefore, Tammanna avenged himself by leaving his town, abandoning all his property, and walking away hundreds of miles. When Basavaiah came to know that Tammanna was not there in the village, he had no more reason to live and he passed away.

Question 2.
Why did the plantation owner’s wife find it hard to decide whether the old man’s arrival was for the better or for the worse?
Answer:
Before the arrival of the old man, the owner had only ten acres of land. Though the owner himself was in charge of the work in the plantation, there used to be petty thefts and he could not prevent them. Secondly, he was very busy and hard-working and hardly had any time to spend with his friends. So, he had hardly any friends at all.

Once the old man was appointed as an overseer on the farm, the old man being well-versed in agriculture, understood the problems of the workers and solved all the problems. His efficient supervision resulted in a dramatic increase in the earnings of the farm. Consequently, the owner expanded his farm, became lethargic, and shied away from hard work, leaving the plantation in charge of the old man.

Furthermore, the owner’s wealth and social prestige also increased. Along with that, he acquired a number of friends in the next town as well as in his own village. Even though he had precious little to do, his life became crowded with colourful events. He also cultivated umpteen vices including adultery. These changes in her husband’s lifestyle made the wife wonder whether the old man’s arrival was for the better or for the worse.

Question 3.
How did the rivalry between Tammanna and Basavaiah move towards an invisible, abstract domain?
OR
Trace the course of the rivalry between Tammanna and Basavaiah that moved from a visible domain to an abstract domain.
OR
Give an account of the strategies used by Tammanna to destroy Basavaiah.
OR
Bring out the rivalry between Tammanna and Basavaiah.
OR
The rivalry between Tammanna and Basavaiah started moving from the visible to the invisible domain. Explain.
OR
Explain the methods adopted by Tammanna to humiliate Basavaiah.
Answer:
In the beginning, there appeared to be a healthy competition between Tammanna and Basavaiah. Tammanna did not take Basavaiah as his rival at all. Therefore, when Basavaiah acquired fifteen admirers to outdo Tammanna’s ten friends, it did not come to Tammanna’s notice at all. Tammanna did whatever he wanted without bothering about Basavaiah. But Basavaiah did not keep quiet.

When he came to know that Tammanna possessed one thousand acres of land, and he had only eight hundred, he could not tolerate this. He sent word to Tammanna asking him to sell two hundred acres to him. Tammanna did not agree. On the contrary, he offered to buy all the land that belonged to Basavaiah. Therefore, Basavaiah went along with his people and acquired two hundred acres of Tammanna’s land forcibly and got a fence built around it. Tammanna could not tolerate this invasion. Later, when his supporters suggested to him that he could go to the court of law or the police or use his own people to attack him and forcibly wrest his land from him, Tammanna did not accept their suggestion.

Tammanna probably thought that competing with Basavaiah by physical means has no end to it because it depends on who is able to muster more muscle power. Muscle power has its own limitations. Secondly, muscle power needs the involvement of many more people apart from Tammanna.

Moreover, as long as both of them were fighting by visible means people will not know who was trying to compete with whom. Until then, Basavaiah was the first one to show to the people he had more land, more friends, more wealth, etc. Tammanna never did anything to spite Basavaiah. Whatever Tammanna did, was on his natural inclination and not to spite Basavaiah.

Therefore, Tammanna realized the limitations of competing with Basavaiah by physical means. That is why he thought of putting an end to the unhealthy rivalry of Basavaiah by taking recourse to something invisible. He took recourse to singing ballads and telling the people through them about the cruelty and the meanness of Basavaiah.

Question 4.
How did Basavaiah try to surpass Tammanna? Why wasn’t he successful?
OR
How did Basavaiah try to surpass his rival in ‘The Gardener’?
OR
How did Basavaiah react to Tammanna’s popularity?
OR
How did Basavaiah start filling his life with all kinds of material wealth?
Answer:
When Tammanna came to know that the rivalry between him and Basavaiah had reached a peak and that two hundred acres of his land had been forcibly taken away from him and had been even fenced up, Tammanna hit on a plan of annihilating Basavaiah completely. He got all his bitter experiences with Basavaiah composed in the form of ballads and started singing them before the people, announcing to everyone Basavaiah’s cruelty and his meanness. This way his reputation as an artist started spreading fast and critics and scholars of folklore thronged him and translated his songs.

Basavaiah tried to surpass Tammanna’s fame by filling his life with all kinds of material wealth. He got a palatial mansion built for himself. He appointed a number of persons just to praise him and bedecked himself with gold, diamonds, and other precious stones. But he was not successful. We can conclude so because the visitors to his house told him that without Basavaiah’s books his house looked dull and empty.

Question 5.
How does Tammanna take revenge on Basavaiah through invisible means?
OR
Explain the invisible means by which Tammanna decided to destroy Basavaiah.
OR
What invisible means did Tammanna use to annihilate Basavaiah completely? Explain.
Answer:
When his supporters advised him to either go to the court or seek the help of the police or ask some persons to attack Basavaiah and take back his land forcibly, Tammanna hit upon a unique idea of annihilating Basavaiah through invisible means. He thought of getting all his experiences composed in the form of ballads and singing them before the public.

When Tammanna started singing ballads through which he told the people about Basavaiah’s cruelty and his meanness, he became very popular. Many scholars of folklore and literary critics translated his songs and earned their share of fame. All this made Basavaiah shrink in shame. This way, Tammanna took revenge on Basavaiah through invisible means.

Question 6.
How did Tammanna and Basavaiah manage their rivalry in the beginning in ‘The Gardener’?
Answer:
In the beginning, there appeared to be a healthy competition between Tammanna and Basavaiah. Tammanna did not take Basavaiah as his rival at all. Therefore, when Basavaiah acquired fifteen admirers to outdo Tammanna’s penfriends, it did not come to Tammanna’s notice at all. Tammanna did whatever he wanted without bothering about Basavaiah. But Basavaiah did not keep quiet. When he came to know that Tammanna possessed one thousand acres of land, and he had only eight hundred, he could not tolerate this. He sent word to Tammanna asking him to sell two hundred acres to him. Tammanna did not agree.

On the contrary, he offered to buy all the land that belonged to Basavaiah. Therefore, Basavaiah went along with his people and acquired two hundred acres of Tammanna’s land forcibly and got a fence built around it Tammanna could not tolerate this invasion. Later, when his supporters suggested to him that he could go to the court of law or the police or use his own people to attack him and forcibly wrest his land from him, Tammanna did not accept their suggestion. Tammanna realized the limitations of competing with Basavaiah by physical means. That is why he thought of putting an end to the unhealthy rivalry of Basavaiah by taking recourse to something invisible.

Question 7.
What did Basavaiah do to invest his home with meaning in ‘The Gardener’? Explain.
Answer:
As Tammanna’s popularity increased, Basavaiah began to shrink in humiliation. Basavaiah tried to undo the damage to his self-esteem by showing more interest in acquiring all kinds of material wealth. He got a palatial mansion built for himself. He appointed a number of persons just to praise him. Then he bedecked himself with gold, diamonds, and other precious stones. Then he started inviting scholars, poets, and musicians to his place and tried to invest his home with meaning.

Question 8.
Describe the circumstances that led Tammanna to become a non-entity in ‘The Gardener’.
Answer:
Tammanna is the protagonist in the story and he tells the story of the rivalry between himself and Basavaiah. Tammanna was a farmer, had ten acres of land, a comfortable house, and people too ready to carry out his orders. Besides, he also had a rival. It was Basavaiah. Tammanna did not perceive Basavaiah as his rival initially. Tammanna led a normal life and became prosperous gradually and came to possess 1000 acres of land. Until some point whatever Basavaiah did to keep himself on par with Tammanna was seen as healthy competition.

But, one day, Basavaiah asks Tammanna to sell him two hundred acres of his land and Tammanna refuses. Basavaiah takes the land forcibly. Though there were various options available for getting his land back, Tammanna searches for a method that could annihilate Basavaiah completely. Instead of proving might is right or seeking justice from the court of law, Tammanna uses a different strategy. He composes and sings ballads about Basavaiah’s meanness and cruelty. Very soon Tammanna becomes very popular and Basavaiah has no answer to his brainy ideas.

Just when Basavaiah is contemplating what to do next to spite Tammanna, he comes to know that Tammanna is ill. Basavaiah is pleased with the news. But their rivalry does not end there. Tammanna decides to out beat him by manipulating the situation itself. He gives up everything and goes away to Chennarayapatna so as to spread the news that Tammanna is dead. Later Basavaiah dies a natural death. Though there is no cause-effect relationship between the rumour of Tammanna’s death and Basavaiah’s real death, Tammanna is shaken out of his senses. With the death of Basavaiah, Tammanna loses his identity and he becomes a non-entity.

Question 9.
What circumstances led to the unhappiness of the owner’s wife in ‘The Gardener’?
Answer:
The owner of the coconut plantation was quite a normal person. He was working hard to bring about improvement in his earnings. Probably he had little expertise in managing agricultural workers. Therefore, he was looking for someone who would help him. That is why the moment he spoke to the old man [Tammanna) he felt that he had got the kind of man he wanted. His expectations proved right and the old man helped him in every way and solved all his problems, which eventually resulted in increasing his income.

Once his worries disappeared and he had hardly any work to engage himself in, his personal attention went towards acquiring property and social prestige. It is quite natural that with social prestige follow certain vices among which adultery was one. Adultery affects any woman.

All along, her husband had been faithful to her and once his wife came to know that he was spending his money and time with other women, she got seriously worried and was very unhappy. She found it hard to decide whether the arrival of the old man had done good or bad for her husband.

III. Answer the following questions in about 200 words each:

Question 1.
How did Tammanna and Basavaiah try to outdo each other?
OR
Describe the rivalry between Tammanna and Basavaiah.
OR
How did Tammanna avenge himself?
OR
How does Tammanna successfully outsmart his rival Basavaiah?
Answer:
In the beginning, there appeared to be a healthy competition between Tammanna and Basavaiah. Tammanna did not take Basavaiah as his rival at all. Therefore, when Basavaiah acquired fifteen admirers to outdo Tammanna’s ten friends, it did not come to Tammanna’s notice at all. Tammanna did whatever he wanted without bothering about Basavaiah. But Basavaiah did not keep quiet. When he came to know that Tammanna possessed one thousand acres of land, and he had only eight hundred, he could not tolerate this. He sent word to Tammanna asking him to sell his two hundred acres to him. Tammanna did not agree. On the contrary, he offered to buy all the land that belonged to Basavaiah.

Therefore, Basavaiah went along with his people and acquired two hundred acres of Tammanna’s land forcibly and got a fence built around it. Tammanna could not tolerate this invasion. Later, when his supporters suggested to him that he could go to the court of law or the police or use his own people to attack him and forcibly wrest his land from him, Tammanna did not accept their suggestion.

Moreover, as long as both of them were fighting by visible means people will not know who was trying to compete with whom. Until then, Basavaiah was the first one to show to the people he had more land, more friends, more wealth, etc. Tammanna never did anything to spite Basavaiah. Whatever Tammanna did, was on his natural inclination and not to spite Basavaiah.

Therefore, Tammanna realized the limitations of competing with Basavaiah by physical means. That is why he thought of putting an end to the unhealthy rivalry of Basavaiah by taking recourse to something invisible. He took recourse to singing ballads and telling the people through them about the cruelty and the meanness of Basavaiah.

As days rolled by, Tammanna’s popularity increased, and Basavaiah began to shrink in humiliation. Basavaiah tried to undo the damage to his self-esteem by showing more interest in acquiring all kinds of material wealth. He got a palatial mansion built for himself. Then he bedecked himself with gold, diamonds, and other precious stones. Then he started inviting scholars, poets and musicians to his place and tried to invest his home with meaning.

However, one-day Tammanna suddenly took ill. This news cheered up Basavaiah’s spirits. Tammanna’s disease became Basavaiah’s health. Tammanna thought of yet another method of punishing Basavaiah. Tammanna thought Basavaiah could no longer compete with him if he came to know that Tammanna had died. Therefore, Tammanna avenged himself by leaving his town, abandoning all his property and walking away hundreds of miles. When Basavaiah came to know that Tammanna was not there in the village, he had no more reason to live and he passed away.

Question 2.
‘Without vengefulness, there would be no reason for man’s existence’. How does ‘The Gardener’ bring this out?
Answer:
Tammanna did not take Basavaiah as a rival at all. But, Basavaiah took him as his rival seriously and tried to outdo Tammanna in everything. Therefore, when Tammanna bought four more acres adjacent to his land, Basavaiah also did the same. If Tammanna had ten friends, Basavaiah would acquire fifteen admirers. Gradually, it rose to such a pitch that there was no land left in the village for them to buy. All land belonged to either Tammanna or Basavaiah. Tammanna owned one thousand acres and Basavaiah eight hundred. Basavaiah could not tolerate this. He sent word to Tammanna asking him to sell two hundred acres.

Tammanna did not agree. He was prepared to buy all the land that belonged to Basavaiah. Basavaiah went mad with rage. He went along with his people and acquired two hundred acres of Tammanna’s land forcibly. A fence was built around that land. Tammanna could not tolerate this invasion. Though his supporters explained to him all the means available to him, he was not satisfied with them because he knew that sooner or later Basavaiah would again try to outdo him by hook or by crook. Tammanna did not want Basavaiah to trouble him again.

As days rolled by, Tammanna’s popularity increased, and Basavaiah began to shrink in humiliation. Basavaiah tried to undo the damage to his self-esteem by showing more interest in acquiring all kinds of material wealth. He got a palatial mansion built for himself. Then he bedecked himself with gold, diamonds, and other precious stones. Then he started inviting scholars, poets and musicians to his place and tried to invest his home with meaning.

However, one-day Tammanna suddenly took ill. This news cheered up Basavaiah’s spirits. Tammanna’s disease became Basavaiah’s health. Tammanna thought of yet another method of punishing Basavaiah. Tammanna thought Basavaiah could no longer compete with him if he came to know that Tammanna had died. Therefore, Tammanna avenged himself by leaving his town, abandoning all his property and walking away hundreds of miles. When Basavaiah came to know that Tammanna was not there in the village, he had no more reason to live and he passed away.

Question 3.
The arrival of the old man to the garden caused both good and bad things. How is this brought out in ‘The Gardener’?
Answer:
The owner of the coconut plantation was quite a normal person. He was working hard to bring about improvement in his earnings. Probably, as he did not have much experience and expertise in managing agricultural work, he was not able to reap the benefits of his hard work. Often, there used to be thefts and worker-related problems. He also felt that he needed the assistance of a person well- versed in dealing with such problems. Once he had spoken to the old man for a few minutes, he was convinced that he had found the right person and so hired him immediately. Thus the old man became an employee in the coconut grove and stayed on.

The old man was so experienced in agriculture that he easily understood the problems of workers. The petty thefts in the garden came to an end, and naturally, the income from the garden increased dramatically. Consequently, the increase in income brought a perceptible change in the lifestyle of the owner. The plantation expanded, but the owner became lazy and shied away from hard work. Once his worries disappeared and he had hardly any work to engage himself in, his personal attention went towards acquiring property, and fame. His life became crowded with colourful events.

On account of his newly acquired clout, he cultivated umpteen other vices including adultery. He became a source of worry to his wife. The owner’s wife found it hard to decide whether the old man’s arrival was for the better or for the worse. On the whole, one can conclude that the arrival of the old man to the garden caused both good and bad.

Question 4.
Rivalry can make one both aggressive and reflective. How does Tammanna’s narrative in The Gardener” prove this?
Answer:
Yes. “Rivalry can make one both aggressive and reflective”.
In ‘The Gardener*, Tammanna is both the protagonist as well as the narrator. He narrates the story of the rivalry between two farmers Tammanna and Basavaiah. From his narration, one can easily infer how aggressively he has fought with Basavaiah for saving his self-esteem.

In the beginning, he did not even imagine that he had a rival. But he becomes aware of the rivalry between himself and Basavaiah when the latter takes his land forcibly and he is made to feel helpless. He becomes alert and starts planning strategies to out beat Basavaiah’s moves. He composes and sings ballads and publicizes Basavaiah’s meanness and cruelty. Very soon Tammanna gains popularity and Basavaiah is made to feel that he has been defeated in his own game. Soon after that, when Tammanna falls ill, Basavaiah is pleased with the news. But their rivalry does not end there. Tammanna’s next move shows how aggressive and vengeful he can be. He gives up everything and goes away to Chennarayapatna so as to spread the news that Tammanna is dead.

Later, Basavaiah dies a natural death. Though there is no cause-effect relationship between the rumour of Tammanna’s death and Basavaiah’s real death, Tammanna is shaken out of his senses. He becomes reflective. He understands that with the death of Basavaiah, he had lost his identity and had become a non-entity. Finally, he realizes that both he and Basavaiah had indulged in rivalry only to satisfy their ego.

The Gardener Vocabulary

An antonym is a word opposite in meaning to a given word.

Note the use of antonyms for the following words found in the lesson:

  1. Impoverish – enrich
  2. Elaborate – concise
  3. Petty – grand
  4. Suffused – removed
  5. Lethargic – active
  6. Annihilate – preserve
  7. Vengeful – benevolent
  8. Agony – ecstasy
  9. Flourish – languish
  10. Wealth – poverty
  11. Famous – obscure
  12. Cruelty – kindness
  13. Best – worst
  14. Enemy – friend
  15. Stiff – flexible

Question 1.
What do the following expressions from the lesson mean?

  1. in a flash
  2. flesh and blood
  3. out of hand
  4. vanish into thin air

Answer:

  1. very suddenly or quickly.
  2. the human body or nature.
  3. out of control.
  4. go away suddenly, unexpectedly and without a trace.

Additional Exercises

A. Passive Voice:

Question 1.
Tammanna came to the plantation after walking hundreds of miles. He _____ (appoint) to look after the garden. The workers were happy as their problems _____ (solve). The income improved dramatically but a change in the owner’s lifestyle _____ (notice) by his wife.
Answer:
was appointed; had been solved; was noticed.

Question 2.
Basavaiah had 200 acres less land than Tammanna. So Tammanna _____ (ask) to sell his 200 acres to Basavaiah. This _____ (reject) by Tammanna. Instead, a demand _____ (place) that Tammanna was ready to buy all his land.
Answer:
was asked; was rejected; was placed.

Question 3.
Basavaiah tried to outshine Tammanna in his own way. A palatial house _____ (build) by him. A number of persons ____ (appoint) just to praise him. Scholars, poets and musicians _____ (invite) to his place.
Answer:
was built; were appointed; were invited.

B. Fill in the blanks by choosing the appropriate expressions given in brackets:

Question 1.
The quarrel between Tammanna and Basavaiah rose to such a pitch that it started to ______ all their supporters. When Basavaiah forcibly acquired Tammanna’s land, Tammanna was advised by his supporters to ______ to the police. (take recourse, push in, suck in)
Answer:
suck in; take recourse.

Question 2.
Tammanna ______ everything and went to a far off place. Basavaiah was left with no reason to live. After some time Basavaiah ______. (gave up, chance upon, passed away)
Answer:
gave up; passed away.

Question 3.
‘Tammanna was ______ in agriculture. As a result, the owner of the garden started to _____ from hard work. (shy away, well versed, better at)
Answer:
well versed; shy away.

Question 4.
The narrator says he conceived the story The Gardener’ ______. The old man he met in a coconut grove had come to the garden seeking work. The owner needed a man exactly like him and asked the old man to ______. (in a flash, stay on, vanish into thin air)
Answer:
in a flash; stay on.

Question 5.
Tammanna thought of yet another method of punishing Basavaiah. He wanted to separate his songs from his own _____. He wanted his fame to ______. Therefore he gave up everything and became a non-entity. (flesh and blood, vanish into thin air, out of hand)
Answer:
flesh and blood; vanish into thin air.

C. Fill in the blanks with appropriate linkers:

Question 1.
The gardener started narrating the story of Tammanna and Basavaiah to the owner’s wife. ______ proceeding with the story, he started fumbling for words ______ he had made a mistake. The owner’s wife was not interested in the story. She felt like going away ______ stayed back ______ she did not want to hurt the old man. (but, after, as though, as)
Answer:
After; as though; but; as.

Question 2.
The rivalry between Tammanna and Basavaiah looked like healthy competition in the beginning. _____ it rose to such a pitch _____ they started competing in buying each acre of land in the village. _____ no land in the village was left for buying. Even then Basavaiah was not happy ______ he had 200 acres less than Tammanna. (because, finally, gradually, that)
Answer:
Gradually; that; Finally; because.

Question 3.
Basavaiah sent word that he was prepared to buy Tammanna’s 200 acres of land. This made Tammanna furious. _____ he said he was prepared to buy all the land ______ belonged to Basavaiah. _______ Basavaiah forcibly acquired 200 acres of Tammanna’s land. ________ the enmity between them became fierce and sucked in all their supporters. (as a result, in turn, which, instead)
Answer:
In turn; which; Instead; As a result.

The Gardener by P. Lankesh About the Writer:

P. Lankesh [1935-2000) is an Indian writer and journalist who wrote in Kannada. After graduating with an honours degree in English from Central College at Bangalore, he completed his Master of Arts degree in English from Maharaja College, Mysore. P. Lankesh’s first work was ‘Kereya Neeranu Kerege Chelli’, a collection of short stories published in 1963. This was followed by several collections of short stories and poetry, three novels, critical essays, translations (including Charles Baudelaire’s ‘Les Fleurs du Mai’, ‘Oedipus Rex’, and Sophocles’ ‘Antigone’), as well as several plays and films. His 1976 film ’Pallavi’ – a cinematic narration, told from the female protagonist’s point of view and based on his novel ‘Biruku’ – won India’s national award for best direction.

The Gardener Summary in English

[This short story is the translated English version of ’Thotadavanu’, taken from ‘When Stone Melts and Other Stories’, a collection of short stories published by Sahitya Academi. It is translated into English by H.S. Raghavendra Rao.]

It is said that in these short stories Lankesh shows his preoccupation with human meanness and attempts to explore the evolution of a post-Emergency political and cultural scenario. The title ‘When Stone Melts’ refers to the mystery at the heart of every transformation, the invisible and inescapable play of history and location that engender the process of change.

The narrator addresses the reader directly in the first person asking for an apology for being brief. He says that the story was conceived in a flash and hence if he elaborates it, the story will lose its vitality. There are only four characters, besides the narrator: Tammanna, Basavaiah or Sangoji, and the owner of the coconut grove and his wife.

There are two stories in this story. The first story is narrated by the author in the first person and the second story is narrated by Tammanna who is also the protagonist in the first story. In the second story, the narrator/protagonist tells his own story to the lady distancing himself from the main story.

The narrator says that this story originated in his chance encounter with an old man who was standing in a coconut grove near Chennarayapatna. The old man (who had been employed in the coconut grove), was a labourer, overseer and philosopher, all rolled into one.

2nd PUC English Textbook Answers Springs Chapter 7 The Gardener image - 1

One day the old man came to the coconut garden after walking hundreds of miles. Since the owner of that plantation needed a person of his qualifications, he hired him immediately after talking to him for a few minutes. Thus the old man became an employee in the coconut grove and stayed on. The old man did useful work. He was so well-versed in agriculture that he easily understood the problems of workers. The petty thefts in the garden came to an end, and naturally, the income from the garden improved dramatically. Consequently, the increase in income brought a perceptible change in the lifestyle of the owner. The plantation expanded, but the owner became lazy and shied away from hard work.

The owner’s wife found the owner’s behaviour strange and puzzling. She found it hard to decide whether the old man’s arrival was for the better or for the worse. Her husband’s wealth and social prestige had risen higher, and he had acquired a great number of friends in his own village and in the next town as well. Even though he did not do any useful work, his life became crowded with colourful events. On account of his newly acquired clout, he cultivated umpteen other vices including adultery. Though their farm was initially merely ten acres, it had grown beyond their imagination.

Therefore, the owner’s wife realized that financially they had been doing well but her only source of worry was that along with financial improvement, their life was also gradually getting out of hand. Thus, one day when she was in a fix like this, the old man met her. He smiled at her, brought down an offering offender coconuts from a nearby tree, and sat on the embankment of the well. She had no alternative and so she sat next to him. The old man now begins his narrative and takes the action or plot to its climax.

The old man says that, in a far off place, once there lived a man called Tammanna. He had everything: ten acres of land, a comfortable house, and people too ready to carry out his orders or instructions. Besides these possessions, he also had a rival and his name was Sangoji. However, soon after uttering the name Sangoji, the old man started fumbling for words as if he had committed a mistake. The coconut grove owner’s wife, who was listening, felt that it was none of her concern and felt like going away immediately. But, not wishing to hurt the old man, she continued to sit there quietly.

The old man continued his story. He corrected himself once, saying his name was not Sangoji but Basavaiah. [At this moment in the story, the narrator gives a hint to the reader that the old man is telling a true account of his own experience disguising it in the form of a story].

Both Tammanna and Basavaiah were rivals. If Tammanna bought four more acres adjacent to his land, Basavaiah would also do the same. If one of them had ten friends, the other would acquire ‘ fifteen admirers. Though initially, all this looked like healthy competition, it took a nasty turn later.

Their rivalry rose to such a pitch that there was no land left in the village for them to buy. All land belonged to either Tammanna or Basavaiah. Tammanna had one thousand acres and Basavaiah eight hundred. Basavaiah could not tolerate this. His men asked Tammanna to sell two hundred acres but Tammanna refused to do so. On the other hand, Tammanna offered to buy all the land that belonged to Basavaiah. Basavaiah became furious. He went along with his people and acquired two hundred acres of Tammanna’s land forcibly, and got it fenced up all around. Tammanna could not put up with this invasion.

Tammanna’s advisers told him that there were three ways by which Tammanna could get back his land. He could go to the court of law or he could also take recourse to the police. If he did not like to do, either way, he could also use muscle power to get his land back. There was any number of persons ready to attack Basavaiah and wrest his land from him. But Tammanna was in search of a method that could destroy Basavaiah completely. Tammanna got all his experiences composed in the form of ballads and sang them in public. Their rivalry moved away from the visible to the invisible.

Basavaiah could not do the same way. He tried to show his rivalry in doing agricultural tasks more diligently, but that was also in vain. Meanwhile, Tammanna’s reputation started spreading all around. His songs started making mention of Basavaiah’s cruelty and his meanness. Scholars and critics went after his songs and earned their share of fame. Basavaiah became desperate and angry and retaliated by encroaching on more and more of Tammanna’s land. But Tammanna was ignorant of all this and blissfully enjoyed his singing. Art had become the raison d’etre of his life. He was even felicitated as the best poet of his times.

Basavaiah felt humiliated, which he tried to hide by acquiring all kinds of luxuries. He got a palatial mansion built for himself; appointed a number of people to praise him and bedecked himself with gold, diamonds, and other precious stones. But his house looked dull and empty because Tammanna’s books were not there. He attempted to fill the lacuna by inviting scholars, poets, and musicians to his place. This way, he tried to invest his home with meaning.

One day, Basavaiah came to know that Tammanna was ill. The news made him happy. At that point, Basavaiah found the means of surpassing Tammanna. Health is wealth. Tammanna’s disease was Basavaiah’s health. But Tammanna thought differently. He had thought of yet another method of punishing Basavaiah. Tammanna contemplated ‘death’. As long as he continued his rivalry at the level of the body, Basavaiah would go on offering stiff competition. But, if he died, Basavaiah could do nothing to defeat him. The old man ends his storytelling the coconut garden owner’s wife that wishing to destroy Basavaiah completely, Tammanna gave up everything and ran off from his village.

As long as Tammanna was there, Basavaiah had a reason to be alive, but once Tammanna left the place Basavaiah passed away. The old man tells the lady that Basavaiah died because he had no reason to live. Then he confesses to her that he is Tammanna himself. After Basavaiah’s death, Tammanna tells the lady that he forgot all his songs and ballads, lost his fame, and became a non-entity. He concludes telling her that, that way he avenged himself.

Tammanna tells the woman that the experiences of his life had made him realize that human nature is very strange. He sums up his experiences in one sentence. He tells her that though man works to fulfill his many needs like wealth, education, art, and many more things, yet those things do not give him the right, compelling reasons to live. All through his life man lives for some kind of unbearable vengefulness. It is in this vengefulness that he finds a reason for his existence.

Finally, using his autobiographical account as an example, the old man. tries to covertly give her a message. He tells her that her husband was flourishing as a rich man and was not amenable to any advice. Man is so complicated that till the day of his death, he goes on living for some revenge or the other, confronting one challenge or the other. He wants her to understand that she had better try to understand why her husband is living like that.

Finally, he asks her to take the whole story as a dream and hot to take his words seriously. We can infer here that he is saddened by the coconut grove owner’s lifestyle and wants to put an end to it by cautioning the lady about her husband and do something to find out why her husband was doing so. As soon as the old man finishes his story, the first narrator reappears and tells the reader that he had seen all this in a dream and hence he is unable to elaborate.

The Gardener Summary in Kannada

2nd PUC English Textbook Answers Springs Chapter 7 The Gardener image - 2
2nd PUC English Textbook Answers Springs Chapter 7 The Gardener image - 3
2nd PUC English Textbook Answers Springs Chapter 7 The Gardener image - 4
2nd PUC English Textbook Answers Springs Chapter 7 The Gardener image - 5

Glossary:

  • Perceptible: visible, noticeable
  • Lethargic: lazy, sluggish
  • Diligent: hard-working
  • Raison d’etre (n) (French): reason, the reason for existence
  • Annihilate: destroy

The main aim is to share the knowledge and help the students of 2nd PUC to secure the best score in their final exams. Use the concepts of Karnataka 2nd PUC English Answers Chapter 7 The Gardener in Real time to enhance your skills. If you have any doubts you can post your comments in the comment section, We will clarify your doubts as soon as possible without any delay.

Karnataka Class 10 English Solutions Prose Chapter 4 Dr. B.R. Ambedkar

Every chapter available in the KSEEB SSLC Class 10 English Solutions subject is explained clearly in an easy way. Learn the depth concept by referring to the Chapter wise Dr. B.R. Ambedkar Questions and Answers Pdf, Notes, Summary Class 10 English Karnataka State Board Solutions. Have a look at every topic and get the complete knowledge on the English subject. Just refer to Karnataka Class 10 English Solutions Prose Chapter 4 Dr. B.R. Ambedkar pdf and have a grip on the total subject.

Dr. B.R. Ambedkar Questions and Answers, Notes, Summary

I believe that the best book is like a best friend to know the complete world by sitting in one place. When you have the best book you have many options to get great knowledge. Selecting the best book will lead to reaching your goal. Students who are looking for the best book to learn English can use Karnataka Board Solutions for Class 10 English Chapter 4 Dr. B.R. Ambedkar. Immediately start your learning with Karnataka Board Class 10 English Solutions Pdf.

KSEEB Solutions For Class 10 English Question 1.
Ambedkar spent most of his life by _____
a) purchasing books
b) attending conferences
c) reading books
d) importing books
Ans:
c) reading books

KSEEB Solutions For Class 10 English The Concert Question 2.
Pick out the word in the first paragraph which means ‘a quality that makes a person or a thing different from another.’
Answer:
Trait

Ambedkar Notes KSEEB Solutions Question 3.
How did the fourteenth amendment of the American Constitution benefit the Black Americans?
Answer:
The fourteenth amendment of the American cotitution gave freedom to the Block AmericAnswer:

Dr B R Ambedkar 10th Lesson Summary In Kannada KSEEB Solutions Question 4.
What did Mahatma Phule work for?
Answer:
Mahatma Phule was a devotee and worked for classless society and women’s upliftment.

Question 5.
Mookanayak, Bahishkrit Bharat and Samata were _______
a) Voice mails
b) Newspapers
c) Political parties
Ans:
b) Newspaper.

Question 6.
Gandhiji termed the depressed classes as _______
Answer:
Harijan

Share Your Responses

Question 1.
Draft is a banking term. How is the word used in the context of this lesson?
Answer:
Here the word ‘Draft’ is used as the meaning of make, write, Drafting committee means a committee set up to draft (write) the constitution of India.

Question 2.
Dr. Ambedkar was not in the Congress party. Yet he was made the chairman of the drafting committee. Why?
Answer:
He was made the chairman of the drafting committee because of his undying faith in the dignity of leadership of the Indian National Congress and his capability of doing the task.

Question 3.
He raised it ‘brick by brick’. In this context, what was raised?
Answer:
In this context, he raised brick by brick was the examples and experiences of other nations and the distinctive needs of our society, which now stands as the Fundamental Rights in the constitution of Indian.

Question 4.
Who were the other notable members of the drafting committee?
Answer:
The other notable members of the drafting committee were Alladi Krishnaswami Iyyar, K.M. Munshi and. Gopalaswami Ayyangar etc…

Question 5.
Ambedkar had ‘ rare gifts ’ What were they? Can you think of your own ‘gifts’? Share them with your class.
Answer:
Ambedkar had rare gifts like unraveling the most complicated legal concepts. And also he had tactfulness, frankness, and patience.

Question 6.
The constitution is a fundamental document to both the ruler and the ruled. How?
Answer:
The constitution is a fundamental document to both the ruler and the ruled because it defines the powers of the three organs and the powers of the legislature against the citizens. It is dealing with fundamental rights also.

Share Your Responses

Question 1.
Nehru chose Ambedkar as a law minister for three reasons. What are they? (paragraph 7)
Answer:
The three reasons are
1. He had skills in the field of law and legislation.
2. His vision of Social justice
3. His own campaigns against social injustice.

Question 2.
Are you aware of the facilities provided by the Social Welfare Department? Mention any two.
Answer:
Yes. The Social Welfare Department, as suggested by the name, strives for social welfare and justice. It ensures the welfare of the Scheduled Caste/Scheduled tribe, handicapped and marginalized sections of society. National Overseas Scholarship for the SCs/STs and Free Coaching Scheme for SC and OBC students are two of the many welfare schemes of the Department.

Question 3.
After independence, members of the Scheduled Castes have found doors opened to them. How?
Answer:
Since Independence, members of the scheduled castes have found doors opened to them. No legal bars exist for self – expression or self – advancement. They can enroll themselves in institutes of higher learning and enterpublic services. They occupy high offices of state and center. They also compete for the post of judges, ambassadors and governors. They have acquitted themselves creditably in all these positions of responsibility.

Question 4.
All people should be given equal opportunities to prove themselves. How are the members of the Scheduled Castes proving themselves?
Answer:
All people including Scheduled castes should be given equal opportunities to prove themselves. No legal bars exist for self-expression or self – advancement. They can enroll in institutes of higher learning and public services. They can prove themselves by participating and acquiring all these positions of responsibility.

Question 5.
Babasaheb Ambedkar considers public agitation in free India as unconstitutional. Why?
Answer:
Ambedkar considers public agitation in free India as unconstitutional because the right to rebellion is recognized against a government without people’s consent it should be a dictatorship such agitations invariably result in the loss of lives and Public property.

Question 6.
Social discrimination still exists in India. Debate in the class.
Answer:
Practical Activity should be conducted in the class [not writing]

Share Your Responses

Question 1.
What were the opinions of the Buddha and Avvai regarding the caste divisions?
Answer:
The opinion ofBuddha regarding the last divisions are

  1. The noble and wholesome people and
  2. The ignoble and unwholesome people.

The Tamil Poetess Awai said that

  1. The charitable who give and are superior
  2. The misers who do not give and are inferior.

Question 2.
Caste system in India is in a strong position because of _____[fill in the blank picking the answer from paragraph 11]
Answer:
Power structure.

Question 3.
Why did the British magnify the caste distinctions?
Answer:
The British rulers magnify or exaggerated the caste distinctions to strengthen their control over us. So they started the policy of “Divide and Rule”.

Question 4.
The word ‘hegemony’ means ______
a) distinction
b) control
c) strength
Answer:
b) Control

Question 5.
‘they brought about a veritable revolution in social thought.’
a) who are‘they’?
b) What ‘revolution’ is referred to here?
c) How did they bring about the revolution?
Answer:
a) They were Mahatma Gandhiji. and Dr. B.R. Ambedker.
b) The revolution referred here is repudiated (means deny) the caste system and to proclaim the oneness of the Hindu community.
c) Gandhiji brings the revolution by reminding the higher castes of their duty towards depression. Babasaheb did the same by reminding the depressed, classes about their inherent rights to equality with the higher and powerful costes.

Question 6.
Why did Nehru describe Dr. Ambedkar as ‘a symbol of revolt’?
Answer:
Nehru described Ambedkar as ‘a symbol of revolt’ because Ambedkar had the courage and conviction to rouse up the depressed classes of society which had suffered for long in the past. By doing this, Ambedkar also ensured that people belonging to the higher classes did not grow complacent with the idea that with constitutional amendment everything will be fine for the depressed classes.

Think About The Text

Question 1.
Ambedkar had a great thirst for books when he was a student, explain.
Answer:
Ambedkar was a voracious reader. His hunger for books was never satisfied. What is remarkable is that he bought books by sacrificing other needs. The author cites two instances to show what an avid reader Ambedkar was – in New York, where he was a student, he is said .to have bought 2000 old books. Later, when he went to London for the Second Round Table Conference he bought so many books that they had to be sent to India in 32 boxes. If others would have thought of bringing home attractive foreign goods, Ambedkar’s interest was solely in books.

Question 2.
How did the fourteenth amendment to the U.S. Constitution and Mahatma Phule influence on Ambedkar?
Answer:
Instances of atrocities of the higher stratum of society against the lower stratum have been the sordid state of affairs in many countries. In America, if the blacks were discriminated against, in India people belonging to the scheduled castes, have been the victims of ill-treatment by the upper caste people. Ambedkar, who himself belonged to the suffering class, was deeply troubled by the gross injustice of the situation.

Naturally, he was profoundly influenced by the fourteenth Amendment to the Constitution of the USA, giving freedom to black Americans. It made him envision the same kind of freedom for the victims of discrimination, back home in India. Mahatma Phule’s attempts at a classless society also had an impact on Ambedkar and he started his crusade for the uplift of the downtrodden.

Question 3.
There were great luminaries on the Drafting Committee. Dr. Ambedkar is remembered as the pilot. Give reasons.
Answer:
As a chairman of the Drafting Committee, Dr. Ambedkar took many examples and experiences of other nations. He considered the need of our own brothers (society) he laid the points step by step. Other luminaries also helped in his work. But he worked a lot. He had the rare gift of most complicated legal concepts into simple language which can also be understood by common people. So he was rightly called “Pilot”.

Question 4.
Write a short note on Dr.Ambedkar’s idea/perception of the three pillars of State.
Answer:
Dr. Ambedkar had a clear perception of the three pillars of the state. He realized that; the Jurisdiction of each should be clear and not hampered legal bars. He had a sense of the importance of the role of citizens. According to him, the constitution should define the position and powers of the three organs of the State-the executive, the Judiciary, and the legislature.

Question 5.
What are the significant observation of Dr. Ambedkar on the constitution?
Answer:
Dr. Ambedkar made significant observations. The Constitution is a fundamental document. It defines the position and power of the three organs viz., the executive, the legislative and the Judiciary. It also defines the powers of the organs against the citizens. Its main purpose is not merely to create the organs but to limit their authority to check, otherwise, there will be tyranny or oppression.

Question 6.
Nehru chose Dr. Ambedkar as the law minister. What might have prompted Nehru to do so?
Answer:
Dr. Ambedkar had talented skills in the field of law and legislation. He had a foresighted vision of Social Justice. Above all, he had succeeded in his own campaigns against social injustice. From all points of view, he deserved a person to choose as the law minister. Therefore Nehru chose him as the first law minister of free India.

Question 7.
What made Dr. Ambedkar describe the methods of Civil disobedience, Non-cooperation and Satyagraha as the “Grammar of anarchy”?
Answer:
Civil Disobedience, Non-Co-operation, and Satyagraha were not done as constitutional methods. Always the public agitations to achieve social justice through the methods of the constitution. So, According to him, the above agitations were called “Grammar of anarchy”.

Question 8.
How did Dr. Ambedkar and Mahatma Gandhi try to wipe out caste discrimination from India?
Answer:
The efforts of Dr. Ambedkar and Gandhi in wiping out caste discrimination and establishing an egalitarian society can be described as two sides of the same coin. In a divided India, suffering from the ‘Divide and Rule’ tactics of the British, the approaches of Ambedkar and the Mahatma were the unifying forces. If Gandhi tried to abolish the caste system by reminding the upper caste people of their duty towards the oppressed, Ambedkar goaded the oppressed to exercise their right to equality. Thus, together, the two great visionaries were the architects of Modern India with the vision of equality and fraternity.

Question 9.
Discuss with your friends and complete the web-chart given below
KSEEB SSLC Class 10 English Solutions Prose Chapter 4 Dr. B.R. Ambedkar 1
Answer:
1. Found the Books
2. Fist Law Minister
3. Symbol of Revolt
4. Chairman of the drafting committee
5. The pilot of Indian constitution.

Enrich Your Vocabulary

Task 1: Read the following paragraph and replace the underlined words appropriately with the words given below in brackets.

Children have special qualities. They can think and imagine in creative ways and are able to understand new things much better than their elders. But just by new ideas, nothing happens. Their ideas must have inborn strengths and stand the test of time. They should not become self-satisfied with their first steps of success.
[complacent, conceive, trait, perceive, inherent]

Use the words given in brackets in sentences of your own.

Words for underlined

1. traits
2. conceive
3. perceive
4. inherent
5. complacent

Own Sentences

1. This dog has very good smelling traits.
2. The cat conceived and gave birth to 3 kitten.
3. The children perceived German words very well
4. Patriatiwsm should be an inherent quality of soldiers
5. I have done my Job with full of complacent.

Listen And Comprehend

Task 1: Answer these questions orally :

Question 1.
What information is Shreya giving her father?
Answer:
Shreya was giving the information that she wants to give a speech on Republic Day.

Question 2.
Is her father encouraging or discouraging her?
Answer:
Yes, Her father was encouraging her.

Question 3.
What does the father tell her about what at Constitution is?
Answer:
Her father told her that the constitution is a set of rules and regulations for all people living in India.

Question 4.
Should everybody obey the Consitution? How do you know?
Answer:
Her father told her that the constitution is a set of rules and regulations for all people living in India.

Speak well

Expressing gratitude

(A boy goes to a book shop to buy a book on folktales. The dialogue is given below)

Bookseller: Good afternoon, gentleman. What can I do for you?
Sharieff: Good afternoon, I’d like to buy some books on national leaders.
Book Seller: On national leaders? Sure, sir. If you don’t mind, please have a look at the fourth alumni ah on your right.
Sharieff : (after going through some titles) Could you take them to put, please?
Book Seller: Of course (he takes them out and hands them over to sharieff)
Sharieff: Thank you. Ah! I need these three books. Will you please gift-wrap them?
Bookseller: With pleasure, (he does so)
Sharieff: How much should I pay?
Book Seller: We allow a 10% rebate.
Sharieff: That’s very nice of you. So, I have to pay ‘240.
Book Seller: Yes. We also give you a diary as a free gift.
Sharieff: Thank you very much, (he pays the money)
Bookseller: You’re welcome, (hands over the books and the gift)

These are the terms used to express gratitude.
KSEEB SSLC Class 10 English Solutions Prose Chapter 4 Dr. B.R. Ambedkar 2

Read And Respond

Task -1: I Read the poem. Note that every line of the poem is either suggestive or evocative, the* :s capable of making the readers imagine some pictures in mind. These poetic expressions are given in column ‘A’. Read the poem carefully, read the expressions, and find out the line that evokes or suggested the pictures. Write the line number in column ‘B’ One example is given.
KSEEB SSLC Class 10 English Solutions Prose Chapter 4 Dr. B.R. Ambedkar 3
Ans:
2
4
6
1
3
5

Self-assessment

Read the statement and put a tick mark in the appropriate box.
KSEEB SSLC Class 10 English Solutions Prose Chapter 4 Dr. B.R. Ambedkar 4

Practice writing

Task – 1: Imagine you are booking a ticket to visit Mumbai. Give the following personal details as furnished below :

KSEEB SSLC Class 10 English Solutions Prose Chapter 4 Dr. B.R. Ambedkar 5
KSEEB SSLC Class 10 English Solutions Prose Chapter 4 Dr. B.R. Ambedkar 6

Learn grammar through communication

Task -1: Here are some sentences. Combine them using linkers given in brackets. One is done for you. e.g. It rained heavily. We reached home in time, (though) Though it rained heavily, we reached home in time.

Question 1.
There is a shortage of water. Some people are wasting it unthinkingly. (although)
Answer:
Although there is a shortage of water, some people are wasting it unthinkingly.

Question 2.
There was heavy traffic. We were delayed, (since).
Answer:
Since there was heavy traffic, we were delayed.

Question 3.
The students played for an hour. They attended to their studies later on. (and then)
Answer:
The students played for an hour and then they attended to their studies later on.

Question 4.
We expected a difficult question paper. The questions asked in the examination were easy. (but)
Answer:
We expected a difficult question paper but the questions asked in the examination were easy.

Question 5.
The flight was delayed. The weather was cloudy, (as)
Answer:
The flight was delayed as the weather was cloudy.

Question 6.
The student scored less marks. He did not study properly, (because)
Answer:
The student scored less marks because he did not study properly.

Task – 1: Refer to a dictionary and split the following words into their syllables.

1. probability → pro – ba – bi – li – ty
2. determination → de – ter – mi – na – tion
3. accept → ac – cept
4. canteen → can – teen
5. again → a – gain
6. conscience → con – science
7. idea → i – de – a
8. reflection → re – flee – tion

Dr. B.R. Ambedkar Additional Questions and Answers

Multiple Choice Questions

Question 1.
Sri R. Venkataraman wrote the book _____.
a. Mooknayak
b. Samata
c. Dr.B.R. Ambedkar
d. Mahatma
Answer:
c. Dr.B.R. Ambedkar

Question 2.
Dr. Ambedkar was conferred _____ posthumously.
a. Padma Vibhushan
b. Bharath Ratna
c. Doctorate
d. Padma Bhushan
Answer:
b. Bharath Ratna

Question 3.
Ambedkar was a ______ reader.
a. voracious
b. silent
c. fast
d. talented
Answer:
a. voracious

Question 4.
Ambedkar has an ______ thirst for books
a. ardent
b. ideal
c. imaginary
d. insatiable
Answer:
d. insatiable

Question 5.
In New York, he purchased about _______ books.
a. science
b. 2000 old
c. political
d. new
Answer:
b. 2000 old

Question 6.
He bought ______ of books from London.
a. 10 boxes
b. 15 boxes
c. 32 boxes
d. 30 boxes
Answer:
c. 32 boxes

Question 7.
Fourteenth Amendment of the constitution of the USA gave freedom to the _____.
a. Americans
b. Indians
c. Negros
d. Black Americ
Answer:
d. Black Americ

Question 8.
Ambedkar was greatly influenced by the life and work of ______
a. Mahatma
b. Mahatma Phule
c. Gandhiji
d. Venkataraman
Answer:
b. Mahatma Phule

Question 9.
Ambedkar started the newspapers such as Mooknayak, Bahishkrit Bhairs it and _____
a. Saitnata
b. Times of India
c. Popular
d. Herald
Answer:
a. Saitnata

Question 10.
Ambedkar set up the institution such as _____
a. Depressed home
b. Hitaka Rini sabha
c. Laboui home
d. Bahislil dit Bharat
Answer:
b. Hitaka Rini sabha

Question 11.
Babasallneb was elected To Bombay Legislative Assembly murder the constitution of India Act ____
a. 1919
b. 1927
c. 1929
d. 1935
Answer:
d. 1935

Question 12.
Gandhiji called Depressed classes as _____
a. Superior
b. inferior
c. Harijans
d. Hindus
Answer:
c. Harijans

Question 13.
Indian National Congress and Ambedkar as the ____ of the Drafting Committee.
a. officer
b. chairman
c. pilot
d. Adviser
Answer:
b. chairman

Question 14.
The constitution is _____ document.
a. new
b. written
c. fundamental
d. descriptive
Answer:
c. fundamental

Question 15.
______ chose Dr.Ambedkar to be the first law minister.
a. R. Venkataraman
b. President
c. Prime minister
d. Jawaharlal Nehru
Answer:
d. Jawaharlal Nehru

Question 16.
After becoming Law Mfiiiiister and Lawmaker he was called as _____
a. Pioneer
b. Padma Bhushan
c. Modem Manu
d. Doctor.
Answer:
d. Doctor.

Question 17.
Ambedkar describe d the civil disobedience, non-cooperation and Satyagraha as the _____
a. grammar of anarchy
b. rebellion
c. revolution
d. opposition
Answer:
a. grammar of anarchy

Question 18.
British followed the policy of ____
a. Caste-system
b. Social injustice
c. Divide and Ruled
d. Veritable revolution
Answer:
c. Divide and Ruled

Question 19.
Babasaheb passed away in December _____.
a. 1958
b. 1956
c. 1948
d. 1950
Answer:
b. 1956

Question 20.
Jawaharlal Nehru described Babasaheb as ____
a. Modern manu
b. Leader of Depressed class
c. a Symbol of revolt
d. Patriot
Answer:
c. a Symbol of revolt

I. Match the following :

KSEEB SSLC Class 10 English Solutions Prose Chapter 4 Dr. B.R. Ambedkar 7
Answer:
1 – e
2 – f
3 – d
4 – c
5 – a
6 – b

II. Match the following :

KSEEB SSLC Class 10 English Solutions Prose Chapter 4 Dr. B.R. Ambedkar 8
Answer:
1 – e
2 – f
3 – a
4 – b
5 – c
6 – d

III. Match the following :

KSEEB SSLC Class 10 English Solutions Prose Chapter 4 Dr. B.R. Ambedkar 9
Answer:
1 – e
2 – a
3 – b
4 – c
5 – d

III. Give one-word of phrase for the following:

Question 1.
Very eager for knowledge.
Answer:
Voracious

Question 2.
that which cannot be satisfied.
Answer:
insatiable

Question 3.
be transferred or passed to somebody.
Answer:
devolve

Question 4.
never giving up.
Answer:
indefatigable

Question 5.
ability to see, hear, understand.
Answer:
perception

Question 6.
not hampered legal bars.
Answer:
untrammeled

Question 7.
deeply rooted.
Answer:
entrenched

Question 8.
control by one country or organization.
Answer:
hegemony

Question 9.
Advantageous position.
Answer:
vantage point

Question 10.
liable to change rapidly
Answer:
volatile

Question 11.
Good for one’s health or well being.
Answer:
wholesome

Question 12.
Calmly satisfied with oneself.
Answer:
complacent

Answer the following questions in a word or a sentence each:

Question 1.
Which was the one trait that marked Dr. Ambedkar not only during his student days but also throughout his life?
Answer:
The trait of reading voraciously was the one trait that marked Dr. Ambedkar not only during his student days but also throughout his life.

Question 2.
What was the amendment to the U.S. Constitution that influenced Ambedkar?
Answer:
The fourteenth amendment to the Constitution of the USA, giving freedom to the Black Americans, influenced Ambedkar.

Question 3.
What did Mahatma Phule advocate?
Answer:
Mahatma Phule advocated a classless society and women’s uplift.

Question 4.
Which were the institutions set up by Ambedkar?
Answer:
Hitakarini Sabha and the Independent Labour Party of India were the institutions set up by Ambedkar.

Question 5.
Who was appointed as the chairman of the Drafting Committee of the Constituent Assembly?
Answer:
Ambedkar was appointed as the chairman of the Drafting Committee of the Constituent Assembly.

Question 6.
Who was the Constitutional Adviser to the Constituent Assembly?
Answer:
B.N. Rau was the Constitutional Advisor to the Constituent Assembly.

Question 7.
Who is hailed as the modern Manu?
Answer:
Ambedkar is hailed as the modern Manu.

Question 8.
What is the consequence of the right to rebellion against a government in a democracy?
Answer:
The consequence of the right to rebellion against a government in a democracy is the loss of lives and public property.

Question 9.
Under which policy did the British rulers try to divide the people on the basis of caste?
Answer:
Under the ‘Divide and Rule’ policy, the British rulers tried to divide the people on the basis of caste.

Question 10.
In which year did Ambedkar pass away?
Answer:
Ambedkar passed away in 1956.

Answer the following questions in 2-3 sentences each:

Question 1.
What progress has been made in providing equality of opportunities to the scheduled castes?
Answer:
In independent India many attempts have been made to provide equal opportunities to the scheduled castes. Scheduled castes are free of the legal bars for self-expression or self¬advancement. There are special schemes that have made it possible for the scheduled castes to be educated and thereby occupy high offices of state, both at the Centre and ill the States.

Question 2.
What was the difference in the methods of Ambedkar and Gandhiji in repudiating caste and proclaiming the oneness of the Hindu community?
Answer:
Gandhiji and Ambedkar had different agendas. But together they complemented each other. If Gandhiji appealed to the privileged sections of society to honour their duty towards the depressed classes, Ambedkar encouraged the underprivileged to fight for their rights. Together they could bring about a revolutionary change in society.

Answer the following questions in 6-8 sentences each:

Question 1.
What progress has been achieved in the upliftment of the scheduled castes since independence?
Answer:
Since independence, much progress has been made in providing equality of opportunities to the scheduled castes. Doors, which had been closed for centuries, are being opened for members of the scheduled castes. No legal bars exist today for self-expression or self-advancement. They are enrolling themselves in institutes of higher learning and entering public services. They have come to occupy high offices of State, both at the Centre and in the States. Judges, ambassadors and governors have been drawn from their ranks.

Question 2.
How did Gandhiji and Ambedkar bring about a revolution in social thought?
Answer:
Mahatma Gandhi and Dr. Ambedkar repudiated the caste system and proclaimed the oneness of the Hindu community. Gandhiji reminded the higher castes of their duty towards the depressed classes while Dr. Ambedkar reminded the lower castes of their inherent rights to equality with the higher and more powerful castes. Gandhiji stressed the duties while Dr. Ambedkar stressed the rights. Together, they brought about a veritable revolution in social thought.

Question 3.
How has the Constitution helped the depressed classes in India?
Answer:
Ambedkar was inspired by the fourteenth amendment to the U.S. Constitution and by Mahatma Phule and strove to uplift the Depressed Classes in India through the constitutional rights. Our Constitution offers equality of opportunities to the people of India and that’s, why Scheduled Castes find doors, which had been closed to them for centuries, being opened. Our Constitution gives freedom to all when it comes to the question of self-expression and self-advancement.

Question 4.
What are the significant observations of Ambedkar on the Constitution?
Answer:
Being a visionary, Ambedkar had a clear understanding of how the Constitution of a country should function. He knew that the Constitution is a fundamental document that explains the extent of power a State could enjoy through its three organs – the executive, the judiciary and the legislature. He knew that the citizens would be bound by the power of the executive and the power of the legislature. But he also knew that the State itself was bound by the Constitution in not misusing its authority over its citizens.

Read the following extracts and answer the questions given below them:

Question 1.
“While in the U.S.A., he was drawn to the fourteenth amendment to the Constitution”.
a) Who is the ‘he’ referred to?
b) Why was the Constitution amended?
c) Why was the person drawn towards it?
Answer:
a) Ambedkar.
b) The Constitution was amended to give freedom to Black Americans.
c) The person was drawn towards it because he saw a parallel situation in India where the Depressed Classes had no equality.

Question 2.
One stressed the duties, the other stressed the rights. Together they brought about a veritable revolution in social thought.
a) Who is the ‘one’ referred to here?
b) Who is the ‘other’?
c) What revolution did they bring about?
Answer:
a) Gandhiji.
b) Ambedkar.
c) They brought about a revolution in social thought which until then did not consider the depressed class equal to the higher caste.

Question 3.
“His flair for legislative work became evident to the whole nation
a) Whose flair became evident?
b) When did it become evident?
c) Pick out the word from the given statement which means ‘a natural ability to do something well\
Answer:
a) Dr. Ambedkar’s.
b) When he contributed to the debates in the Bombay Legislative Assembly.
c) Flair.

 Dr. B.R. Ambedkar Summary in English

We can recognise one important character in Balanced Ambedkar i.e., his love about books. He was very eager to knowledge and reading books throughout his life. He was fond of books that we can see by two incidents. One was he purchased 2000 old books in New York and he bought 32 boxes of books at the time of Second Round Table confer nee from London. For this, he was reduced his daily needs.

When he was in the U.S.A. the Black Americans get freedom by the 14th Amendment of their constitution. He was very much influenced by this and think about Depressed classes in India. He was greatly influenced by the life and work of Mahatma Phule. At that time Phule was working about a classless society and women’s up to life. Babasaheb decided to devote all his time and talents to improve the conditions of underprivileged people in our country. For this, he started newspapers like Mooknayak, Bahishkrit Bharath and Samatha.

All these were the authentic voices of the Depressed Classes. Hitakarini Sabha was set up by him and the Independent labor party of India became the vehicles of the change. Meanwhile, Gandhiji was pioneering his reform of Indi a society especially the up life of Depressed classes and he called them as HarijAnswer: According to Constitute n of India Act 1935 Babasaheb was elected to Bombay Legislative Assembly. He made effective Contributions to the debates in the Assembly on a variety of Subjects became evident to the whole nation.
KSEEB SSLC Class 10 English Solutions Prose Chapter 4 Dr. B.R. Ambedkar 10

The Constituent Assembly of India afforded Dr. Ambedkar and requested to save on the Drafting committee as a chairman, though he was not in the congress, though he was not in the congress. This is because of his foresightedness and objective leadership. Ambedkar as the chairman of the Drafting committee anticipated (expected) every conceivable requirement of the experiences of other nations and the needs of aver society, he raised brick by brick and constructed the beautiful constitution to India, now it stands as the Fundamental Rights.

For his support other intellectual persons also contribute their skills. They were Alladi Krishna Swamy Iyyar, K.M. Munshi, and N.Gopala swami Ayyangar. No doubt that Ambedkar was the pilot of this magnificent task. Dr. Ambedkar was to explain to the Assembly with a combination to tact, firmness and utmost patience. He had a rise gift of unraveling the most complicated legal concepts in a language. B.N. Rau had the quality of never giving up the last was the adviser who performed this task matchlessly.

Dr. Ambedkar had a clear perception of the three pillars of state such as the legislature, the executive and the judiciary. The Jurisdiction of each should be clear and not to restricted and he has known the importance of the role of citizens. He made some significant observations. The constitution is a fundamental document. This defines the position and power of the three organs of the state. It also defines the powers of the executive and legislature as against the citizens. The purpose of a constitution is to create the organs of the state and also to limit their authority because if no limitation was imposed upon the authority of the organs, these will be completely unjust and bad rule or cruelty may happen.

Jawaharlal Nehru, the first prime minister of Independent India choose Dr. Ambedkar to be the first law minister. This was a recognition of Dr. Ambedkar’s skill in the field of law and legislation. It was a tribute to his vision of social justice and infused into the new Indian polity. Truly it was the tribute to the success of his own campaigns against social injustice. Nobody could have dreamt that one box in Mahar family would be a law minister, lawmaker and get the title ‘Modem Manu’.

Since Independence, much progress has been achieved in providing equality of opportunities to the Scheduled Castes. This has been closed to them for many centuries being opened. They have come and occupy both central and state govt offices, Judges ambassadors, etc… They have acquitted themselves in major positions of responsibility.

Much remains yet to be done on the social plane. The Annual reports of the commission for scheduled castes and scheduled tribes list several of the law, notwithstanding the law book and the members have been discriminated against. When social discrimination is completely eliminated from our society them Ambedkar’s work will be really complete.

To achieve social goals and objectives through constitutional methods. he described the civil disobedience, non – cooperation and satyagraha as “grammar of anarchy”. These methods were used in foreign Government but in a democratic country which is based on free and fair elections should do on people’s consent. If it not, such operations invariably result in the loss of lives and public property.

2500 years ago Buddha said about last Systems in India that the only two classes of people such that the noble and wholesome second is ignoble and unwholesome. Tamil poetess Awai proclaimed that the charitable who give and they are superior on the contrary the misers who do not give are inferior. The great sages and saints revealed the hollowness of the caste system and preached that all the human beings are same and equal, classes are determined by their characters not by birth.

When the British ruled our Country. They followed caste distinction because of their benefits, so they followed the policy of “Divide and Rule” Mahatma Gandhi and Ambedkar deny or opposed the caste system and proclaim, the oneness of the Hindu community. Gandhiji reminding the duty of higher caster to depressed classes and Ambedkar reminding the innate rights to equality. Both of them brought a revolution in social thought.

Jawaharlal Nehru described Ambedkar as “a symbol of revolt” in the Lok – Sabha when Ambedkar was passed away in December 1956. Nehru said that whelter we agreed with him or not in matter but we should appreciate his perseverance and persistence and help in rousing up of depressed classes. It was sad because such a great soul has passed away. We should hope that the day will come that Ambedkar’s dream of Samata become a reality.

 Dr. B.R. Ambedkar Summary in Kannada

 Dr. B.R. Ambedkar Summary in Kannada 1
 Dr. B.R. Ambedkar Summary in Kannada 2
 Dr. B.R. Ambedkar Summary in Kannada 3
 Dr. B.R. Ambedkar Summary in Kannada 4
 Dr. B.R. Ambedkar Summary in Kannada 5
 Dr. B.R. Ambedkar Summary in Kannada 6
 Dr. B.R. Ambedkar Summary in Kannada 7
 Dr. B.R. Ambedkar Summary in Kannada 8

Hope all the information given regarding Karnataka Class 10 English Solutions Prose Chapter 4 Dr. B.R. Ambedkar will help you to get good knowledge. For any queries, you can contact us and clear your doubts. Connect with us using the comment section. Also, we love your feedback and review. Get your Chapter Wise Karnataka Secondary Education Examination Board Class 10 Textbook Solutions for English PDF start learning for the exam.

1st PUC English Model Question Paper 7 with Answers

Students can Download 1st PUC English Model Question Paper 7 with Answers, Karnataka 1st PUC English Model Question Papers with Answers help you to revise complete Syllabus.

Karnataka 1st PUC English Model Question Paper 7 with Answers

Time: 3 Hrs. 15 Mins.
Max. Marks: 100

Instructions

  • Follow the prescribed limit while answering the questions.
  • Write the correct question number as it appears on the question paper.
  • One mark question attempted more than once will be awarded zero.
  • For multiple-choice questions choose the correct answer and rewrite it.

I. Answer the following in a word, a phrase, or a sentence each. (12 × 1 = 12)

Question 1.
In whose favor was the judgment given?
Answer:
In favor of the elephant.

Question 2.
Who spent anxious hours in the school?
Answer:
The schoolboy.

Question 3.
What is the problem of native doctors in ‘Around a Medicinal Creeper’?
Answer:
The doctors have a blind belief that if they told others about their medicines, the medicines would lose their potency.

Question 4.
How much money did the narrator have in his pocket as his life’s savings?
Answer:
Fourteen rupees.

Question 5.
What are people more terrified of as per ‘Money Madness’?
Answer:
Money madness.

Question 6.
How does Ali make the children listen?
Answer:
By playing a teacher-student game.

Question 7.
When does the sacred cow scrape her body onto the bark in ‘If I was a Tree’?
Answer:
Whenever it got itching on her body.

Question 8.
Why did the visitor approach Mara in ‘Watchman of the Lake’?
Answer:
To ask water for his village with parched fields.

Question 9.
What does the phrase “harvest of my womb” suggest in ‘The Farmer’s Wife’?
Answer:
Harvest of my womb refers to her children.

KSEEB Solutions 1st PUC English Model Question Paper 7 with Answers

Question 10.
When was Douglass separated from his mother?
Answer:
When he was just an infant.

Question 11.
What does the narrator learn from nurse Lucia in “Two Gentlemen of Verona”;
Answer:
The narrator got information about the boys’ sister and their childhood.

Question 12.
What does the phrase ‘harsh realities* refer to in ‘Do not ask of Me, My Love’?
Answer:
Harsh realities mean difficulties in the real life.

II. Answer any eight of the following in a paragraph of 50-70 words each : (8 × 4 = 32)

Question 13.
How does the elephant justify its act of occupying the hut?
Answer:
The elephant went to the man when it was in difficulty and asked him to give a place to keep its trunk to protect it from rain. The man showed sympathy and gave permission to keep its trunk only, as there wàs enough place only for its trunk and himself. But the elephant slowly sneaked in and occupied the whole hut and threw him out, by saying that it would protect his hut from the hurricane.

Question 14.
Comment on the boy’s experience outside the school and inside the school.
Answer:
The boy was not happy in the school because it took away his joy and made him sit under restrictions. He cried and was scared in school, he did not get any happiness from the books. He felt the school was like a prison, he never learned anything there and never got any knowledge.

The poet William Blake relevantly argues on the education of the children. He says that the boy is very happy being with nature and he learns freely in nature as he loves to rise happily in the sl4rnmer morning. But when he thinks of school, his happiness disappears and he feels the school is a prison. The boy does not think freely in school. The poet excellently says that the boy sits in the school in fear and anxiety and he questions how he can learn the subjects. When the child loses his happiness he doesn’t show interest in learning and it becomes a major obstacle for his mental and physical growth.

The poet emphasizes nature. He says, the boy gets happiness in the singing of a bird and watching the huntsman. Nature is a sweet company to him. But when the boy enters formal schooling, he spends the time in irritation and anxiety. The poet stresses on free-learning and informal schooling, that is learning in nature. That helps to widen his mental horizon and physical growth. The poet is not arguing against education but discourages formal schooling and encourages informal learning. He gives valuable advice to the parents to give a lot of sweet memories of learning in childhood so that the child gets àll round development and ensures the future of the nation.

Totally, the poem is an excellent attempt to bring out the torture felt by the children at formal schooling. The poem gives the message to discourage formal schooling and encourage free learning for children.

Question 15.
What has made modern man lose the knowledge of traditional medicine?
Answer:
In the present story, we realize the importance of natural resources such as plants and their medicinal value. However, when we speak of developmental projects, they are directed towards technology and allopathic medicines. Only a few measures are taken to create awareness among people about the immense potential of ayurvedic medicine. In the name of development, we are losing a lot of natural resources such as land and trees towards the utility of space for construction purposes. While doing so, we are forgetting the key point – the natural resources such as trees that bring rain and prove as starting materials for making medicine. Also through development, we are in fact giving rise to more diseases. The atmosphere that we had in historic times was far healthier and safer than the atmosphere we breathe in today. Thus, whatever development we are aiming for, should primarily revolve around the lines of conserving our natural resources and their utilization.

KSEEB Solutions 1st PUC English Model Question Paper 7 with Answers

Question 16.
How did the stranger save the narrator in the lesson “Oru Manushan”?
Answer:
Once. the narrator went to a restaurant with fourteen rupees in his act kept in the pocket and ate a full meal consisting of chapatis and meat curry. He drank tea. The bill was eleven annas. He searched his pocket to pay the bill but was shocked that his wallet was not in his pocket and someone had stolen it. When he said the same to the once. the owner caught him by the lapels and ordered him to pay up. But as he did not have any money, he offered to keep his coat there and later ou1d bring some money and claim the coat. But the owner asked him to take òff all his clothes. When he was removing them with great humiliation, a stranger came and helped the narrator by pa lug his bill.

Question 17.
Describe the poet’s care about the people’s feelings towards humanity rather than money.
Answer:
The poem Money Madness by D.H. Larence focuses on how a man becomes more materialistic and loses the values and sentiments in society He respects money over relationships. Society goes on to measure a man in terms of money. A man who does not have money. does not get respect from society and those who have money get respect and are obeyed by all. So to get all these social status, the man gives much importance to money and he never helps other fellow beings who ma be in difficulties.

The poet says that man has this none madness and it is widely spread among men. He affirms that if society goes behind money, individuals to goes behind the same, He confirms that no man gives a pound without pain and no man gives ten pounds without trembling, and the man loses his generosity. Man makes money. but money makes man and many things. So, the man fears money and tries to accumulate it and respects it instead of other men. The poet also warns that money-less people should not be treated with neglect and shouLd not be treated based on status.

The poet fears for mankind that if it measures another man only in terms of money, there would be no future for human relationships. If people do not regain sanity about money. certainly, money has got men to don to become its slaves. So. the poet offers a genuine solution that bread should be free, shelter should be free and fire should be free to all the people in the world.

In the overall view of the poem. the poet worries about man’s greed for money and offers a better solution for a better tomorrow.

Question 18.
Babar Ali’s school reflects the transformation of society. Discuss.
Answer:
Babar All’s school was started when he was only nine while playing a game. Very soon. children began to love his way of teaching and flocked to his ‘school’. Babar did not charge any fee for his teaching. He also got the help of the local educated people. who came and taught the children. Babar was successful in getting the help of nine high school student volunteers. The oldest and most educated of them is Debarita who goes to College in Behrampur.

Babar himself studies in class XII in a school quite far from his house. He commutes the long-distance, attends classes in the mornings, and comes back in the afternoons to his ‘school’ to teach youngsters who have worked liard in the mornings and are now ready for learning. The fact that his school is entirely free, he and his staff teach well, there is a midday meal, and his school is recognized b the West Bengal Government. attracts man students to his school.

The increasing strength of his school just shows how eager people are to get their children educated. and how good. selfless work gets noticed b people soon. Those who cannot afford education in the regular schools. do not mind sending their children to learn from teachers like Babar. This only proves that Indians are realizing the significance of education in life.

Question 19.
How did Mara react to the Goddess when she appeared before him for the first time?
Answer:
The first tune was when the Goddess appeared before him. he was very content and happy as she was very beautiful and peaceful and she gave a command to him to build a tank for Veda. Her appearance was a great pleasure for him and he saw her as a peaceful mother.

KSEEB Solutions 1st PUC English Model Question Paper 7 with Answers

Question 20.
How were women slaves misused by the white owners?
Answer:
The slaveholders sexually exploit the slave women and the children born out of this also follow this condition of slavery. Mother and child are separated to avoid any filial bonding. Children born like this are a constant reminder to the wives of the masters about their parentage and they take a sadistic pleasure in ill-treating these Mulattpes.

They are whipped and beaten for the slightest offense and if the master shows any favors to them, they get punished further. The slaves are whipped mercilessly for the smallest mistakes. As it is they are made to work from morning till night without rest.

Question 21.
The poem ‘Farmer’s Wife’ highlights the plight of widows after the death of husbands. Discuss.
Answer:
The poem The Fanciš Wife” is a tragic poem that reflects the helpless conditions of farmers’ widows. The plight of the widows is explained by one such widow. The poet uses many phrases to contrast her condition with that of her dead husband. She called the farmer virtuous’ and herself a poor sinner’. The farmer was unable to pay the debts and he left all the debts to his wife, so she was very sad about his act of committing suicide.

The feminist concept was also highlighted in the poem, the phrase “I was born with a head benefit justifies the discrimination in our society men and women. Man is born with his head held- high, but a woman is born with her head bent. But he did not face his creditors bravely and left all this to his wife to solve. She accused her husband that he poisoned himself and gone away by poisoning his wife’s existence. She remembered the memories of his beating, blaming, drinking, and kicking haunting her. She never dreamt that he would commit suicide. It was true that the crop was gone but the debt remained there and dignity had hit the dust. She expresses her helplessness that how would she be able to bear the burden of their four children. She compared her condition with ‘worn – eaten cotton pods.” She got ambiguous and asked what was that and why he committed suicide.

At last, she confidently asserts her determination to struggle out her life even without her husband for the sake of her children. So, she shows a strong will to survive against all difficulties. Her voice is raised against society in general.

Question 22.
Describe the helplessness of an old woman.
Answer:
The poem ‘An old woman” depicts the worst condition of an old woman, who is an old beggar near the Horseshoe shrine. She holds the sleeves of the passers-by and follows them asking for a fifty paise coin. Even though by appearance she looks like a beggar. she has her self-respect and in return for the fifty paise, offers to show the tourists around the Horseshoe shrine. She laments about her helplessness in those wretched hills to eke out a living.

Her physical appearance evokes sympathy in the passers-by. Phrases like “bullet holes for her eves. “cracks that begin around her eyes spread beyond her skin”, and shùter proof crone’ describe the pathetIc condition of her miserable existence.

III. Answer one of the following in about 200 words : (1 × 6 = 6)

Question 23.
Explain the observation of the narrator on the two boys in ‘Two Gentleman of Verona’.
Answer:
The boy’s character and behavior prove that they were selfless, sentimental, adventurous hard working. do not involve others in their troubles. do not expect sympathy from others. responsible for their sister, sharing work with each other, never complained about their difficulties, optimistic and suitable for the title of the lesson “Two Gentlemen of Verona”.
or
How does the poet bring out the relationship between nature and man in “If I was a Tree”. Discuss.
Answer:
The speaker wanted to be a tree because no one would discriminate against it and birds wouldn’t ask to what caste it belonged and sunlight would (approach) embrace it and its shadow wouldn’t be termed polluted. It can make friendship with the cool breeze, and raindrops would not go back by thinking that it is untouchable. The tree would feel happy with the touch of a sacred cow and it would get the opportunity of providing shelter for the hundred thousand Gods said to be residing in the cow. The tree can become pure when it is cut into dry pieces and burnt in the hoE fire and can help the sinless dead body by becoming a bier on the shoulders of four good men.

The poem describes the sense of equality present in nature, Sunlight and cool breeze treat everybody with love and spread their sweetness to all without discrimination. Unlike some humans who feel polluted getting in contact with the untouchables, nature has no such sense of superiority. All are equal in their eves.

The poem also presents social discrimination, as the speaker is much humiliated by the social discrimination and wanted to become a tree to escape from discrimination in society. He feels the safest purity and generosity and helping nature of a tree more than in human beings in a society man without thinking of helping others, thinks which is pure and which is polluted. He neglects and discriminates against some and appreciates others in name of caste, creed, and religion. So this practice is meaningless and the practice must be prohibited to sustain equality in society.
or
“Is Indian herbal medicine is better/safer than allopathic medicine?” Support your view.
Answer:
India is rich in herbal medicine but the tragedy is modern man does not know the use of all those herbs. Instead, he completely depends on allopathic medicine. In this story, the author is suggesting the effectiveness of herbal medicine with a few unbelievable stories. Nowadays modern man thoroughly neglects the uses of trees and plants and forgets the ayurvedic treatment. In fact, ayurvedic is a more powerful treatment with no side effects. Allopathy has a lot of side effects to the patient and moreover, it is costly

But modern man due to his status and unawareness of ayurvedic advantages depends on allopathy. He has completely lost his faith in traditional medicine. A good example is, that the father of ayurvedic medicine was an Indian named “Bodhi” who had written a book on ayurvedic medicine., but the irony is that Indians do not even know his name, whereas in China he is famous. Today, it is the responsibility of every Indian to preserve every ayurvedic herbal and to use them. If it is practiced in homes, no Indian will get the disease and the future of India could be free of diseases forever.

IV. Read the following passage carefully and answer the questions set on it in a word, a phrase, or a sentence each. (10 × 1 = 10)

Lucy Ball, television’s First Lady of Laughter, died due to cardiac arrest. The popular American comedy queen who made audiences all over the world laugh heartily week after week had nothing to laugh about in her own life.

Lucy was abandoned by her family to lead a lonely and loveless life. The cumulative effect of all this build-up was her heart ailment which eventually culminated in a cardiac arrest.

She was a comedy Queen who ruled the roost for over three decades. Her last serial “I love Lucy” was a big hit. Milton Berle, a top comedian in his own right praised Lucy thus: “In fact, she is one of the greatest clowns of all times”.

But her own life has been a saga of comedy and tragedy. As the news of her death spread across the United States, the media acclaimed her as the pioneer who got recognition to the small screen through her serials.

Lucy, the happy-go-lucky lady did not laugh in her last days. There were reasons for her loneliness. Gary Morton, her husband was so much obsessed with golf that he had no time for her. Arnez her daughter, lived too far away to be of little use and solace. Her son despised her. Added to this woe was the death of confidante Vivian Vance who played Ethel in the ‘I Love Lucy” series.

Lucy and her husband led separate lives. Lucy the loner lived in Beverly Hills and Morgan spent most of his time 115 miles away playing golf in Palm Springs, California. A family friend summed up: “Gary is obsessed with golf and Lucy has become a golf widow”. Gary did not spend more than a dozen nights in Lucy’s Beverly Hills home. It was a part-time marriage.

Question 24.
Who was Lucy Ball?
Answer:
She was a popular American comedy Queen.

Question 25.
Lucy’s husband was obsessed with
(a) golf (b) cricket (c) baseball
Answer:
(a) golf

Question 26.
How does Milton Berle praise Lucy?
Answer:
As one of the greatest clowns of all time.

Question 27.
Name Lucy’s last serial.
Answer:
“I love Lucy”.

Question 28.
How did the media acclaim, Lucy?
Answer:
As the pioneer who got recognition to the small screen through her serials.

Question 29.
Who played the role of Ethel in Lucy’s last TV serial?
Answer:
Her close friend and confidante Vivian Vance.

KSEEB Solutions 1st PUC English Model Question Paper 7 with Answers

Question 30.
Lucy’s personal life was a tragedy. True/False
Answer:
True.

Question 31.
Where did Lucy live?
Answer:
Beverly Hills.

Question 32.
What kind of life did Lucy lead?
Answer:
Lonely and loveless.

Question 33.
Lucy’s marriage is described as
Answer:
A part-time marriage.

V. A. Fill in the blanks with appropriate articles and prepositions given in brackets: (1 × 4 = 4)

Question 34.
…………. lion, who wanted to have “peace and tranquility”……………. his kingdom, replied in ……………. noble voice saying “ I command my ministers ……………… appoint a Commission of Enquiry.
(to, in, the, a, an, of)
Answer:
the, in, a, to

B. Fill in the blanks with the suitable form of the verbs given in brackets. (1 × 4 = 4)

Question 35.
One day I got up at 4 p.m as usual. I …………… (finish) my daily chores and …………………. (step) out for iqy tea and a meal. You must understand that I was ………………. (dress) in a suit. I …………. (has) a wallet in my coat pocket.
Answer:
finished, stepped, dressed, had.

C. Choose the correct form of the verb that agrees with the subject: (1 × 3 = 3)

Question 36.
Babar Ali ………………(gives/gave) lessons just the way he has ……………….(hear/heard) them from his teachers. He ……………… (teaches/taught) his students, under the open sky
Answer:
gives, heard, teaches

D. Correct the following sentences and rewrite them: (2 × 1 = 2)

Question 37.
I saw an one-legged man.
Answer:
I saw a one-legged man.

Question 38.
Why you are late?
Answer:
Why are you late?

E. Rewrite as directed : (6 × 1 = 6)

Question 39.
The use of credit cards ………………. (has/have) increased hundredfold.
(Fill in the blank with an appropriate word given in brackets).
Answer:
has.

Question 40.
A pleasant-looking woman with a ruddy ………….. (complex) and steel-rimmed spectacles appeared. (Complete the sentence with the right form of the word given in brackets).
Answer:
complexion.

KSEEB Solutions 1st PUC English Model Question Paper 7 with Answers

Question 41.
City / a / Verona / is / lovely
(Rearrange the segments to form a meaningful sentence).
Answer:
Verona is a lovely city.

Question 42.
The narrator does not know anything. (Add a question tag).
Answer:
does he?

Question 43.
Once upon a time, an elephant made friendship with a man.
(Change into a question beginning with the right form of ‘do’.)
Answer:
Did an elephant make a friendship with a man?

Question 44.
The narrator stayed in that city in a very small dingy room in a dirty street.
(Frame a question so as to get the underlined words as answer).
Answer:
Where did the narrator stay in that city?

VI. A., Refer to the following schedule given below and answer the questions set on it : (1 × 4 = 4)

Question 45.
The Golgumbaz Express, Yashwantpur – Solapur, leaves Yashwantpur at 9.30 pm and arrives at Alamatti at 9.00 am. The same train leaves Alamatti for Solapur at 9.15 am and arrives at Solapur at 1.15 pm. It leaves Solapur at 2.00 pm for the return journey to Yashwantpur.
(i) Which train leaves from Yashwantpur for Solapur?
(ii) At what time does it leave Alamatti for Solapur?
(iii) How many hours does the train require to reach from Yashwantpur to Alamatti?
(iv) At what time does the train leave Solapur for Yashwantpur?
Answer:
(i) The Golgumbaz express.
(ii) 9:15 am.
(iii) 11 hours 30 minutes.
(iv) At 2:00 pm.

B. You need a study certificate from the Principal of your College. (1 × 5 = 5)

Question 46.
Write a letter to include the following details.
(a) Your admission number, year of study, etc.
(b) Why do you need it?
(c) When and to whom it has to be submitted?
Answer:
Rajanish
II PUC, ‘A’ Section.
Vijaya College,
Jayanagar, Bangalore -11.

20 March 2014.

The Principal Vijaya College,
Jayanagar, Bangalore – 11.

Dear Sir,
I am studying in II PUC ‘A’ Section. My admission number is 24/2012 – 13.1 have passed the I PUC exam with a distinction. Now I would like to apply for a scholarship, to the BCM officer of our district. I need a Study Certificate for the same. Therefore, I request you to kindly issue my study certificate within two days and oblige.

Thank you

Yours faithfully
Sd/-

VII. A. Match the expression under column A to its corresponding language functions under B: (1 × 5 = 5)

Question 47.

A. Expressions

B. Functions

1. He is my friend Manu (a) Complimenting
2. You are looking beautiful (b) introducing
3. How are you? (c) expressing sympathy,
4. Could you please give me the coat? (d) greeting
5. Oh God! How sad! (e) requesting

Answer:
(1) – b
(2) – a
(3) – d
(4) – e
(5) – c.

KSEEB Solutions 1st PUC English Model Question Paper 7 with Answers

B. Complete the dialogue: (1 × 4 = 4)

Question 48.
Ravi: …………. help me to carry this?
Raghu: Certainly ………….
Ravi: …………..carrying this.
Raghu: ……….bye.
Answer:
Ravi: Can you please help me to cam’ this’?
Raghu: Certainly I will.
Rai: Thank you for carrying this.
Raghu: It’s ok. Bye.

C. Dialogue Writing: (1 × 3 = 3)

Question 49.
Akshaya buys a gift from a gift center. She requests the shopkeeper to gift wrap it for her. Write a dialogue between Akshaya and the shopkeeper.
Answer:
Akshaya: Please gift wrap this item.
Shopkeeper: Sure. We will do it.
Akshaya: Thank you.
Shopkeeper: It’s ok Madam.

1st PUC English Model Question Paper 6 with Answers

Students can Download 1st PUC English Model Question Paper 6 with Answers, Karnataka 1st PUC English Model Question Papers with Answers help you to revise complete Syllabus.

Karnataka 1st PUC English Model Question Paper 6 with Answers

Time: 3 Hrs. 15 Mins.
Max. Marks: 100

Instructions

  • Follow the prescribed limit while answering the questions.
  • Write the correct question number as it appears on the question paper.
  • One mark questions attempted more than once will be awarded zero.
  • For multiple-choice questions choose the correct answer and rewrite it.

I. Answer the following in a word, a phrase, or a sentence each. (12 × 1 = 12)

Question 1.
What was the judgment of the commission?
Answer:
The commission advised the man to let his hut for the elephant’s occupation and to build a new one.

Question 2.
Where was the boy afraid?
Answer:
In the school.

Question 3.
Who are a plant pathologist and a friend of the narrator?
Answer:
Chandru.

Question 4.
What did the narrator do for his life in ‘Oru Manushyam’?
Answer:
Teaching English to some migrant laborers.

Question 5.
How do the people measure an individual in ‘Money Madness’?
Answer:
People measure the value of others in terms of money.

Question 6.
Why is Babar Ali called ‘Fortunate Soul’ in his village?
Answer:
He has a thatched house to live in. He had gone to school and got formal education. His father, a school dropout believes that education is man’s true religion and supports Babar’s venture.

KSEEB Solutions 1st PUC English Model Question Paper 6 with Answers

Question 7.
How does the speaker want to be purified in the poem “If I was a Tree”.
Answer:
By being cut to pieces and getting burnt in the holy fire, the speaker wants to be purified.

Question 8.
Whom did Mara meet to explain his dream?
Answer:
The King.

Question 9.
What prevented the slaves from knowing their birthdays?
Answer:
The wish of the masters prevented the slaves from knowing their birthdays.

Question 10.
What were the old woman’s eyes compared to?
Answer:
Bullet holes.

Question 11.
What help did the boys expect from the narrator in ‘Two Gentlemen of Verona’?
Answer:
To get dropped at their village Poleta.

Question 12.
What was her beauty compared to in ‘Do not ask of Me, My Love’?
Answer:
Her beauty was compared to spring.

II. Answer any eight of the following in a paragraph of 50-70 words each : (8 × 4 = 32)

Question 13.
How did the elephant justify its act of occupying the hut?
Answer:
The elephant went to the man when it was in difficulty and asked him to give a place to keep its trunk to protect it from rain. The man showed sympathy and gave permission to keep its trunk only, as there was enough place only for its trunk and himself. But the elephant slowly sneaked in and occupied the whole hut and threw him out, by saying that it would protect his hut from the hurricane.

Question 14.
Describe the boy’s experience in the school.
Answer:
The boy was not happy in the school because it took away his joy and made him sit under restrictions. He cried and was scared in school, he did not get any happiness from the books. He felt the school was like a prison, he never learned anything there and never got any knowledge.

Question 15.
How was Krishna cured of his illness in ‘Around a Medicinal Creeper’?
Answer:
Krishna was suffering from piles and met the narrator to get some help. But the narrator only helped him with some money which was not enough for the treatment. But Krishna knew a Malayali Sadhu. This godman had treated Krishna on an earlier occasion when Krishna had started déveloping boils all over his body. The godman had cured him with the barks of a tree. Krishna went in search of the godman. but he was too old and could not search for the medicinal creepers. He described the features of the plant to Krishna. Krishna went in search of the leaves and on the way he met the narrator and described the leaves. The narrator understood that those were the leaves that Mara and Appanna had tied to the nearest tree. The narrator took him to the plant and dug quite a bit to get the tuber. Krishna ground this root with milk and drank it. In this way, he was cured of piles within five days.

KSEEB Solutions 1st PUC English Model Question Paper 6 with Answers

Question 16.
Give an account of the embarrassing experience of the narrator at the restaurant?
Answer:
Once, the narrator went to a restaurant with fourteen rupees in his wallet kept in the pocket and ate a full meal consisting of chapatis and meat curry. He drank tea. The bill was eleven annas He searched his pocket to pay the bill, but was shocked that his wallet was not in his pocket and someone had stolen it. When he said the same to the oner. the owner caught him by the lapels and ordered him to pay up. Bitt as he did ¡lot have an’ mOnC’, he offered to keep his coat there and later ould bring some money and claim the coat. But the tile owner asked him to take òff all his clothes. When he was removing them with great humiliation, a stranger came and helped the narrator by paring his bill.

Question 17.
How does the poem bring out the collective madness of money which affects individuals?
Answer:
The poem Money Madness by D.H. Lawrence focuses on how a man becomes more materialistic and loses the values and sentiments in society He respects money over relationships. Society goes on to measure a man in tonnes of money. A man who does not have money. does not get respect from society and those who have money get respect and are obeyed by all. So to get all these social statuses, the man gives much importance to money and he never helps other fellow beings who may be in difficulties.

The poet says that man has this money madness and it is widely spread among men. He affirms that if society goes behind money, individuals to goes behind the same. He confirms that no man gives a pound without pain and no man gives ten pounds without trembling, and the man loses his generosity. Man makes money, but money makes man and many things. So, the man fears money and tries to accumulate it and respects it instead of other men. The poet also warns that money-less people should not be treated with neglect and should not be treated based on status.

The poet fears for mankind that if it measures another man only in terms of money, there would be no future for human relationships. If people regain sanity about none. certainly, money has got men down to become its slaves. So. the poet offers a genuine solution that bread should be free, shelter should be free and fire should be free to all the people in the world.

In the overall view of the poem, the poet worries about man’s greed for money and offers a better solution for a better tomorrow.

Question 18.
“Education is a true religion”. How did Babar Ali prove this?
Answer:
‘Education is a true religion’ is a fine thought of Nasiruddin. Babar All’s father. When people all over arc quarreling about their religions and castes, he is the man who gives education importance arid says it is the true religion. One can steal anything, but nobody can steal knowledge. It is the immortal light which lights p millions of’ other lights. He sums it up by saying. ‘Education is a true religion’.

Inspired by these words. man has understood the value of education and its Lises aid have started sending their children to schools. Babar’s commitment to helping these people is undeniable and the fact that from eight students in the beginning how his school has grown to cater for eight hundred. shos ho he has changed the people around him and drains the children to school. Babar is a shining example for the quote ‘where there is a will there is a way.

In spite of being only a teenager instead of whiling away his time playing in the fields, he had a vision and followed it and motivated others into following him.

This literacy movement should not stop at this but should spread to other places also, igniting other like-minded souls to take the initiative to dream, work for and realize a better tomorrow for India. Babar Ah has become a legend in his youth only and stands tall as an ‘outliers for the world to emulate.

Question 19.
How does the poet bring out the concept of defilement and purification?
Answer:
The speaker wanted to be a tree because no one would discriminate against it and birds wouldn’t ask to what caste it belonged and sunlight would (approach) embrace it and its shadow wouldn’t be termed polluted. It can make friendship with the cool breeze. and raindrops would not go back by thinking that it is untouchable, The tree would feel happy with the touch of a sacred cow and it would get the opportunity of providing shelter for the hundred thousand Gods said to be residing in the cow. The tree can become pure when it is cut into dry pieces and burnt in the holy fire and can help the sinless dead body by becoming a bier on the shoulders of four good men.

The poem describes the sense of equality present in nature. Sunlight and cool breeze treat everybody with love and spread their sweetness to all without discrimination. Unlike some humans who feel polluted getting in contact with the untouchables. nature has no such sense of superiority. All are equal in their eves.

The poem also presents social discrimination, as the speaker is much humiliated by the social discrimination and wanted to become a tree to escape from discrimination in society.

He feels the safest purity and generosity and helping nature of a tree more than in human beings. In society, a man without thinking of helping others thinks which is pure and which is polluted. He neglects and discriminates against some and appreciates others in name of caste, creed, and religion. So this practice is meaningless and the practice must be prohibited to sustain equality in society.

Question 20.
Bring out the significance of the sacred spot that Mara describes to the King?
Answer:
The place as on sacred. Water had flowed on since the day Hanuman took the Sanjeevini, Its birth was in the fleeting mists of the mountain top. and on its way through rare flowers and forests. it has come done to their village. River Veda carried nectar in its bosom which revived Gods and nourished mortals. But. in summer Veda stops flowing and villagers die of drought. To get water the hole ear, the’ need to build a tank for Veda. That was the true significance of that place. It was the place where Sanjeevini grew.

KSEEB Solutions 1st PUC English Model Question Paper 6 with Answers

Question 21.
What kind of questions does the poem raise about the farmer’s widows?
Answer:
The poem “The Farmer’s Wife” is a tragic poem that reflects the helpless conditions of farmers’ widows. The plight of the widows is explained by one such widow. The poet uses many phrases to contrast her condition with that of her dead husband. She called the farmer as virtuous’ and herself a ‘poor sinner. The farmer was unable to pay the debts and he left all the debts to his wife, so she was very sad about his act of committing suicide. The feminist concept was also highlighted in the poem, the phrase “I was born with a head bent’ justifies the discrimination in our society between men and women.

Man is born with his head held- high, but a woman is born with her head bent. But he did not face his creditors bravely and left all this to his wife to solve. She accused her husband that he poisoned himself and gone away by poisoning his wife’s existence. She remembered the memories of his beating, blaming, drinking, and kicking haunting her. She never dreamt that he would commit suicide. It was true that the crop was gone but the debt remained there and dignity had hit the dust. She expresses her helplessness that how would she be able to bear the burden of their four children. She compared her condition with ‘worm-eaten cotton pods.” She got ambiguous and asked what was that and why he committed suicide.

At last, she confidently asserts her determination to struggle out her life even without her husband for the sake of her children. So, she shows a strong will to survive against all difficulties. Her voice is raised against society in general.

Question 22.
In what ways were the boys useful to the narrator in ‘Two Gentlemen of Verona’?
Answer:
The boys were very useful for the narrator. When the narrator wanted a pack of American cigarettes or seats for the opera. or the name of a good restaurant. they were always there in all these needs with cheerful competence. Thèy had also taken the author on a guided tour to the different places of interest at ‘Verona including Juliet’s tomb.

III. Answer one of the following in about 200 words: (1 × 6 = 6)

Question 23.
The poem is a satire of social discrimination. Discuss.
Answer:
The speaker wanted to be a tree because no one would discriminate against it and birds wouldn’t ask to what caste it belonged and sunlight would (approach) embrace it and its shadow wouldn’t be termed polluted. It can make friendship with the cool breeze. and raindrops would not go back by thinking that it is untouchable, The tree would feel happy with the touch of a sacred cow and it would get the opportunity of providing shelter for the hundred thousand Gods said to be residing in the cow. The tree can become pure when it is cut into dry pieces and burnt in the holy fire and can help the sinless dead body by becoming a bier on the shoulders of four good men.

The poem describes the sense of equality present in nature. Sunlight and cool breeze treat everybody with love and spread their sweetness to all without discrimination. Unlike some humans who feel polluted getting in contact with the untouchables. nature has no such sense of superiority. All are equal in their eves.

The poem also presents social discrimination, as the speaker is much humiliated by the social discrimination and wanted to become a tree to escape from discrimination in society.

He feels the safest purity and generosity and helping nature of a tree more than in human beings. In society, a man without thinking of helping others thinks which is pure and which is polluted. He neglects and discriminates against some and appreciates others in name of caste, creed, and religion. So this practice is meaningless and the practice must be prohibited to sustain equality in society.
or
Describe the experience of slavery in terms of Douglass’ life story.
Answer:
The passage reflects the brutal hidden faces of the masters who treat their slaves cruelly The slaves were not given proper food. They were exploited without any freedom. Especially for women, it was double exploitation in the name of patriarchy and in the name of slavery. When the girls at teenage seem to be beautiful for their masters, they use them sexually and if they give birth to children, the children were sold at the age of infants to avoid their sentimental relationship.

The passage also explains the heart-rendering description of walking at night for several miles of mothers to see their children. Moreover, they could talk only a little bit because the children would be tired and go to sleep but in the morning they have to go back to work before sunrise. If they fail, they get whipping. This shows the brutal nature of white masters towards their slaves.
or
Describe Babar Ali’s efforts to change society.
Answer:
Babar All’s school was started when he was only nine while playing a game. Very soon. children began to love his way of teaching and flocked to his ‘school’. Babar did not charge any fee for his teaching. He also got the help of the local educated people. ho came and taught the children. Babar was successful in getting the help of nine high school student volunteers. The oldest and most educated of them is Debarita who goes to College in Behrampur.

Babar himself studies in class XII in a school quite far from his house. He commutes the long-distance, attends classes in the mornings, and comes back in the afternoons to his ‘school’ to teach youngsters who have worked hard in the mornings and are now read for learning. The fact that his school is entirely free, he and his staff teach well, there is a midday meal, and his school is recognized by the Vest Bengal Government, attracts many students to his school.

The increasing strength of his school just shows how eager people are to get their children educated. and how good. selfless work gets noticed by people soon. Those who cannot afford education in the regular schools, do not mind sending their children to learn from teachers like Babar. This only proves that Indians are realizing the significance of education in life.

IV. Read the following passage carefully and answer the questions set on it in a word, a phrase, or a sentence each: (10 × 1 = 10)

Legend has it that many centuries ago, an Indian prince named Kaudinya ventured into the waters of the Far East. There he was met by the daughter of a dragon king who ruled over a water place. The story goes that the princess paddled up to Kaudinya’s ship to catch a glimpse of him. He shot an arrow from a magic bow into her boat and she fell deeply in love with him. The father of the princess agreed to the match and as a wedding gift, drank up all the waters of the kingdom! He named the land thus formed “Kambuja” and gave it to the newly wedded couple to rule over.

The legend gives some indication of the cultural forces that brought Cambodia into existence and its relationship to the Indian subcontinent. One such custom that really gives the Indian touch in the tradition of laying two banana trees at the front of the wedding hall. One of the trees is painted silver and the other gold. While the symbolism of the banana plant complete with fruits and flowers is a symbol of a complete and prosperous family, the gold and silver are symbolic of prosperity.

Question 24.
According to the legend, where did the prince go?
Answer:
The prince went into the waters of the Far East.

Question 25.
Whom did the prince meet?
Answer:
The daughter of a dragon king.

Question 26.
Who ruled over the place?
Answer:
A dragon king.

Question 27.
Why did the princess paddle up to the ship?
Answer:
To catch a glimpse of the prince.

Question 28.
How did the princess fall in love with him?
Answer:
When he shot an arrow from a magic bow into her boat.

Question 29.
What gift did the father give to the newly wedded couple?
Answer:
The Dragon King gave the land‘Kambuja’to the newly wedded couple.

KSEEB Solutions 1st PUC English Model Question Paper 6 with Answers

Question 30.
How did “Kambuja” come into existence?
Answer:
When the dragon King drank up all the waters of the Kingdom, the water place became a landmass and was named “Kambuja”.

Question 31.
State the custom that gives an Indian touch?
Answer:
The tradition of laying two banana trees at the front of the wedding hall.

Question 32.
What is the Cambodian touch to the custom?
Answer:
One of the trees is painted silver and the other gold.

Question 33.
Why were the trees painted silver and gold?
Answer:
Symbolic of prosperity.

V. A. Fill in the blanks with appropriate articles and prepositions given in brackets : (1 × 4 = 4)

Question 34.
On hearing the lion’s roarings the elephant who was one of ……….. high ministers ………….. the jungle kingdom, replied in ……….. soothing voice, and said: “My Lord, there is no disturbance ……………. peace in your kingdom.”
(in, a, the an, of, with)
Answer:
the, in, a, of

B. Fill in the blanks with the suitable form of the verbs given in brackets. (1 × 4 = 4)

Question 35.
The narrator plucked some leaves from the creeper and ……………… (take) them to his friend Chandru who was a plant pathologist. He ………………(tell) him what the had ………….. (hear) about this plant. They …………… (decide) to conduct the experiment and brought a liter of milk.
Answer:
took, told, heard, decided.

C. Choose the correct form of the verb that agrees with the subject: (1 × 2 = 2)

Question 36.
Narrator’s companion …………………. (spoke/speak) to the boys, ……………. (discovers/ discovered) that they ………….. (was/were) brothers.
Answer:
spoke, discovered, were:

D. Correct the following sentences and rewrite them : (2 × 1 = 2)

Question 37.
I learn the English language.
Answer:
I learn the English language.

Question 38.
He is good at economics.
Answer:
He is good at Economics.

E. Rewrite as directed : (6 × 1 = 6)

Question 39.
Each of us …………… (plans/planes) to give a report
(Fill in the blanks with the appropriate words given in brackets).
Answer:
plan.

Question 40.
Manu is ……………. the clothes (wash)
(Complete the sentence with the right form of the word given in the brackets).
Answer:
washing.

Question 41.
Leaves/has/this/betel/leaves/resembling/small /creeper (Rearrange the segments to form a meaningful sentence).
Answer:
This creeper has small leaves resembling betel leaves.

Question 42.
It is the story of an unusual medicinal creeper. (Add a question tag).
Answer:
isn’t it?

KSEEB Solutions 1st PUC English Model Question Paper 6 with Answers

Question 43.
Mara decided to brush his teeth.
(Change into a question beginning with the right form of ‘do’.)
Answer:
Did Mara decide to brush his teeth?

Question 44.
The bird is born for joy.
(Frame a question so as to get the underlined words as answer).
Answer:
Why is the bird born?

VI. A. Refer to the following list of events and answer the questions set on it: (1 × 4 = 4)

College Annual Day

Event Time
Inaugural event 10:00 am to 12:00 noon
Prize Distribution 12:00 noon to 12:30 pm
Cultural programs (a) Dance
12:30 pm to 2:00 pm
(b) Lunch Break
2:00 pm to 2:30 pm
(c) Fun world
2:30 pm to 3:30 pm

Question 45.
(i) How long will the inaugural event last?
(ii) At what time will the prize distribution begin?
(iii) When will the cultural programs begin?
(iv) What is the time allotted for the fun world?
Answer:
(i) Two hours
(ii) 12:00 noon
(iii) 12:30 pm
(iv) 2:30 to 3:30 pm (one hour)

B. Write a letter to the Taluk Medical Officer requesting him to take measures to check the spreading of Chikungunya in your locality.

Question 46.
Answer:
Vijay Kumar
# 123. Om Nilaya
I Cross, IX Main
Vijayanagar
Bangalore

10 July 2014

The Taluk Medical Officer
Bangalore South Taluk
Rajiv Gandhi Hospital
Vijayanagar
Bangalore

Dear Sir,
I am a resident of Bangalore South Taluk. Near our locality, there are many slums. People living there do not follow any rules of hygiene and sanitation. Many are suffering from fever body ache etc., which could mean the spread of some deadly diseases. I am afrard it could be chikangunya. Hence I request you to kindly take stringent measures to check the spreading of disease and arrange for medicine for the same.

Thank you

Yours faithfully
Sd/-

VII. A. Match the expression under column A to its corresponding language functions under B. (1 × 5 = 5)

Question 47.

A. Expressions

B. Functions

1. What you told may be right, but (a) introducing
2. Thank you very much (b) disagreeing
3. Somu, this is Ramu. (c) expressing gratitude
4. Oh ! My God (d) greeting
5. Hello, Good evening (e) expressing sympathy.

B. Complete the dialogue : (1 × 4 = 4)Answer:
(1) – b,
(2) – c,
(3) – a.
(4) – e,
(5) – d.

Somu: Hi Raju
Raju: …………………….
Somu: I’m fine. How are you
Raju: ……………………………..
Somu: Hey, you are working so hard. Can I help you?
Raju: ………………………………..
Somu: You are welcome! Shall I go?
Raju:………………………..
Answer:
Somu: Hi Raju!
Raju: Hello, Somu how are you?
Somu: I’m fine. How are you?
Raju : I am ok. Thank you.
Somu: Hey, you are working so hard. Can I help you?
Raju: No. Thanks.
Somu: 0k then. Shall I go?
Raju: 0k. See you, bye.

KSEEB Solutions 1st PUC English Model Question Paper 6 with Answers

C. Dialogue Writing : (1 × 3 = 3)

Question 49.
Suresh has got the first rank in the CET exam. His friend Ramesh compliments him. Write a dialogue between Suresh and Ramesh. The dialogue should cover the following points:

  • About his hard work
  • About his ranking

Answer:
Ramesh: Hai! congrats on getting the first rank in the exam.
Suresh: Thank you. It was part of my efforts and part of my teacher’s guidance.
Ramesh: I am proud of you to have worked hard to get this success.
Suresh: Thanks for your compliments.

1st PUC English Textbook Answers Reflections Chapter 11 An Old Woman

Karnataka 1st PUC English Textbook Answers Reflections Chapter 11 An Old Woman

I. Answer the following questions in a word, a phrase or a sentence each:

An Old Woman Notes KSEEB Solution Question 1.
‘You’ in the poem refers to
(a) the speaker.
(b) the passer by.
(c) the reader.
(d) anyone.
Answer:
(d) anyone.

Old Woman Notes KSEEB Solution Question 2.
What does the old woman offer to do?
Answer:
She offers to take you to the Horseshoe shrine which means that she wants to work as a guide.

An Old Woman Poem Questions And Answers KSEEB Solution Question 3.
What does she expect for her service?
Answer:
Fifty paise.

The Old Woman Notes KSEEB Solution Question 4.
The lines, ‘You turn around and face her with an air of finality’ suggest that he decided to
(a) give her a fifty paise coin and get rid of her.
(b) allow her to take him to the shrine.
(c) end the farce.
Answer:
(c) end the farce.

An Old Woman Questions And Answers KSEEB Solution Question 5.
The old woman’s eyes are compared to
Answer:
bullet holes

An Old Woman Summary Class 11 KSEEB Solution Question 6.
‘you are reduced to so much small change in her hand.’ Here the speaker is suggesting that
a. one is reduced to an insignificant position.
b. one feels that one is being cheated.
c. one feels a change in one’s personality.
Answer:
a. one is reduced to an insignificant position.

An Old Woman Additional Question and Answer

1st Puc English An Old Woman Notes KSEEB Solution Question 7.
How does the old woman look?
Answer:
The old women’s eyes are like bullet holes and there are cracks that begin around her eyes and spread beyond her skin.

An Old Woman Class 11 KSEEB Solution  Question 8.
Where did the woman take the visitor to?
Answer:
To the Horseshoe shrine.

II. Answer the following questions in a paragraph each:

An Old Woman Notes Class 11 KSEEB Solution Question 1.
How is the plight of the old woman depicted in the poem?
Answer:
The poem “‘An old woman” depicts the worst condition of an old woman, who is an old beggar near the Horseshoe shrine. She holds the sleeves of the passers-by. and follows them asking for a fifty paise coin. Even though by appearance she looks like a beggar, she has her self respect and in return for the fifty paise, offers to show the tourists around the Horseshoe shrine. She laments about her helplessness in those wretched hills to eke out a living.

Her physical appearance evokes sympathy in the passers-by. Phrases like “bullet holes for her eyes, ‘‘cracks that begin around her eyes spreat beyond her skin”, and shatter proof crone describe the pathetic condition of her miserable existence.

An Old Woman KSEEB Solution Question 2.
The old woman in the poem is a self appointed tourist guide, not a‘ beggar. Do you agree? Give reasons.
Answer:
The “old woman’ though she is depicted in the worst condition and begs for a fifty paise coin, never loses her self respect and offers to be a guide to passers by. She never takes anything free from others, as she never be wants to a beggar. Though her physical appearance is very bad her mental condition to work and earn the fifty paise, shows that she was a self appointed tourist guide and not a beggar.

Question 3.
How does the speaker’s attitude undergo a change?
Answer:
The poet by depicting her physical appearance makes ‘An Old Woman’ more sympathetic The passer-by initially did not show much sympathy to her but later when he observes keenly her physical appearance and when she offered to become a tourist guide to show around the shrine, he was very much moved by her condition and admired her self respect.

Here, passer by represents anybody in general. Finally when he feels as if the sky was falling with the sound of plate glass clatter all around the old crone who was shatterproof and standing alone, he undergoes a change in attitude. So, the old woman was successful in evoking sympathy from anyone, in front of the temple.

III. Answer the following questions:

Question 1.
“The old woman reduces the self esteem of the speaker’ and makes him feel that he is nothing more than so much small change”. Comment.
Answer:
The poem ‘An Old Woman’ by Arun Kolatkar depicts the plight of an old woman. She is a woman who begs around a temple. Whoever passes around the temple, she grabs their sleeves and stick to them till she gets a fifty paise coin. In the beginning the passerby was asked for a fifty paise coin but he did not care for her. But she never left him and was behind him and tightenedher grip on his shirt till he took note of her ,
The poet highlights the traits of old women how they never leave until they get what they want.
The below lines justify –
“You know how old women are
They stick to you like a burr”.

She also laments that there was no other work in those wretched hills and old woman like her could do nothing more than showing tourist places as a guide. When she questioned, the passer by gazes at the sky through the ‘bullet holes” which are her eyes and is made uneasy.

Then the speaker observes the cracks under her eyes but he realises cracks are not only on her skin but beyond that. Then “the hills crack, the temples crack, the sky falls” these phrases suggest that his heart moves for her plight and he gets down from his self esteem and has a changed attitude.

The phrases “Cracks around her eyes” and “the cracking of hills and temples” suggest the old age of the woman and to become old is natural as hills and it is God’s gift to get cracks. This alerts us to the fact that everybody will get old and may have to lead a life like that woman in the poem. By overall view, the poet highlights that the old woman’s self respect is greater than her begging for a fifty paise coin.

Question 2.
What is the speaker trying to convey through the lines ‘And the hills crack, And the temples crack, And the sky falls’?
Answer:
The speaker is initially irritated by the old woman who holds on to his shirt and does not allow him to go She asked for a fifty paise coin and offered to take him to the Horseshoe shrine, but he has already seen it. She hobbles behind him. So, he now wants to get rid of her. When he turns towards her, she asks what she was supposed to do to eke out a living in those wretched hills.

Looking at her bullet hole eyes and cracked face, the speaker doesn’t know what to reply. He feels that all notions of dignity and respectability seem hollow when such helpless, old people are left to fend for themselves. He feels guilty and ashamed to face her as he is not able to help her in any substantial manner. All civilization seems to fall apart at the unspoken question of the old woman.

Question 3.
How do you relate the ‘cracks around her eyes’ to the cracking of hills and temples?
Answer:
The cracks around her eyes are symbolic of the hardships she has been through. The mountains and temples symbolize the speaker’s strong contentions about the old lady and our religious belief that giving charity is following dharmia, respectively. Crack around her eyes extend to the mountains and temples means her determination to live a life of dignity and hard work and not by charity, and this destroys both the beliefs of speaker and religion.

1st PUC English Textbook Answers

1st PUC English Textbook Answers Reflections Chapter 4 Oru Manushyan

Karnataka 1st PUC English Textbook Answers Reflections Chapter 4 Oru Manushyan

I. Answer the following questions in a word, a phrase or a sentence each:

Oru Manushyan Notes KSEEB Solution Question 1.
How far was the big city from the narrator’s home town?
Answer:
Some thousand five hundred miles from his home.

Oru Manushyan KSEEB Solution Question 2.
Where did the narrator stay in the big city?
Answer:
The narrator stayed in the city in a very small room on a dirty street.

Oru Manushyan Questions And Answers KSEEB Solution Question 3.
For money, people would do anything even
Answer:
Commit murder.

Oru Manushyan Summary KSEEB Solution Question 4.
What was the narrator doing to earn a living?
Answer:
Teaching English to some migrant labourers.

Oru Manushyan Pdf KSEEB Solution Question 5.
…………. was considered great education there.
(a) Learning English
(b) Learning to write an address in English
(c) Writing addresses at the post office
Answer:
(b) Learning to write an address in English

Oru Manushyan Textbook Pdf KSEEB Solution Question 6.
What reason did the narrator give for sleeping all day and having food in the evening?
Answer:
The reason was to save on the expense of drinking his morning tea and eating the noon meal.

Oru Manushyan Pdf Class 11 KSEEB Solution Question 7.
How much money did the narrator have in his pocket as his life’s savings?
Answer:
Fourteen rupees.

1st Puc English Oru Manushyan Notes KSEEB Solution Question 8.
The man who came forward to pay the narrator’s bill was
(a) a man with a red turban.
(b) a person dressed in a suit.
(c) a money lender
Answer:
(a) a man with a red turban.

Oru Manushyan Additional Question and Answer

Question 9.
Who helped the narrator to get out of humiliating situation?
Answer:
A man with a red turban.

Question 10.
Who had stolen the narrator’s purse?
Answer:
A man with a red turban and white trousers.

Question 11.
How much money did the narrator had to pay as the bill in the restaurant?
Answer:
Eleven annas.

II. Answer the following questions in a paragraph each:

Question 1.
Describe the people and the place where the incident took place.
Answer:
The incident took place in quite a big city in the valley of a mountain, some thousand five hundred miles away from the narrator’s home. The inhabitants of the city had never been known for the quality of mercy. People there were cruel and murder, robbery, and pick-pocketing were their daily habits. Traditionally, they were professional soldiers. Some of them lent out money on interest, some were watchmen in banks, mills and in industries. They would do anything for money, even commit murder.

Question 2.
What was the routine of the narrator in the city?
Answer:
The narrator would wake up daily at 4 pm to save on the expense of drinking his morning tea or eating the noon meal. He used to go on the streets to eat something in restaurants and wander around until 9.00 pm. He would return to his room and conduct tuitions for migrant labourers from 9.30 pm to 11.00 pm. He taught English to them not to a great extent, but only sufficient to write addresses in English. This was the narrator’s daily routine.

Question 3.
Give an account of the embarrassing experience of the narrator at the restaurant.
or

Question 4.
A stranger saved the day for the narrator. How?
Answer:
Once, the narrator went to a restaurant with fourteen rupees in his wallet kept in the pocket and ate a full meal consisting of chapatis and meat curry. He drank tea. The bill was eleven annas. He searched his pocket to pay the bill, but was shocked that his wallet was not in his pocket and some one had stolen it.

When he said the same to the owner, the owner caught him by the lapels and ordered him to pay up. But as he did not have any money , he offered to keep his coat there and later would bring some money and claim the coat. But the owner asked him to take off all his clothes. When he was removing them with great humiliation, a stranger came and helped the narrator by paying his bill.

III. Answer the following questions:

Question 1.
Does this story talk about the transformation in a person? Discuss.
Answer:
The narrator used to forego his breakfast and morning tea, so that he had money for his evening meal and tea. One day as usual he came to the crowded restaurant and had his regular meal and tea. When he had to pay the bill, he realized that his wallet had been picked. He revealed this fact to the owner who only found it funny and laughed out loud.

Though the narrator offered to leave his coat with the owner, he forced the narrator to take off all his clothes. As the narrator was very much ashamed taking off his trousers, a stranger stopped him and paid his bill. He later made the narrator wear his clothes and took him away. When the narrator praised and thanked him, the stranger just laughed. He did not reveal his name but only warned the narrator against speaking about him.

The stranger showed five wallets to the narrator, out of which one was the narrator’s. Tire stranger told the narrator to check whether his money was intact, and he wished him good luck. The narrator had mixed feelings by now. It was clear that his humiliation at the restaurant was due to the stranger’s picking his wallet and rendering him helpless.

But he was also thankful for his help at the right moment, avoiding the humiliation of standing stark naked in front of all the people. He felt that the stranger had perhaps undergone a transformation during his own interaction with the restaurant owner. This made him say at the end, ‘May God help you’, and leave without saying anything more to the stranger.

Question 2.
Do you think the restaurant keeper was overreacting when the narrator could not pay the bill? If so what accounts for his behaviour?
Answer:
The restaurant keeper was overreacting with the narrator. The narrator had offered his coat to be kept with him until he paid the bill. But the owner did not listen to him and ordered him to remove all his clothes. Instead of this, the owner could have shown a little sympathy and given him an opportunity to pay the bill.

But the owner seems to be hard hearted and miserly and giving an exaggerated value for money than for man. He does not know the value of man but teases him for the mistake of not paying the bill.

Moreover as it was not a big offence, he could have given him a chance to pay later instead of humiliating him in front of everybody. On the other hand, narrator also did not protest much, instead, he suffered all the humiliation in the restaurant.

Vocabulary
Synonyms and Antonyms
A Synonym is a word which is identical in sense and usage with another, for example, fast is a synonym of quick. An antonym is a word which is of a contradictory meaning to the other – hot is an antonym of cold. Work in pairs and find the synonym to the words given below. Refer to a Thesaurus if necessary
1st PUC English Textbook Answers Reflections Chapter 4 Oru Manushyan.1
Choose the word that is opposite in meaning to the word in capital letters:
1st PUC English Textbook Answers Reflections Chapter 4 Oru Manushyan.2
Answer:
1st PUC English Textbook Answers Reflections Chapter 4 Oru Manushyan.3
1st PUC English Textbook Answers Reflections Chapter 4 Oru Manushyan.4

Use suitable prefixes to form antonyms, (il, dis, un, im, mis, in)
e.g. Climax – anticlimax.
1. Healthy – unhealthy
2. Mobile – immobile
3. Please – displease
4. Prove – disprove
5. Logical – illogical
6. Conception – misconception
7. Orthodox – unorthodox
8. Sane – insane
9. Perfect – imperfect

Provide antonyms for the following words from the lesson. Avoid using affixes.

Rescue – destroy
Remember – forget
Vague – clear
Madness – wise
Inhabitant – wanderer
Distant – near
Lend – take
Dirty – clean
Expensive – cheap
Crowded – lonely
Quiet – noisy
Forward – backward
Laugh– cry
Open – close

1st PUC English Textbook Answers 

Karnataka Solutions for Class 8 English Chapter 1 A Day in the Ashram

Karnataka Solutions for Class 8 English Chapter 1 A Day in the Ashram Questiona and Answers are prepared according to the latest academic syllabus. So refer our Karnataka Secondary Education Examination Board Class 8 English Solutions to score good marks in the exams. Tap the link and Download KSEEB Solutions for Class 8 English Chapter 1 A Day in the Ashram to cover all the topics.

A Day in the Ashram Questions and Answers, Notes, Summary

With the help of the Karnataka Secondary Education Examination Board Class 8 English Solutions Chapter 1 A Day in the Ashram Questions and Answers Pdf, Notes, Summary you can get an idea about the subject. Also we suggest the students keep the textbook aside to learn the subject in depth.

C1. Answer the following questions and share your responses with your partner.

KSEEB Solutions For Class 8 English Question 1.
Who named the school ‘Shantiniketan”?
Answer:
Maharshi Rabindranath Tagore named the school Shantiniketan.

A Day In The Ashram KSEEB Solutions Question 2.
When does the day in Shantiniketan begin?
Answer:
The day begins before dawn, when the birds chirps in almoki groves.

8th Standard English Notes Of Lesson 1 KSEEB Solutions Question 3.
What is termed by Gurudeva as, the darling of our hearts’?
Answer:
Shantiniketan is termed as the darling of our hearts by Gurudev.

A Day In The Ashram Question Answer KSEEB Solutions Question 4.
Which phrase used in paragraph 1 means’ both the old and the young people ‘?
Answer:
The phrase ‘old and young alike’ means both the old and the young people in Paragraph 1

A Day In Ashram Lesson Notes KSEEB Solutions Question 5.
The boys in Shantiniketan get up early in the morning . Who else are early risers ?
Answer:
The birds in amloki grooves are the early risers with the boys in Shantiniketan.

C2. Work in pairs, Answer the following questions and share vour responses with vour partners.

A Day In The Ashram Notes KSEEB Solutions Question 1.
What kind of work do the boys practice in the afternoon?
Answer:
The boys in Shantiniketan practice Carpentry, spinning, weaving, drafting, painting music etc in the afternoon. They learn these types of handwork.

A Day In The Ashram Pdf KSEEB Solutions Question 2.
What are Shantiniketam boys famous for.?
Answer:
The Shantiniketan boys are famous for sports and games everywhere.

8th Standard English Notes KSEEB Solutions Question 3.
How do the boys spend their evenings before they go to bed?
Answer:
The boys spend their evening before they go to bed by telling fairy tales, recitation of short dramas, singing of Gurudeva’s songs and gatherings of different schools.

8th English A Day In The Ashram Question Answer KSEEB Solutions Question 4.
Read the second paragraph carefully. What is describes is :
a) the greatness of the teacher
b) the song of the choristers
c) the lessons taught in the Ashram
d) the silent meditation of the inmates
Answer:
b) The song of the choristers

C3. Read and discuss your responses with your partner. Then write.

8th Class English A Day In The Ashram Question Answer KSEEB Solutions Question 1.
What is the effect of the song of the choristers on the listeners?
Answer:
When the Choristers are singing their morning hymns and they go around the Ashram, one can hear the voices. The beauty of the sound in the silent morning air and the sense of Joy and reverence which it brings, give peace to the soul.

KSEEB Solutions For Class 8 English A Day In The Ashram Question 2.
How are classes held in the afternoon in Shantiniketan?
Answer:
in the afternoon, at two o’clock, the afternoon classes begin. Handiwork is practiced. The work is chiefly with hands and the mind. The boys practice handicrafts such as carpentry, mechanics, spinning, weaving, drafting, painting and playing musical instruments. This helps the boys to discover their tastes and talents.

KSEEB 8th English Solutions Question 3.
How do the boys spend their evenings in Shantiniketan?
Answer:
In the evening, the boys return after playing in the field. They meditate for a short time. They take part in cultural activities such as singing songs, reciting and enacting dramas, telling fairy tales, and attending school gatherings.

A Day In The Ashram Question Answer Pdf KSEEB Solutions Question 4.
How are the classes at Shantiniketan different from the classes in other schools?
Answer:
The classes at Shantiniketan is completely different from the classes of other schools. In Shantiniketan, the teaching is student or child-centered. The students sit with their teacher in the open air under the trees. There is no classrooms. The group of 8 to 10 students has one teacher.

Very few books are’ used. Most part of learning is done through conversation. The students could ask questions and clear their doubts. On the contrary in other schools, the teaching is teacher-oriented (centered). One teacher in the class should teach 50 to 60 students, many books and subjects.

Her subjects are compulsory whether the students like or dislike. The answer should be by heart. Handiworks are very less and they were not given much importance. The students do not have freedom.

8th Standard Second Language English Notes Pdf A Day In The Ashram Question 5.
How does Shantiniketan prepare the boys for life?
Answer:
The classes in Shanthinikethan not only CPC Honest Success Series teaches subjects but also handiwork’s. Here the importance is given to the all-round development of the students. The teacher-student relationship is cordial and the teachers find out the student’s talent and encourage them to learn that subject.

Handiwork is also helpful to build their future and succeed in that particular field. If the students learn their talented subjects they would definitely gain skills. It is helpful in their future life. Thus Shantiniketan helps and prepare the students for life.

C4. The writer has used the phrase ‘living education’ to describe the experience in Shantiniketan. Some features of education are given below. Classify them into the categories of ‘living education’ and ‘unimaginative instruction. Discuss in groups.
Answer:
Karnataka Solutions for Class 8 English Chapter 1 A Day in the Ashram 1

C5. Write a paragraph describing your our idea of a good school.
Answer:
A Good School:
The teachers are pillars for school. They must be educated, kind, learned, disciplined and have lot of patience. They must love their profession and children. Magnificent building, spacious class rooms and big fields are not as much important. The way of teaching should encourage the students creative thinking.

Give importance to boost the children’s talent. The students should have free ness to ask questions. Handiwork’s and games and sports should include in their curriculum. The students should also be obedient, disciplined and love to learn.

Vocabulary:

VI. Observe The use of nearer and nearer in the following example.

e.g. You can hear the voice in the distance, drawing nearer and nearer.

Fill in the blanks in the following sentences with the help of the clues given in brackets.

  1. When you blow air into a balloon in becomes ……… and ………. [big]
  2. As the train approaches the station, the should of its whistle becomes ……….. and ………. [loud]
  3. If you practice harder and harder, you will feel ……… and ……… [much] confident to solve the problems.
  4. Man has been constructing ………. and ………. [tall] buildings in the cities.
  5. As you move away from a tree it looks ……… and ………… [small]

Answer:

  1. bigger, bigger [big]
  2. louder, louder [loud]
  3. more, more [much]
  4. taller, taller [tall]
  5. smaller, smaller [small]

V2. Fill in the blanks using some and others.

e.g. Some prefer capentry others prefer mechanical work.

  1. You can see shining objects in the sky at night. …….. of them are planets ………. are stars.
  2. There are many fruits in the basket. ………. of them are mangoes, ……… are bananas.
  3. After the bell, ……….. boys went out to play ………. went home.
  4. There are a few books on the table. ……….. of them are text books, ……….. are not.
  5. ………. of the apples in the basket are good ………… are bad.

Answer:

  1. some, others
  2. some, others
  3. some, others
  4. some, others
  5. some, others

V3. Fill in the blanks choosing the appropriate words from the words given in brackets.

Last week [week, weak] I went to a shop to buy [by buy] a pair of trousers. I bought one and returned home. When I tried to wear [wear., ware] it, I found that it was rather loose [loose, lose]. So I went to the shop in fury. But the shopkeeper was out. So I had to wait [wait, weight] for half an hour. When he returned. I shouted at him, “See how big it is. It fits an elephant”. He replied coolly looking at my pot belly, “Therefore we offered it to your, Sir”.

V4. Fill in the blanks using the antonyms of the words underlined.

  1. Krishna was a …….. king, while his friend was a ……… man.
  2. Madanika is ……… but her brother is ………..
  3. Radhika is ……… but her sister is ………..
  4. Silk is ……..; iron is ……..
  5. I can ……….. stories but ………… lessons.

Answer:

  1. rich, poor
  2. tall, short.
  3. strong, weak
  4. soft, hard
  5. remember, remember

V5. Classify the following into prefixes and suffixes :

re, less, fill, mis, non, anti, ment, able, ish, in ex, ion, ship, multi, sub, ive.
One example for each is given.

Prefixes Suffixes
re-mis, non, anti, in ex, multi sub -less, full, ment, able ish, ion, ship, ive

V6. Fill in the blanks with the appropriate prefixes choosing from the ones given above [V5]

  1. The school reopens on ………..
  2. Manish eats meat. He is a ………
  3. Terrorists are ……… social.
  4. BakraNangal is a ………. purpose project.
  5. Plastic chairs are ………. expensive.

Answer:

  1. June 1
  2. non – vegetarian.
  3. anti
  4. multi
  5. in

V7. Fill in the blanks with appropriate suffixes choosing from the ones given above [V5]

  1. He was comfort…….. in his seat on the train.
  2. He was acting in a very chill…….. way.
  3. She looked at her reflect………. in the mirror.
  4. India has won the Champion……… at Sharjah.
  5. The rate of employ………. in India has been rising steadily.

Answer:

  1. table
  2. dish
  3. ion
  4. ship
  5. ment

Task 2.
Your teacher will say these words. listen and write them in two different columns a few example are given.

Words with / i: /

eg mean, priest, lead, seek, clean, read, speed, meet, breed, sheet, dream, fees, Leed, learn

Words with /i /

eg spit, win, fit, mist, kit, grin, mix chit, hid, trim

C. Reading:
Reading warning Sings.
Karnataka Solutions for Class 8 English Chapter 1 A Day in the Ashram 2

  1. Do not use it in a closed room. (3)
  2. Do not eat or drink it (2)
  3. Do not breathe it in (6)
  4. Do not store it in a cupboard. Keep it cool. (4)
  5. Do not but in it. (1)
  6. Keep it in a place where a child cannot go near it. (5)

D. GRAMMAR
Task 1:
Read the following passage. underline the common nouns. Say whether they are countable, that is whether they can be wanted one, two etc., or whether they are uncountable. that is, they cannot be counted, list them under different columns. Two examples are given.

There was a merchant in a town. His name was Parashuramappa. He had many friends. They helped him in selling milk all over the town. Parashuramappa loved to live in peace. Also, he always spoke the truth. These qualities endeared him to all the people in the locality.

Countable Nouns Uncountable Nouns
People, merchant, town, friends milk, peace, truth

Task 2:
Fill in the blanks using ‘a,’ ‘an’ or ‘the’ only

1. Abdul is an excellent football player. As a student, he won many prizes. Now he has joined a .multinational company. The company encourages him to play for the state-level tournaments.

2. Democracy is the best form of government for all the people who have the right to vote. Even in the emergency, the people do not j lose their…. rights, in that form of government.

3. … Peter lives in the same locality as I do. His father is an Assistant Engineer. He loves … music and… sports. His most favorite sports is … is cricket.

Task 3:
Look at the following pairs of sentences. Why is ‘the’ (the definite article) used in some cases but not in others? Discuss with your partner and write the reasons. Answer the following questions by filling in the blanks. :

  1. …….. rose is a beautiful flower
  2. ……… rose on your coat is fading.
  3. Do you have ……. ticket? (The ticket collector to the passenger )
  4. Here are ……. tickets
  5. It is ……… e-mail
  6. I have not yet read …….. e-mail

Answer:

  1. A
  2. The
  3. the
  4. the
  5. an
  6. the

Task 4:
What do you understand after doing these exercises? Answer the following questions by filling in the blanks.

  1. Nouns can be countable or Uncountable
  2. Countable can be singular or plural.
  3. ‘a’, ‘an’ and they are articles.
  4. ‘a’, and ‘an’ are used only with countable nouns.
  5. ‘The’ can be used with both singular and plural forms of nouns,
  6. The is called the definite article, ‘a’ and ‘an’ are called indefinite. Articles.

Answer:

  1. Uncountable
  2. plural
  3. the
  4. countable
  5. plural
  6. article, indefinite

Other Determines
Apart from a / an / the, some of the other determiners are a few, many, several, a pair of, a piece of, a lot of etc.
Another type of determiners are Demonstratives namely
This- these
That- those.

Task 5:
Frame sentences using the above determiners.

  1. There are ……… students in the assembly hall.
  2.  I have ………. books,.
  3. Gopi had ………. paintings.
  4. Sindhu purchased ………. of gloves.
  5. Ranga tasted ……….. sweet.
  6. ……….. people attended the fair.
  7. ……… is fruit and ……….. are fruits.
  8. ………. is a toy and ……….. are toys.

Answer:

  1. a few
  2. many
  3. several
  4. a pair
  5. a piece of
  6. A lot of
  7. This, these
  8. That, those

E. Writing:
Choice of words :

Task 1:
Read the following descriptions. Substitute each with an appropriately descriptive word from the ones given in brackets below. One example is given.

  1. He often promises to do things, but half the time he forgets ………….
  2. She is always here on time ……….
  3. I don’t think he has done any work since he has been here, ……….
  4. She finds it difficult to meet people and talk to strangers ………..
  5. He can work in any department and it doesn’t matter to him if he is on his own or part of a team ………..

Answer:

  1. Forgetful
  2. punctual
  3.  azy
  4. shy
  5. flexible

A Day in the Ashram Additional Questions and Answers

Question 1.
Who is the author of the lesson ‘A Day in the Ashram’?
Answer:
C. F. Andrews is the author of the lesson ‘A Day in the Ashram’.

Question 2.
What do the choristers of the Ashram do?
Answer:
The choristers go round the Ashram singing hymns.

Question 3.
Why do the boys go into the fields with their asanas?
Answer:
The boys go into the fields to meditate alone in the silence of the morning.

Question 4.
There are no classrooms in Shantiniketan. Where do the boys sit and learn?
Answer:
The boys sit in small groups of eight or ten under the trees with their teachers.

Question 5.
What does C.F. Andrews call the education imparted in the Ashram?
Answer:
C. F. Andrews calls the education imparted in the Ashram “Living education”.

Question 6.
When do the afternoon classes begin?
Answer:
The afternoon classes begin at two o’clock.

Question 7.
Give a list of the handicrafts practiced by the boys.
Answer:

  1. Carpentry
  2. spinning
  3. weaving
  4. drafting
  5. painting
  6. mechanical work
  7. playing musical instruments.

Question 8.
When do the boys go to bed?
Answer:
The boys go to bed by nine o’clock at night.

Multiple Choice Questions:

Four alternatives are given for each of the following questions/ incomplete statements. Choose the most appropriate one.

Question 1.
‘A Day in the Ashram’ is written by
A) A.L. Hendricks
B) Charles Dickens
C) C.F Andrews
D) Daniel Miller
Answer:
C) C.F Andrews

Question 2.
Shantiniketan was founded by
A) Rabindranath Tagore
B) C.F Andrews
C) Mahatma Gandhi
D) C.V. Raman
Answer:
A) Rabindranath Tagore

Question 3.
Who has referred to Shantiniketan as ‘The darling of our hearts’?
A) Mahatma Gandhi
B) Rabindranath Tagore
C) C.F. Andrews
D) Sarojini Naidu
Answer:
B) Rabindranath Tagore

Question 4.
In the ashram, what gives peace to the soul?
A) The singing of the birds in the amloki groves
B) The boys meditating in the fields in the morning
C) The beauty of the sound of the choristers singing in the morning
D) The boys standing in the shade of the trees and singing hymns.
Answer:
C) The beauty of the sound of the choristers singing in the morning

Question 5.
A greater part of the teaching in Shantiniketan is carried on through
A) books
B) discussions
C) conversation
D) examinations
Answer:
C) conversation

Question 6.
In the ashram, the boys’ own natural tastes are discovered through
A) singing of hymns
B) the handiwork they practice
C) sports and games
D) reciting of short dramas
Answer:
B) the handiwork they practice

Question 7.
The Shantiniketan boys are famous for
A) sports and games
B) studies
C) discipline
D) knowledge
Answer:
A) sports and games

A Day in the Ashram Summary in English

A day in the Ashram’ is the experience of C. F. Andrews while he stayed in the Ashram known as ‘Shanthiniketan’founded by Rabindranath Tagore, he was famous as ‘Gurudeva’. Shantiniketan was his dream school. He was one of the important educationists. All his ideas are practically applied in this school. It is one of the important internationally popular schools.

1. The beauty of Shantiniketan is not found visibly. Its importance lies in its quality of education and the way of teaching. Irrespective of age all who have visited it, appreciate and feel its inner beauty Gurudeva says that all the students learned here never forgot their student life and they reached a very great height in future life. Our ex-Prime Minister Smt. Indira Gandhi was one of the students of Shantiniketan.

A Day in the Ashram Summary in Kannada

A Day in the Ashram Summary in Kannada 1
A Day in the Ashram Summary in Kannada 2
A Day in the Ashram Summary in Kannada 3
A Day in the Ashram Summary in Kannada 4

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